User:ChryZ MUC/Brandenburg

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Brandenburg (1945-1952) The State of Brandenburg (German: Land Brandenburg) was a subdivision of the Soviet occupation zone (until 1949) and state of East Germany (from 1949) which corresponds widely to the present-day German state Brandenburg. The state was originally formed as administrative division Province of March Brandenburg (German: Provinz Mark Brandenburg) by the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAD) in July 1945, a re-establishment of the Prussian Province of Brandenburg, excluding the Eastern parts behind the Oder-Neisse-Line to Poland. With the abolition of Prussia in February 1947, it was named State of March Brandenburg (German: Land Mark Brandenburg) but in June 1947 the SMAD forced to change the name to State of Brandenburg. Compared to the administrative divisions of Nazi Germany, it comprised the Western part of the Gau March Brandenburg. In August 1945, a transfer of territory was ruled out between Allied-occupied Berlin. Differences of borders between 1947 and 1990 Due to the post-war situation in Germany, the SMAD appointed state administrations in all subdivisions of their occupation zone in July 1945. Karl Steinhoff became the president of the state administration in Brandenburg and later was elected to the Minister-President. The first election for the Landtag of Brandenburg was held on 20 October 1946, on the same day the elections for the Landtage of the other divisions in the SBZ had been ruled out. The Soviet-backed SED (which became the ruling party of the GDR from 1949 onwards) received 43.5% of the votes, CDU 30.3%, LDPD 20.5% and VdgB 5.7%. In February 1947, the state-constitution was adopted. However, all resolutions by the parliament were made subject to approval of the SMAD. After the foundation of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) in October 1949, a second election for the Landtag was held in October 1950. The only party was the National Front, an alliance of political parties and mass organisations controlled by the SED, which received 99.9% of the votes. Following this election, it became the first and only time that five members of the Landtag were send to the Chamber of States of the GDR. As the ruling communists aimed to build a quasi-unitary state, the state was dissolved by a change of the Constitution of East Germany in July 1952. All of the five Länder were replaced by 14 newly formed Bezirke. In case of Brandenburg, the territory was transferred to the Bezirke Cottbus, Frankfurt, Neubrandenburg, Potsdam and Schwerin. The abolishment of the Chamber of States in 1958 and two ratifications of the constitution in 1968 and 1974 finally eliminate all kinds of federalism in the GDR until the peaceful revolution in 1989. After the first free elections in the GDR, the five Länder were re-established with some smaller geographical adjustments in August 1990 to accede to the Federal Republic of Germany.	Land Brandenburg Land Mark Brandenburg (1947) Provinz Mark Brandenburg (1945-1947) Subdivision of the Soviet occupation zone State of East Germany 1945–1952 Flag Coat of arms Brandenburg within Allied-occupied Germany in 1947 Capital Potsdam Area   • 1950 27,612 km2 (10,661 sq mi) Population   • 1950 2,725,000 Government President of the State Administration   • 1945-1946 Karl Steinhoff Minister-President   • 1946-1949 Karl Steinhoff • 1949-1952 Rudolf Jahn Legislature Landtag Historical era Post-World War II Cold War • Established 9 July 1945 • Declaration as state 6 February 1947 • Abolition of Prussia 25 February 1947 • State of East Germany 7 October 1949 • Disestablished 25 July 1952 Preceded by Succeeded by Province of Brandenburg Berlin Bezirk Cottbus Bezirk Frankfurt Bezirk Neubrandenburg Bezirk Potsdam Bezirk Schwerin Today part of Berlin Brandenburg Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Saxony Saxony-Anhalt
Mecklenburg (1945-1952) The State of Mecklenburg (German: Land Mecklenburg) was a subdivision of the Soviet occupation zone (until 1949) and state of East Germany (from 1949) which corresponds widely to the present-day German state Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The state was originally formed as administrative division State of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (German: Land Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) by the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAD) in July 1945. It consisted of the 1934 established Mecklenburg (a merger by the NSDAP-Gauleiter Friedrich Hildebrandt of the free states of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Mecklenburg-Strelitz) and parts of the former Prussian provinces of Pommern (Western Pomerania to the Oder-Neisse-Line) and Hanover (Amt Neuhaus). The city of Świnoujście was handed over in October 1945 to Poland (became part of Szczecin Voivodeship). In November 1945, a transfer of small territories along the Inner German border to the former Province of Schleswig-Holstein was carried out (Barber-Lyashchenko-Agreement). About 2.1 million people were estimated to live in Mecklenburg in 1946. From 1947, the term Vorpommern was excluded from the official name as the SMAD feared that this would support revisionist actions against the Polish parts (in particular Farther Pomerania). Compared to the administrative divisions of Nazi Germany, it comprised the Gaue Mecklenburg and parts of Pomerania and Eastern Hanover. Differences of borders between 1947 and 1990 Due to the post-war situation in Germany, the SMAD appointed state administrations in all subdivisions of their occupation zone in July 1945. Wilhelm Höcker became the president of the state administration in Mecklenburg and was elected later to the Minister-President. The first election for the Landtag of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern was held on 20 October 1946, on the same day the elections for the Landtage of the other divisions in the SBZ had been ruled out. The Soviet-backed SED (which became the ruling party of the GDR from 1949 onwards) received 49.5% of the votes, CDU 34.1%, LDPD 12.5% and VdgB 3.9%. In February 1947, the state-constitution was adopted. However, all resolutions by the parliament were made subject to approval of the SMAD. After the foundation of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) in October 1949, a second election for the Landtag was held in October 1950. The only party was the National Front, an alliance of political parties and mass organisations controlled by the SED, which received 99.9% of the votes. Following this election, it became the first and only time that four members of the Landtag were send to the Chamber of States of the GDR. As the ruling communists aimed to build a quasi-unitary state, the state was dissolved by a change of the Constitution of East Germany in July 1952. All of the five Länder were replaced by 14 newly formed Bezirke. In case of Brandenburg, the territory was transferred to the Bezirke Neubrandenburg, Rostock and Schwerin. The abolishment of the Chamber of States in 1958 and two ratifications of the constitution in 1968 and 1974 finally eliminate all kinds of federalism in the GDR until the peaceful revolution in 1989. After the first free elections in the GDR, the five Länder were re-established with some smaller geographical adjustments in August 1990 to accede to the Federal Republic of Germany.	Land Mecklenburg Land Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (1945-1947) Subdivision of the Soviet occupation zone State of East Germany 1945–1952 Flag Coat of arms Mecklenburg within Allied-occupied Germany in 1947 Capital Rostock Area   • 1946 23,402 km2 (9,036 sq mi) • 1950 23,402 km2 (9,036 sq mi) Population   • 1946 2,100,000 Government President of the State Administration   • 1945-1946 Wilhelm Höcker Minister-President   • 1946-1951 Wilhelm Höcker • 1951 Kurt Bürger • 1951-1952 Bernhard Quandt Legislature Landtag Historical era Post-World War II Cold War • Established 9 July 1945 • Declaration as state 16 January 1947 • State of East Germany 7 October 1949 • Disestablished 25 July 1952 Preceded by Succeeded by Mecklenburg (1934-1945) Province of Pomerania (1815–1945) Province of Hanover Province of Schleswig-Holstein Bezirk Neubrandenburg Bezirk Rostock Bezirk Schwerin Today part of Brandenburg Lower Saxony Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Thuringia (1945-1952) The State of Thuringia (German: Land Thüringen) was a subdivision of the Soviet occupation zone (until 1949) and state of East Germany (from 1949) which corresponds widely to the present-day German state Thuringia. It was formed in June 1945 by the US Military Government in Germany as Thuringia was completely occupied by US troops at the time of the German unconditional surrender. Following the decisions at the Yalta Conference, this territory became rapidly under leadership of the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAD) in July 1945. The state was mainly a re-establishment of the Free State of Thuringia in its borders of 1944 (including the government district Erfurt from the former Province of Saxony and the Landkreis Herrschaft Schmalkalden from the Province of Hesse-Nassau), excluding the exclaves south and west from the Inner German border: Allstedt (to Saxony-Anhalt), Ostheim (to Bavaria) and some small parts to Lower Saxony. A transfer of territory was also carried out with the Province of Kurhessen which later became part of Greater Hesse following the Wanfried agreement. Compared to the administrative divisions of Nazi Germany, it comprised the Gaue Thuringia and small parts of Electoral Hesse. Differences of borders between 1947 and 1990 Due to the post-war situation in Germany, the state administrations in all subdivisions of the occupation zones were appointed. In the short period during the US occupation, Hermann Brill became the president of the state administration in Thuringia. His successor became Rudolf Paul, who was elected later to the Minister-President. The first election for the Landtag of Thuringia was held on 20 October 1946, on the same day the elections for the Landtage of the other divisions in the SBZ had been ruled out. The Soviet-backed SED (which became the ruling party of the GDR from 1949 onwards) received 49.3% of the votes, LDPD 28.5%, CDU 18.9% and VdgB 3.3%. After Paul escaped to the US occupation zone in 1947, Werner Eggerath became the second Minister-President. In December 1946, the state-constitution was adopted. However, all resolutions by the parliament were made subject to approval of the SMAD. After the foundation of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) in October 1949, a second election for the Landtag was held in October 1950. The only party was the National Front, an alliance of political parties and mass organisations controlled by the SED, which received 99.1% of the votes. Following this election, it became the first and only time that six members of the Landtag were send to the Chamber of States of the GDR. As the ruling communists aimed to build a quasi-unitary state, the state was dissolved by a change of the Constitution of East Germany in July 1952. All of the five Länder were replaced by 14 newly formed Bezirke. In case of Saxony, the territory was transferred to the Bezirke Erfurt, Gera, Leipzig and Suhl. The abolishment of the Chamber of States in 1958 and two ratifications of the constitution in 1968 and 1974 finally eliminate all kinds of federalism in the GDR until the peaceful revolution in 1989. After the first free elections in the GDR, the five Länder were re-established with some smaller geographical adjustments in August 1990 to accede to the Federal Republic of Germany.	Land Thüringen Subdivision of the Soviet occupation zone State of East Germany 1945–1952 Flag Coat of arms Thuringia within Allied-occupied Germany in 1947 Capital Weimar (1945-1950) Erfurt (1950-1952) Area   • 1950 15,585 km2 (6,017 sq mi) Population   • 1950 2,837,600 Government President of the State Administration   • 1945 Hermann Brill • 1945-1946 Rudolf Paul Minister-President   • 1946-1947 Rudolf Paul • 1947-1952 Werner Eggerath Legislature Landtag Historical era Post-World War II Cold War • Established 9 June 1945 • Became part of the Soviet occupation zone 9 July 1945 • Declaration as state 20 December 1946 • State of East Germany 7 October 1949 • Disestablished 25 July 1952 Preceded by Succeeded by Thuringia Province of Kurhessen Bezirk Erfurt Bezirk Gera Bezirk Leipzig Bezirk Suhl Today part of Saxony Saxony-Anhalt Thuringia
Saxony (1945-1952) The State of Saxony (German: Land Sachsen) was a subdivision of the Soviet occupation zone (until 1949) and state of East Germany (from 1949) which corresponds widely to the present-day German state Saxony. It was formed as administrative division by the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAD) in July 1945 as a re-establishment of the Free State of Saxony, despite the Eastern parts of the Landkreis Zittau behind the Oder-Neisse-Line (today Zgorzelec County). In return, Saxony gained North-western territories of the former Prussian Province of Lower Silesia (Upper Lusatia) and some small parts of Thuringia. Compared to the administrative divisions of Nazi Germany, it comprised the Gaue Saxony and small parts of Lower Silesia and Thuringia. Differences of borders between 1947 and 1990 Due to the post-war situation in Germany, the SMAD appointed state administrations in all subdivisions of their occupation zone in July 1945. Rudolf Friedrichs became the president of the state administration in Saxony and was elected later to the Minister-President. The first election for the Landtag of Saxony-Anhalt was held on 20 October 1946, on the same day the elections for the Landtage of the other divisions in the SBZ had been ruled out. The Soviet-backed SED (which became the ruling party of the GDR from 1949 onwards) received 49.1% of the votes, LDPD 24.7%, CDU 23.3% and VdgB 2.9%. After the death of Friedrichs in 1947, Max Seydewitz became the second Minister-President. In February 1947, the state-constitution was adopted. However, all resolutions by the parliament were made subject to approval of the SMAD. After the foundation of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) in October 1949, a second election for the Landtag was held in October 1950. The only party was the National Front, an alliance of political parties and mass organisations controlled by the SED, which received 99.8% of the votes. Following this election, it became the first and only time that eleven members of the Landtag were send to the Chamber of States of the GDR. As the ruling communists aimed to build a quasi-unitary state, the state was dissolved by a change of the Constitution of East Germany in July 1952. All of the five Länder were replaced by 14 newly formed Bezirke. In case of Saxony, the territory was transferred to the Bezirke Cottbus, Halle, Leipzig and Magdeburg. The abolishment of the Chamber of States in 1958 and two ratifications of the constitution in 1968 and 1974 finally eliminate all kinds of federalism in the GDR until the peaceful revolution in 1989. After the first free elections in the GDR, the five Länder were re-established with some smaller geographical adjustments in August 1990 to accede to the Federal Republic of Germany.	Land Sachsen Subdivision of the Soviet occupation zone State of East Germany 1945–1952 Flag Coat of arms Saxony within Allied-occupied Germany in 1947 Capital Dresden Area   • 1950 17,004 km2 (6,565 sq mi) Population   • 1950 5,682,800 Government President of the State Administration   • 1945-1946 Rudolf Friedrichs Minister-President   • 1946-1947 Rudolf Friedrichs • 1947-1952 Max Seydewitz Legislature Landtag Historical era Post-World War II Cold War • Established 9 July 1945 • Declaration as state 28 February 1947 • State of East Germany 7 October 1949 • Disestablished 25 July 1952 Preceded by Succeeded by Saxony Province of Lower Silesia Thuringia Bezirk Chemnitz Bezirk Cottbus Bezirk Dresden Bezirk Leipzig Today part of Brandenburg Saxony Thuringia
Saxony-Anhalt (1945-1952) The State of Saxony-Anhalt (German: Land Sachsen-Anhalt) was a subdivision of the Soviet occupation zone (until 1949) and state of East Germany (from 1949) which corresponds widely to the present-day German state Saxony-Anhalt. After the retreatment of the US troops from the Western parts - following the agreements of the Yalta Conference - it was formed as administrative division Province of Saxony(German: Provinz Sachsen) by the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAD) in July 1945. The province was a re-establishment of the Province of Saxony which existed in Prussia from 1816 to 1944. On 1 July 1944, the Province of Saxony was divided along the lines of its three government districts of Halle-Merseburg (became province), Magdeburg (became province) and Erfurt (became part of Thuringia). The two provinces became part of the new state including small parts of Thuringia (Allstedt) and Soviet-occupied parts of Anhalt (Dessau) and Brunswick (surrounding areas of Calvörde and Blankenburg). Following the first election for the Landtag in October 1946, the state was renamed to Province of Saxony-Anhalt (German: Provinz Sachsen-Anhalt) on the same day. With the abolition of Prussia in February 1947, it was named State of Saxony-Anhalt. Compared to the administrative divisions of Nazi Germany, it comprised the Gaue Magdeburg-Anhalt, Halle-Merseburg and small parts of Southern Hanover-Brunswick and Thuringia. Differences of borders between 1947 and 1990 Due to the post-war situation in Germany, the SMAD appointed state administrations in all subdivisions of their occupation zone in July 1945. Erhard Hübener became the president of the state administration in Saxony-Anhalt was elected later to the Minister-President. The first election for the Landtag of Saxony-Anhalt was held on 20 October 1946, on the same day the elections for the Landtage of the other divisions in the SBZ had been ruled out. The Soviet-backed SED (which became the ruling party of the GDR from 1949 onwards) received 45.8% of the votes, LDPD 29.9%, CDU 21.8% and VdgB 2.4%. After the withdrawal of Hübener in 1949, Werner Bruschke became the second Minister-President. In February 1947, the state-constitution was adopted. However, all resolutions by the parliament were made subject to approval of the SMAD. After the foundation of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) in October 1949, a second election for the Landtag was held in October 1950. The only party was the National Front, an alliance of political parties and mass organisations controlled by the SED, which received 99.8% of the votes. Following this election, it became the first and only time that eight members of the Landtag were send to the Chamber of States of the GDR. As the ruling communists aimed to build a quasi-unitary state, the state was dissolved by a change of the Constitution of East Germany in July 1952. All of the five Länder were replaced by 14 newly formed Bezirke. In case of Saxony-Anhalt, the territory was transferred to the Bezirke Cottbus, Halle, Leipzig and Magdeburg. The abolishment of the Chamber of States in 1958 and two ratifications of the constitution in 1968 and 1974 finally eliminate all kinds of federalism in the GDR until the peaceful revolution in 1989. After the first free elections in the GDR, the five Länder were re-established with some smaller geographical adjustments in August 1990 to accede to the Federal Republic of Germany.	Land Sachsen-Anhalt Provinz Sachsen-Anhalt (1946-1947) Provinz Sachsen (1945-1946) Subdivision of the Soviet occupation zone State of East Germany 1945–1952 Flag Coat of arms Saxony-Anhalt within Allied-occupied Germany in 1947 Capital Halle (Saale) Area   • 1950 24,576 km2 (9,489 sq mi) Government President of the State Administration   • 1945-1946 Erhard Hübener Minister-President   • 1946-1949 Erhard Hübener • 1949-1952 Werner Bruschke Legislature Landtag Historical era Post-World War II Cold War • Established 17 July 1945 • Declaration as state 10 January 1947 • Abolition of Prussia 25 February 1947 • State of East Germany 7 October 1949 • Disestablished 25 July 1952 Preceded by Succeeded by Province of Halle-Merseburg Province of Magdeburg Free State of Anhalt Free State of Brunswick Thuringia Bezirk Cottbus Bezirk Halle Bezirk Leipzig Bezirk Magdeburg Today part of Brandenburg Saxony Saxony-Anhalt Thuringia