User:Dextrine/Manolo Pascual
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Manuel Teodoro Pascual (April 15, 1902 – January 11, 1983), known as Manolo Pascual, was a Spanish sculptor whose style evolved from youthful classical beginnings in Europe, to primitivist[1] influenced experimentation in the Dominican Republic[2] , and then to new complexities of metal sculpture in New York. Exiled from Europe by the Spanish Civil War, he became an influential creator and teacher of art in North America.
The European Period
At age 13, Pascual began art studies in Madrid at the Academia de Belles Artes de San Fernando. Three years later he graduated, winning the Gold Medal for Sculpture. During the 1920's and 30's, the Spanish government awarded him scholarships in Paris and Rome. Before the Spanish Civil War in 1936, he exhibited his sculpture in France, England, Italy, and Spain. In 1938, he became a battlefront Captain in the Republican army. After Franco's victory in 1939, he escaped to France. Along with other artist and intellectual refugees, he obtained a visa for emigration to the Dominican Republic.
The Dominican Period
The Spanish exiles found themselves in a tropical land where art reflected Afro-Caribbean and indigenous cultures. The refugee artists began to have a marked effect upon Dominican art. Pascual and another of these artists founded the Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes, and Trujillo, the President of the Republic, named Pascual as the first Director. Pascual was not only an extremely influential teacher, but he matured in his unique approaches to sculpture in many mediums: clay, wood, marble, plaster, tin, wrought iron, bronze, and welded steel.
The New York Period
After over a decade in Santo Domingo, Pascual moved to New York in 1951 and taught at The New School for Social Research for nearly three decades. Here he was in a turbulent art environment dominated by abstract expressionism, but he kept to his unique varieties of style in perfecting his iron-based forms. Artistic acclaim in his new country came to him during the 1950's, and he exhibited in several states before ill health forced his retirement.
References
[edit]Ariadne Pascual Wright and Fernando Ureña Rib, Editors, A Spanish Sculptor in Exile: The Art and Life of Manolo Pascual, Artmaster Publishing, Austin, Texas, 2011, ISBN 978-0-615-50761-3
Dr. Robert Myron, in Manolo Pascual: A Retrospective Exhibition, 50 Years of Sculpture, Emily Lowe Gallery, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, 25 November 1968
María del Pilar González Lamela, Cincuenta Años de Exilio Español en Puerto Rico y El Caribe, 1939-1989, Ediciós do Castro, Coruña, Spain, 1991, pp. 285-86
Vicente Llorens, Memorias de una emigración: Santo Domingo, 1939-1945, Editorial Ariel, Barcelona, Spain, 1975, pp. 62-63, ISBN 84-344-2480-0
E. F. Granell, La Leyenda, de Lorca y Otros Escritos, Talleres de B. Costa-Amic, Editor, Mexico City, 1973
Jeannette Miller, Arte Dominicano, Artistas Españoles y Modernidad:1920-1960, Ediciones Centro Cultural Hispánico e Instituto de Cooperación Iberoamericana, Santo Domingo, 1996
Fraiz Grijalba, Artistas Españoles en Santo Domingo, Sindicato Nacional de Artes Gráficas, Santo Domingo, 1942
External links
[edit]Categories: Culture and the Arts| War Artists| Sculpture| Sculptors| Modern Sculptors| Spanish Sculptors| 1902 births| 1983 deaths