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Stoke City
Stoke City badge
Full nameStoke City Football Club
Nickname(s)The Potters
Founded1863
GroundBritannia Stadium
Stoke-on-Trent
Capacity28,383
ChairmanEngland Peter Coates
ManagerWales Tony Pulis
LeagueThe Championship
2005-06The Championship, 13th

Stoke City Football Club is a football club from Stoke-on-Trent in England. The club plays in the Football League Championship, the second tier of English football. The club is the second-oldest Football League club in the world, as it was founded in 1863.

The club’s nickname is The Potters (after the pottery industry in Stoke-on-Trent) and its home kit consists of a red & white vertical-striped shirt with white shorts and white socks. The club is currently owned by Kidsgrove Road Limited, a subsidiary of Bet365, with Peter Coates as the club's chariman. It was owned by Stoke Holding, from 1999 to 2006, which was in turn owned by a consortium of Icelandic businessmen. Coates completed his takeover on May 22 2006.

Stoke play their home fixtures at the Britannia Stadium, a 28,000 all-seater stadium. The stadium was opened in 1997, prior to this date Stoke had played at the Victoria Ground, which had been their home ground since 1878.

Stoke have not participated in the top flight, the Premier League, since the 1984-85 season when they were relegated with a total of 17 points, which would be a record low tally for twenty-one years. Stoke's first major trophy was won in the 1972 League Cup Final, when Stoke beat Chelsea F.C. 2–1 in the final at Wembley Stadium. The club have won the Football League Trophy trophy on two occasions, firstly in 1992 and then in 2000.

History

[edit]
Further information: History of Stoke City F.C.

Stoke City F.C., considered to be the second-oldest English football league club, was formed in 1863, under the name Stoke Ramblers, when pupils of Charterhouse School formed a football club while apprentices at the North Staffordshire Railway works in Stoke-on-Trent.[1] The club's first documented match was three years later, in October 1868, against an EW May XV at the Victoria Cricket Club ground. Henry Almond, the club's founder, was also captain, and coincidently scored the club's first ever goal. During this period they played at the Victoria Cricket Ground, however they switched to a ground located at nearby Sweetings Field in 1875 to cope with rising attendances.[1]

[[:Image:Victoriaground stoke.jpg|left|200px|thumb|The Victoria Ground, the home of Stoke City F.C. from 1878-1997]]In 1878, the club merged with Stoke Victoria Cricket Club, it was at this time that they became simply known as Stoke Football Club.[1] They moved from their previous ground, Sweetings Field, to the Athletic Club ground, which would soon became known as the Victoria Ground.[2] It was around this time that the club adopted their traditional red-and-white striped kit. In August 1885, 15 years after it was initially founded, the club turned professional.[1]

Stoke became of the twelve founding members of the Football League when it was introduced in 1888.[3] The club struggled in their first two seasons, 1871-72 and 1872-73, finishing bottom on both occasions.[4] In 1914, the First World War meant the league was suspended for a period of four years, until it eventually recommenced in August 1919. During this wartime period, Stoke entered the Lancashire Primary and Secondary leagues.[5]

The club became owners of their stadium, the Victoria Ground, around 1919. This followed by the construction of the new Butler Street stand, which increased the overall capacity of the ground to 50,000.[6] In 1925, Stoke-on-Trent was granted "city status" and this led the club to change its name for the final time to Stoke City F.C. in 1928.[7]

The 1930's saw the début of club's most celebrated player Stanley Matthews. Matthews, who grew up in Hanley, was an apprentice at the club and made his first appearance in March 1932,[8] against Bury F.C., at the age of 17.[9] By end of the decade, Matthews had established himself as an England international and as one of the best footballers of his generation. Stoke achieved promotion from the 2nd Division in 1932-33 - as champions - however Matthews only featured in fifteen games in this season. He did however score his first goal for the club in a 3–1 win against local rivals Port Vale F.C..[9]

By 1934, the club's average attendance had risen to over 23,000, which in turn allowed the club to give the manager Tom Mather increased transfer funds. The club was now considered one of the top teams in the country. It was in this period that the club recorded its record league win, a 10–3 win over West Brom in February 1937. In the April of that year the club achieved its record league crowd - 51,373 against Arsenal F.C.. Freddie Steele's 33 league goals in 1936-37 remains a club record to this date.[9]

The outbreak of World War II prevented any further progress as the league was suspended during the 1939-40 season for a period of 6 years. Following the resumption of the FA Cup, tragedy struck as 33 fans died and 520 were injured during 6th round tie away against Bolton Wanderers.[10] In 1946-47, Stoke mounted a serious title challenge. The club needed a win in their final game of the season to win the First Division title, however a 2–1 to Sheffield United defeat meant the title went to Liverpool F.C. instead. Stanley Matthews left with 3 games remaining of the 1946-47 season, opting to join Blackpool F.C. at the age of 32.[10]

Stoke succumbed to relegation from the First Division in 1952-53, during the season Bob McGory resigned as the club's manager after 17 years in the role.[11][12]

Tony Waddington was appointed as the club's manager in June 1960.[13] He first joined the club in 1952 as a coach, before being promoted to assistant mananger in 1957. Waddington pulled off a significant coup by enticing Stanley Matthews - now 46 years old - back to the club, 14 years after he had departed.[14] The return of Matthew's helped Stoke to an improved 8th position in 1961-62. Promotion was achieved in the next season, with Stoke finishing as champions.[14] In their first season back in the 1st Division, 1963-64, Waddington guided Stoke to a mid-table finish. Matthew's remained influential, as he helped the club to the League Cup final in 1964, although this followed by defeat to Leicester F.C. over two legs.[14]

Waddington counted on experience; Dennis Viollet, Jackie Mudie, Roy Vernon, Maurice Setters and Jimmy McIlroy were players signed in the latter stages of their careers. Matthews was awarded a knighthood for services to football in the 1965 New Year's Honours list. This was followed by his 701st, and final, league appearance for the club against Fulham F.C. in February 1965, shortly after his 50th birthday. Gordon Banks, England's 1966 World Cup-winning goalkeeper, joined in 1967 for £52,000 from Leicester.[14] Regarded as the best goalkeeper in the world,[15][16] Banks proved to be a shrewd signing for Waddington as he helped the club maintain stability in the 1st Division.[14]

The club won its first significant trophy on 4 March 1972 in the League Cup Final.[17] Stoke beat favourites Chelsea F.C. 2–1 in the final at Wembley Stadium in front of a crowd of 97,852 spectators.[18] Preceding this victory, Stoke had progressed through 11 games in order to reach the final. This included four games with West Ham United F.C. in the semi-final; the two-legged match was replayed twice.[19] Stoke fared well in the FA Cup; the club progressed to the semi-final stage in both the 1970-71 and 1971-72 seasons. However, on both occasions Stoke lost to Arsenal F.C. in a replay.[18]

The Butler Stand Roof was blown off in a storm, in January 1976.[20] The repair bill, in the region of £250,000, put the club in financial trouble, which was only eased by the sales of Alan Hudson, Mike Pejic and Jimmy Greenhoff for a combined sum of £440,000. With the team depleted, relegation proved inevitable in 1976-77. Waddington, after a spell of 17 years in charge, left the club after a 1–0 home defeat in March 1977.[18][21]

Waddington was replaced by George Eastham in March 1977, however he could not halt the club's slide to the Second Division in 1976-77. Eastham did not last long in the job, leaving during the 1977-78 season, in January 1978, after only 10 months in charge. Alan Durban, arriving from Shrewsbury Town F.C., was selected as the club's new manager in February 1978. Durban achieved promotion to the First Division in his first full season in charge, 1978-79, on the last day of the season.[18] After consolidating the club's position in the First Division, Durban left for Sunderland in 1981.[22] Ritchie Barker, who was appointed for 1982-83, had a short spell in charge, as he was sacked in the following season. The club's new manager, Bill Asprey decided to bring back veteran Alan Hudson.[23] The decision paid off as an improved second-half of the season led to Stoke avoiding relegation on the final day of the 1983-84 season.[22]

The next season, commonly referred to as The Holocaust Season by fans,[24] proved to be disastrous. Stoke finished the season with only 17 points, with just 3 wins all season.[25] Mick Mills was appointed player-manager for the 1985-86 season.[22] Mills was unable to sustain a challenge for promotion however, and was sacked in November 1989 following a poor start to the 1989-90 season, after spending £1m on players. His successor, Alan Ball, Jr. became the club's 5th manager in 10 years.[22]

Ball struggled in his first season in charge, 1989-90, and his Stoke were relegated to the third tier of English football after finishing bottom of the Second Division. Ball kept his job for the start of the following season, 1990-91, but departed during February 1991, in the midst of an indifferent season that saw Stoke finish 15th in the Third Division.[26]

Ball's successor, Lou Macari, was appointed in May 1991, prior to the start of the 1991-92 season. He clinched silverware for the club; the Football League Trophy was won with a 1–0 victory against Stockport County F.C. at Wembley, with Mark Stein scoring the only goal of the game. The following season, 1992-93, promotion was achieved from the third tier - now known as Division Two[27] with Stoke finishing as league champions. Macari left in October 1993; Stein also departed, in a £1.5m move to Chelsea F.C., which remains a club-record fee.[26]

Joe Jordan's tenure in charge was short; as he departed the club less than a year after joining. Following Jordan's departure, Stoke opted to reappoint Lou Macari only 12 months after he had left. Stoke finished 4th in 1995-96 but were defeated in the play-off final by Leicester City F.C.. Macari left the club at the end of the season, his last game in charge was the final league game at the Victoria Ground.[26] Mike Sheron, who was signed two years previously from Norwich City F.C., was sold for a club record fee of £2.5m in 1997.[28]

1997-98 saw Stoke move to its new ground, the Britannia Stadium,[29][30] after 119 years at the Victoria Ground. Chic Bates, Macari's assistant, was appointed manager for the club's first season in the new ground. He did not last long though, and was replaced by Chris Kamara in January 1998. Kamara could not improve the club's fortunes either, and he too left in April. Alan Durban, previously Stoke's manager two decades earlier, took charge for the remainder of season. Despite his best efforts, Durban was unable to keep the club up, as defeat on the final day of the season consigned Stoke to relegation from Division One.[26] Brian Little, formerly manager of Aston Villa F.C.,[31] took charge for the 1998-99 season.[32] Despite an impressive start, the team's form tailed off dramatically in the latter stages of the season, which led to Little leaving the club at the end of the season. His successor, Gary Megson, was only in the job for four months. Megson was forced to depart following a takeover by Stoke Holding, an Icelandic consortium, who purchased a 66% share in Stoke City F.C. for the sum of £6.6m.[33] The club's new Icelandic owners moved to appoint the club's first foreign manager, Icelander Gudjon Thordarson, in November 1999.[26][34]

The Auto Windscreens trophy was won in the 1999-2000 season, in April 2000, with a win over Bristol City F.C. in front of a crowd of 75,057 at Wembley.[7][35] Thordarson achieved promotion at the third time of asking in 2000-01.[36] A second successive 5th-place finish ensured a play-off spot. Cardiff City F.C. were defeated in the semi-final before a 2–0 win against Brentford F.C. at the Millennium Stadium secured promotion. Despite achieving the goal of promotion, Thordarson was sacked by Gunnar Gislason only days after the club won promotion.[36]

Steve Cotterill was drafted in as Thordarson's replacement prior to the start of the 2002-03 season.[36] Cotterill quit in October 2002, after only 4 months in charge. Tony Pulis was appointed as Stoke's new manager shortly after.[7][37] Pulis steered Stoke clear of relegation,[36] with a 1-0 win over Reading on the final day of the season keeping the club in the division.[38] Pulis was sacked at the end of the 2004-05 season, following disagreement between himself and the club's owners.[39]

Dutch manager Johan Boskamp was named as Pulis' successor on 29 June 2005, only a day after Pulis was sacked.[40] Boskamp broke the club's transfer record in signing Sambegou Bangoura for a fee in the region of £1m.[41] Despite his spending on new players, Boskamp's side was inconsistent and only a mid-table finish was achieved.[42] Boskamp left at the end of the 2005-06 season, amidst a takeover bid by former-chairman Peter Coates.[43] On 23 May 2006, Coates completed his takeover of Stoke City, marking the end of Gunnar Gislason's chairmanship of the club.[44] Coates chose former-manager Tony Pulis as Boskamp's successor in June 2006.[45] Pulis took Stoke close to a play-off place, however an eventual 8th-place finish was achieved in the 2006-07 season.[46] The following season however saw Stoke finally end the 23 year wait with a return to the top flight as runners-up to West Brom. The Coates / Pulis partnership having achieved in only two years.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d "1863-1888 In The Beginning". Stoke City F.C. Retrieved 2007-06-22.
  2. ^ "Stoke City Football Club". albionroad.com. Retrieved 2007-06-29.
  3. ^ "Blackburn Rovers FC". bbc.co.uk. 2000-09-04. Retrieved 2007-06-29. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  4. ^ "1888-1900 Election Fever". Stoke City F.C. Retrieved 2007-06-22.
  5. ^ "1910-1920 Rebirth". Stoke City F.C. Retrieved 2007-06-22.
  6. ^ "1920-1930 The Fall And Rise". Stoke City F.C. Retrieved 2007-06-22.
  7. ^ a b c The Oatcake (2000-07-19). "SCFC History". oatcake.co.uk. Retrieved 2007-06-23. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  8. ^ "The first gentleman of soccer". BBC News. 2000-02-23. Retrieved 2007-06-29. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  9. ^ a b c "1930-1940 Stan's The Man". Stoke City F.C. Retrieved 2007-06-23.
  10. ^ a b "1940-1950 So Near, So Far". Stoke City F.C. Retrieved 2007-06-24.
  11. ^ "1950-1960 A Foreign Affair". Stoke City F.C. Retrieved 2007-06-23.
  12. ^ "Bob McGrory's managerial career". soccerbase.com. Retrieved 2007-07-12.
  13. ^ "Tony Waddington's managerial career". soccerbase.com. Retrieved 2007-07-12.
  14. ^ a b c d e "1960-1970 Waddo You Believe It (Part One)". Stoke City F.C. Retrieved 2007-06-26.
  15. ^ "Gordon Banks". ifhof.com. Retrieved 2007-07-02.
  16. ^ "Gordon Banks (England)". planetworldcup.com. Retrieved 2007-07-02.
  17. ^ "The English League Cup". napit.co.uk. Retrieved 2007-07-12.
  18. ^ a b c d "1970-1980 Waddo You Believe It (Part Two)". Stoke City F.C. Retrieved 2007-06-29.
  19. ^ "League Cup Results 1972". the-english-football-archive.com. Retrieved 2007-07-02.
  20. ^ "The History of Stoke City Football Club". redstripe.com. Retrieved 2007-06-29.
  21. ^ "Stoke City - Formed 1863". rotaski.co.uk/stoke. Retrieved 2007-06-29.
  22. ^ a b c d "1980-1990 Five Managers, Five Chairmen". Stoke City F.C. Retrieved 2007-06-29.
  23. ^ Ronald Atkin (2003-02-16). "Football: Hudson: my soft spot for Stoke". The Independent. Retrieved 2007-06-29. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  24. ^ Smudge (2000-07-16). "SCFC Records". oatcake.co.uk - The Oatcake. Retrieved 2007-06-29. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  25. ^ Smudge (2001-09-01). "Top of the Tops - Part One". oatcake.co.uk - The Oatcake. Retrieved 2007-06-29. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  26. ^ a b c d e "1990-2000 Two Relegations, A Promotion & A Takeover". Stoke City F.C. Retrieved 2007-06-30.
  27. ^ The name was changed from Third Division to Division Two due to the formation of the Premier League. For more information, see Origins of Premier League.
  28. ^ "Mike Sheron". ex-canaries.co.uk. Retrieved 2007-07-02.
  29. ^ Smudge (2000-07-26). "Britannia Stadium". oatcake.co.uk - The Oatacke. Retrieved 2007-07-02. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  30. ^ "Britannia Stadium". stadiumguide.com. Retrieved 2007-07-01.
  31. ^ "Little resigns from Villa". BBC News. 1998-02-24. Retrieved 2007-07-02. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  32. ^ "Brian Little's managerial career". soccerbase.com. Retrieved 2007-07-12.
  33. ^ "The History of Stoke City Football Club". redstripe.com. Retrieved 2007-07-02.
  34. ^ "Gudjon Thordarson - Stoke City Manager 1999 - 2002". totalise.co.uk. Retrieved 2007-07-02.
  35. ^ "Wembley glory for Stoke City". BBC Sport. 2000-06-29. Retrieved 2007-07-01. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  36. ^ a b c d "2000 And Beyond". Stoke City F.C. Retrieved 2007-07-01.
  37. ^ "Pulis gets Stoke job". BBC Sport. 2002-11-01. Retrieved 2007-07-10. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  38. ^ "Akinbiyi keeps Stoke up". BBC Sport. 2003-05-04. Retrieved 2007-06-12. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  39. ^ "Manager Pulis is sacked by Stoke". BBC Sport. 2005-06-28. Retrieved 2007-07-01. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  40. ^ "Boskamp named as new Stoke boss". BBC Sport. 2005-06-29. Retrieved 2007-06-12. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  41. ^ "Potters complete Bangoura signing". BBC Sport. 2005-08-30. Retrieved 2007-07-01. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  42. ^ "English League Championship Table - 2005/06". ESPN. Retrieved 2007-07-01.
  43. ^ "Boskamp confirms exit from Stoke". BBC Sport. 2006-04-30. Retrieved 2007-07-01. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  44. ^ "Coates takes over as Stoke owner". BBC Sport. 2006-05-23. Retrieved 2007-07-01. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  45. ^ "Pulis confirmed as Stoke manager". BBC Sport. 2006-06-14. Retrieved 2007-07-01. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  46. ^ "English League Championship Table - 2006/07". ESPN. Retrieved 2007-07-01.
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