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Netherlands fallacy

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The Netherlands fallacy refers to the false assumption that the environmental impacts of the Netherlands and other rich nations are contained within their national borders^[1]. Coined by Paul R. Ehrlich and John Holdren in their 1971 article, “Impact of Population Growth”.

Environmentalists since the late 20th century have analyzed the environmental sink status and sink capacities of poor nations. As polluting industries migrate from rich to poor nations, the national ecological footprint of rich nations shrinks, whereas the international ecological footprint may increase or also decrease. The nature of the fallacy is to ignore increasing environmental damage in many developing nations and in international waters attributable to the imported goods or changes in the economy of such nations directly due to developed nations^[2].

Such an approach may lead to incorrect assertions such as the environmental impact of a particular developed country is reducing, when a holistic, international approach suggests the opposite. This may in turn support over-optimistic predictions toward the improvement of global environmental conditions.^[3]

The Netherlands has contributed to many water footprints around the world by importing water from vulnerable countries. This imported water is typically used in agricultural and industrial production processes to supply the demands of Dutch consumers. As a result, water exported to the Netherlands by developing nations burgeons a pre-existing, regional issue of water scarcity to the countries involved.^[4]

^ Clement, Matthew Thomas; Pattison, Andrew; Habans, Robby (2017-12-01). "Scaling down the "Netherlands Fallacy": a local-level quantitative study of the effect of affluence on the carbon footprint across the United States". Environmental Science & Policy. 78: 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2017.09.001. ISSN 1462-9011.
^ Redclift, M. R.; Woodgate, Graham (2010-01-01). The International Handbook of Environmental Sociology. Edward Elgar Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84980-552-0.
^ Ehrlich & Ehrlich 1990, pp. 39, 269.
^ van Oel, P.R.; Mekonnen, M.M.; Hoekstra, A.Y. (2009-11). "The external water footprint of the Netherlands: Geographically-explicit quantification and impact assessment". Ecological Economics. 69 (1): 82–92. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.07.014. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

[1] Clement, Matthew Thomas; Pattison, Andrew; Habans, Robby (2017-12-01). "Scaling down the "Netherlands Fallacy": a local-level quantitative study of the effect of affluence on the carbon footprint across the United States". Environmental Science & Policy. 78: 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2017.09.001. ISSN 1462-9011.

[2] Redclift, M. R.; Woodgate, Graham (2010-01-01). The International Handbook of Environmental Sociology. Edward Elgar Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84980-552-0.

[FOOTNOTEEhrlichEhrlich199039,_269-3] Ehrlich & Ehrlich 1990, pp. 39, 269.

[4] van Oel, P.R.; Mekonnen, M.M.; Hoekstra, A.Y. (2009-11). "The external water footprint of the Netherlands: Geographically-explicit quantification and impact assessment". Ecological Economics. 69 (1): 82–92. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.07.014. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

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