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"Queen of Georgia" redirects here. For the consorts of Georgia, see List of Georgian consorts.
King of Georgia
The Coat of Arms of the Bagrationi Kingdom of Georgia
Details
First monarchBagrat III
Last monarchGeorge XII
Formation1008
Abolition1800
Pretender(s)Nugzar Bagration-Gruzinsky
(Gruzinsky branch)
David Bagration
(Mukhrani branch)
Part of a series on the
History of Georgia
Prehistoric Georgia
Ancient history
Middle Ages
Early modern history
Modern history
History by topic


This is a list of monarchs of the various kingdoms and principalities of Georgia until Russian annexation in 1810.

Colchis

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Main article: Colchis
  • Kuji, a presiding prince (eristavi) of Egrisi under the authority of Pharnavaz I of Iberia (ca 302-237 BC) (according to the medieval Georgian annals).
  • Akes (Basileus Aku) (end of the 4th century BC), king of Colchis; his name is found on a coin issued by him.
  • Saulaces, "king" in the 2nd century BC (according to some ancient sources).
  • Mithridates (fl. 65 BC), under the authority of Pontus.
  • Machares (fl. 65 BC), under the authority of Pontus. During his reign, the local chiefs, sceptuchi, continued to exercise some power. One of them, Olthaces, is mentioned by the Roman sources as a captive of Pompey in 65 BC.
  • Aristarchus (65-47 BC), a dynast under the authority of Pompey.

Lazica

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The known rulers of Lazica were:[1]

  • Agros fl. c. 2nd Cent.
  • Malaz fl. 130
  • ??
  • Mirdat c. 360-c. 380
  • Baraz-Bakur c. 380-c. 395
  • To Iberia (Eastern Georgia) c. 395-c. 450
  • ?
  • Gubazes I, attested ca. 456–466
  • Damnazes, ?–521/522
  • Tzath I, attested 521/522 – 527/528
  • Opsites, dates of reign unknown, likely some time before 541
  • Gubazes II ca. 541–555
  • Tzath II, 556–?
  • To Byzantine Empire 570-c. 660
  • Barnuk I 660-c. 670
  • Grigor 670-c. 675
  • Barnuk II 675-691

Caucasian Iberia

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Main article: Caucasian Iberia

Caucasian Iberia was a Greek and Roman name of the ancient kingdom of Kartli in what is now Eastern Georgia which began about 302 BC and fell to the Byzantines and Persians in 580. The lists of early Iberian kings are principally based on early medieval Georgian annals and is blended with legend and fact. Beginning with Artag (1st century BC), many of them are also attested by Roman/Byzantine, Armenian and Persian sources. There is also some lack of consistency about the dates of their reigns. The chronology below is given as per Javakhishvili, Toumanoff and other modern scholars.

Pharnabazid dynasty

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NameLifespanReign startReign endNotesFamilyImage
Pharnavaz I
fl. 3rd century BCSemi-legendary. Ruled 302-237 BC (Vakhushti), 299-234 BC (Toumanoff) or 284-219 BC (Ingorokva).[2]PharnabazidPharnavaz I of Iberia
Saurmag I
c. 234 BCc. 159 BCSon of Pharnavaz IPharnabazid

Nimrodid (Second Pharnabazid) dynasty

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NameLifespanReign startReign endNotesFamilyImage
Mirian I
c. 159 BCc. 109 BCSon-in-law and adopted son of SaurmagPharnabazid (Nimrodid)
Parnajom
c. 109 BCC. 90 BCSon of Mirian IPharnabazid

Artaxiad dynasty

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NameLifespanReign startReign endNotesFamilyImage
Artaxias I
90 BC78 BCSon of the king of ArmeniaArtaxiad
Artag
  • Georgian: არტაგ or არიკ
78 BC63 BCSon of Artaxias IArtaxiad
Parnavaz II
63 BC30 BCSon of ArtagArtaxiad

Nimrodid dynasty (restored)

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NameLifespanReign startReign endNotesFamilyImage
Mirian II32 BC23 BCSon of ParnajomPharnabazid (Nimrodid)
Arshak II23 BC2 BCSon of Mirian IIPharnabazid (Nimrodid)
Pharasmanes I2 BCAD 30Pharnabazid (Nimrodid)
Mithridates I3050Pharnabazid (Nimrodid)
Pharsman I5058Pharnabazid (Nimrodid)
Qartam5872Pharnabazid (Nimrodid)
Kaos7287Pharnabazid (Nimrodid)
Azork87106Pharnabazid (Nimrodid)
Amazasp106116Pharnabazid (Nimrodid)
Pharsman II
  • Qveli
116142Pharnabazid (Nimrodid)
Radamist142145Pharnabazid (Nimrodid)
Pharsman III145185Pharnabazid (Nimrodid)
Amazasp II185189Pharnabazid (Nimrodid)

Arsacid Dynasty

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NameLifespanReign startReign endNotesFamilyImage
Rev I
  • Martali
189216Arsacid
Vache216234Arsacid
Bakur I234249Arsacid
Mithridates II Mihrdat249265Arsacid
Amazasp III, anti-king260265Arsacid
Asphagur I265284Arsacid

Chosroid Dynasty

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NameLifespanReign startReign endNotesFamilyImage
Mirian III284361Introduced christianity into GeorgiaChosroid
Rev II, co-regent345361Chosroid
Saurmag II361363Chosroid
Varaz-Bakur I (Asphagur II)363365Chosroid
Mithridates III365380Chosroid
Varaz-Bakur II (Asphagur III)380394Chosroid
Trdat394406Chosroid
Pharsman IV406409Chosroid
Mithridates IV409411Chosroid
Archil411435Chosroid
Mithridates V435447Chosroid
Vakhtang I
  • Gorgasali
447502Chosroid
Dachi502514Chosroid
Bakur II (Gurgen)514528Chosroid
Pharsman V528542Chosroid
Pharsman VI542547Chosroid
Bakur III547580Chosroid

Principate of Iberia

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Main article: Principate of Iberia
NameLifespanReign startReign endNotesFamilyImage

Guaramid

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Chosroid

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Guaramid

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Nersianid

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Guaramid

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Bagratid

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Kings of the Georgians

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Kings and Queens of All Georgia

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Mongolian Conquest 1292-1310

Kingdom of Kartli

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The Kings of Georgia retained the largest portion of the divided kingdom which reverted to its old name of Kartli. Kingdom of Imereti and Kingdom of Kakheti emerged as the other Bagrationi kingdoms created out of the division.

Annexation to Kakheti 1630-1634

Annexation to Kakheti 1668-1691

  • George XI (1691–1695)

Annexation to Kakheti 1695-1703

  • George XI (1703–1709)
  • Kaikhusro (1709–1711)

Interregnum 1711-1714

Kingdom of Kakheti

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The Bagratids (Bagrationi)

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  • 1465-1476 – George I
  • 1476–1511 – Alexander I
  • 1511–1513 – George II "the Bad"
  • 1513–1520 – Annexation by the Kingdom of Kartli
  • 1520–1574 – Leon
  • 1574–1602 – Alexander II (Under the Ottoman suzerainty after 1578)
  • 1602 – David I
  • 1602–1605 – Alexander II (restored)
  • 1605 – Constantine I
  • 1605–1614 – Teimuraz I
  • 1614–1615 – Annexation by Persia
  • 1615–1648 – Teimuraz I (restored)
  • 1616–1623 – Annexation by Persia
  • 1623–1633 – Teimuraz I (restored)
  • 1633–1636 – Annexation by Persia
  • 1636–1648 – Teimuraz I (restored)
  • 1648–1656 – Annexation by Kartli
  • 1656–1664 – Annexation by Persia
  • 1664–1675 – Archil (Shāh Nazar Khān)
  • 1675–1676 – Erekle I (Nazar Alī Khān)
  • 1676–1703 – Annexation by Persia
  • 1703–1722 – David II (Imām Qulī Khān)
  • 1722–1732 – Constantine II (Mahmūd Qulī Khān) (As vassal of Ottoman Empire)
  • 1732–1744 – Teimuraz II (As vassal of Ottoman Empire until 1736, later one of Persia)
  • 1744–1762 – Erekle II

Kingdom of Imereti

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Second House of Imereti

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King of Kartli and Kakheti

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Upon Jesse's death and with help from the Persians, the two neighboring kingdoms of Kartli and Kakheti were united once more. Imereti remained independent until its annexation by Russia in 1810.

Annexation of Kakheti and Kartli to Russia by Tsar Paul I before coronation, 1801.

Georgian monarchy after 1801

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After the Russian annexation of Kartli-Kakheti in 1801 and neighbouring Imereti in 1810 the various branches of the Bagrationi Dynasty of Georgian kings endured in Georgia under Russian occupation. However, many members were forced to flee the country and live in exile after the Red Army took control of the short-lived Democratic Republic of Georgia in 1921 and installed the Georgian Communist Party. Since the Republic of Georgia regained independence in 1990 the former royals have been raising their profile and in 2008 the two rival strands of the dynasty were united in marriage (see picture).


Hereti

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  • Sahil Ibn Sumbat (815 - 840)
  • Adarnase I (840 - 865)
  • Hamam (865 - 893)
  • Adarnase II Patrikios (897 - 943)
  • Ishchanik (943 - 951)
  • Jan Senekerim (951 - 959)


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See also

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References

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  1. ^ http://web.raex.com/~obsidian/caucasus.html#Colchis
  2. ^ Rapp, Stephen H. (2003), Studies In Medieval Georgian Historiography: Early Texts And Eurasian Contexts. Peeters Bvba ISBN 90-429-1318-5.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Non-Bagrationi monarch.


Georgia Georgia Georgia

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