User:Beyond My Ken/Clearing the decks

I was curious about how often I cleared my talk page, and how loaded it was at the time:

26 January 2024 - 63,449
11 June 2023 - 23,771
24 April 2023 - 34,725
7 February 2023 - 41,091
19 November 2022 - 68,801
4 February 2022 - 41,605
15 August 2021 - 11,768
4 July 2021 - 31,901
21 May 2021 - 27, 207
28 April 2021 - 29,841
24 March 2021 - 6,253‎) 114,578 (obviously should have waited a day or so)
22 March 2021 - 108,325)
1 February 2021 - 53,889
5 December 2020 - 60,650
28 July 2020 - 184,043‎
20 May 2020 - 61,323‎
19 February 2020 - 50,559‎
28 September 2019 - 63,853
27 August 2019 - 69,342
19 July 2019 - 78,971
7 March 2019 - 17,709
23 February 2019 - 70,891
17 December 2018 - 92,038
23 September 2018 - 133,097
19 June 2018 - 124,501
2 April 2018 - 50,114
17 February 2018 - 168,257
16 November 2017 - 66,994
31 August 2017 - 31,308
22 August 2017 - 102,874
28 March 2017 - 19,935
13 March 2017 - 73,544
18 January 2017 - 78,190
11 August 2016 - 82,883
12 June 2016 - 49,384
2 May 2016 - 57,596
28 March 2016 - 56,340
14 February 2016 - 58,972
2 January 2016 - 69,464
25 November 2015 - 55,440
20 October 2015 - 74,387
15 September 2015 - 86,528
27 July 2015 - 46,346
26 June 2015 - 84,314
2 May 2015 - 43,434
17 April 2015 - 83,588
27 February 2015 - 69,728
3 January 2015 - 46,136
22 October 2014 - 80,933
1 July 2014 - 123,308
14 May 2014 - 89,932
6 April 2014 - 78,561
27 January 2014 - 7,743 + 1,902 = 9,645
24 January 2014 - 18,970
22 January 2014 - 47,015
5 January 2014 - 83,241
24 November 2013 - 103,300
8 October 2013 - 67,172
4 August 2013 - 130,816
9 April 2013 - 28,857
28 March 2103 - 84,116
23 January 2013 - 77,829
27 December 2012 - 63,706
26 November 2012 - 103,315
13 September 2012 - 74,387
2 August 2012 - 35,682
19 June 2012 - 51,807
3 May 2012 - 90,252
30 January 2012 - 61,123
3 January 2012 - 28,801
9 December 2011 - 21,382
13 November 2011 - 43,641
29 September 2011 - 21,282
7 September 2011 - 42,600
4 August 2011 - 39,240
17 June 2011 - 42,535
7 May 2011 - 23,871
23 April 2011 - 54,178
22 February 2011 - 51,896
25 January 2011 - 56,389
18 December 2010 - 27,713
9 November 2010 - 40,507
29 October 2010 - 34,518
12 October 2010 - 6,859
11 October 2010 - 10,458
4 October 2010 - 16,465
23 September 2010 - 42,484
6 August 2010 - 16,576
4 August 2010 - 15,060
26 July 2010 - 24,629
4 July 2010 - 37,393
16 June 2010 - 12,062
30 May 2010 - 16,821
13 May 2010 - 31,119
31 March 2010 - 35,987
14 March 2010 - 63,137

_________________________________

If you came here to complain about a revert I made to an edit of yours, and I did not provide an edit summary, please assume that the edit summary would have been "Not an improvement" or "Better before."
If I thought your edit was vandalism, I would not have used "Undo", I would have used "Rollback".
If I reverted your edit, and asked you to discuss it on the article talk page, please initiate the discussion there, so that all interested editors can participate. This user page is not the appropriate place for such discussions to take place.
Of course, if you came to have a quick word about something I screwed up, or just to check in or chat, this is the place!
Thanks, BMK

Salus populi suprema lex esto.
(Cicero: De Legibus)
"The health of the people should be the highest law."

We're here to build an encyclopedia. Anything which helps us do that is useful, and anything which gets in the way of that is counter-productive.
Every decision made at every level on Wikipedia should reflect this basic truth.
(On Wikipedia, the health of the encyclopedia should be the highest law.)

BMK is attempting to hold himself to a 2RR limit. Please contact him if you see him going past that.

There is community consensus for the following pledges made by Beyond My Ken:

BMK will put all article images within the section they relate to whenever and wherever possible.

When another editor disputes BMK's judgement whether it is or isn't possible to put an image inside the relevant section, he will defer to their decision.

Beyond My Ken has also agreed that failure to stick to the above pledges may be enforced by blocks.

If I left you a message, please answer on your talk page, as I will be watching it.

If you leave me a message, I will answer on my talk page, so please add it to your watchlist.

Please click here to leave me a new message.

...

________________________________

Talk page header

When determining what course of action should be taken about a disruptive, tendentious or bothersome editor, the primary concern – more important than precedents, consistency, fairness or even AGF – is which option will best serve the building of an encyclopedia.

Beyond My Ken

"[Internet trolls] are characterized by personality traits that fall in the so-called Dark Tetrad: Machiavellianism (willingness to manipulate and deceive others), narcissism (egotism and self-obsession), psychopathy (the lack of remorse and empathy), and sadism (pleasure in the suffering of others)."

Chris Mooney
"Internet Trolls Really Are Horrible People"
Slate (February 14, 2014)
citing research by Erin E. Buckels, Paul D. Trapnellb and Delroy L. Paulhusc

We all tend to take Wikipedia much too seriously. It's certainly important to provide a free first-class online encyclopedia for the public, and no one can dispute how central Wikipedia has become to people searching for accurate, unbiased information, but there's little excuse for the bitterness, in-fighting and bitchiness with which many people approach editing here, which makes the experience difficult and unpleasant at times. I am generally in favor of removing the worst of those transgressors permanently, which, of course, leaves me open to the charge of not assuming good faith. Actually, I have little trouble assuming good faith, I simply refuse to keep the assumption alive in the face of evidence of misbehavior.

Beyond My Ken

"Beware of the 'innocent' man who plays his part too well."

Old theatrical proverb
(made up by me)

"Having an open mind doesn't mean you have to let your brains fall out."

James Oberg (paraphrased)
via Carl Sagan's The Demon-Haunted World (1995)

"A sense of humor is just common sense, dancing."

William James (attributed)

"He used . . . sarcasm.
Oh, he knew all the tricks, dramatic irony, metaphor,
bathos, puns, parody, litotes and satire."

"The Piranha Brothers"
Monty Python's Flying Circus
Episode 14, "Face the Press"
(15 September 1970)

"A common mistake that people make when trying to design something completely foolproof
is to underestimate the ingenuity of complete fools."

Douglas Adams
Mostly Harmless
(1992)

Wikipedia is a project to create and improve an online encyclopedia which is as accurate and as useful to its readers as possible. It is not an MMORPG, a debating society or an experiment to create the ideal online community. Activities which do not, in some direct or closely indirect way, contribute to that goal are a waste of the project's resources and should be minimized as much as possible.

Beyond My Ken

- Learn the lesson that collectively, Wikipedia doesn't want to be saved, it's not even very concerned about being fixed. It is quite happy being what it is, flawed or not.
- Most importantly: Stay uninvolved, learn not to care.

Beyond My Ken
excerpt from "A personal prescription for surviving Wikipedia"

Waiting for "R" to arrive...

PUBLIC NOTICE
Wikipedian looking for new members for activist left-wing cabal to keep Wikipedia Marxist-Leninist-Maoist and pure. No one to the right of Trotsky need apply. Send writing samples and pre-signed blank confessions to:
Wikipedia Spartacus League
Democrat Party Headquarters Building
Ché Guerva Suite
1917 Hillary Clinton Hero of the Great October Socialist Revolution Drive
Pyongyang,
Democratic People's Republic of Massachusetts
Att: Beyond My Commie

...but wait, "R" is busy! Could he be blogging? Good work, "R"!

If I left you a message, please answer on your talk page, as I will be watching it.

If you leave me a message, I will answer on my talk page, so please add it to your watchlist.

My notifications are turned off, so "pinging" me will not get my attention.

Please note that the title of any comment posted here may be altered at my discretion. One thing you can do to prevent this from happening is to make your comment titles short and succinct. Comments themselves may be deleted when I feel it's warranted, but, in accordance with policy, will not have their meanings changed.

A word of warning: I'm not here to validate you. If your contributions to Wikipedia suck, I'm not going to slap on a pair of rose-colored glasses and tell you what great potential you have for the future, I'm going to tell you your work sucked, why it sucked, and what you can do it make it not suck in the future. Spades will be called spades, and words will be pointed and direct; I will not pussyfoot around your deficits. For those unfamiliar with the concept, this is called "honesty."
If, on the other hand, your work on Wikipedia has been productive and helpful, and your comments intelligent and perceptive, you will have my help, my trust and my collegial respect, which will be difficult for you to lose.

Please click here to leave me a new message.

______________________________________________________ Top of talk page March 7, 2019

It is The Reader that we should consider on each and every edit we make to Wikipedia.

No paid editing

MOS is not mandatory
(see User:Ritchie333/MOS for Dummies)

(Life is too short!)

A HORSE
(crowd-sourced)

Always do what's best for the encyclopedia

...

Articles that need serious visual work

Degenerate art - a mess
~~Lock Haven, Pennsylvania - because it's an FA, no one is allowed to improve it by the article owner, Finetooth~~
Footlight Parade - not really shitty, but needs cleanup
Black Sea - a mess
Nazi salute - postage stamps
Hôtel de Sully -- gallery is a mess

Reminder: to work on

Flapper - review for writing, order
A Matter of Life and Death
Yiddish Theatre District
This Is Not A Theatre Company
Hollywood blacklist - re: The Front
Seven Summits - badly organized
The Leatherman - copyedit
Irvington Historic District (Irvington, New York) - further research and expand into sep article, if possible
Train graveyard - lots of material out there to expand this
~~Rise Above Movement - convert from redirect into article~~
"Soy boy" - Alt-right conspiracy theory re: soy beans turning men into wimps (see Salon article)

______________________________________________ Talk page editnotice March 7, 2008

It is The Reader that we should consider on each and every edit we make to Wikipedia.

"[Beyond My Ken is] the worst thing to ever happen to Wikipedia."
_____________________

If you came here to complain about a revert I made to an edit of yours, and I did not provide an edit summary, please assume that the edit summary would have been "Not an improvement" or "Better before." If I thought your edit was vandalism, I would not have used "Undo", I would have used "Rollback".

If I reverted your edit, and asked you to discuss it on the article talk page, please initiate the discussion there, so that all interested editors can participate. This user page is not the appropriate place for such discussions to take place.

Thanks, BMK
_____________________

Please note that I am not an admin. ("Never have been, never will be."^TM)

______________________________________________________ User page March 7, 2019

code thoughts backstory pics editcount

Christ you know it ain't easy
You know how hard it can be
The way things are going
They're going to crucify me

The Ballad of John and Yoko
song by John Lennon
(single, May 1969)

Cite book

| name-list-style=

Add archive banner/box

{{Archive banner}}
{{archive box|auto=yes}}

Auto-archiving

{{Auto archiving notice|bot=Lowercase sigmabot III|age=1|units=month}}

Template state control

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Columns

{{Div col|colwidth=XXem]}}

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or

{{col-begin|width= [auto OR 60%] }}{{col-break}}

{{col-end}}

Uploading posters

{{Non-free use rationale
|Article=
|Description=theatrical release film poster
|Source=
|Portion=full
|Resolution=low, width is under 300px, large enough to display in articles, but not so large as to intrude on the rights of the copyright holder
|Purpose = to illustrate the film in the article's infobox
|Replaceability= any other image would have the same copyright status
|other_information=
}}

{{Non-free poster|image has rationale=yes}}

Navbox shell

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{{Navboxes
|title=Articles and topics related to {{PAGENAME}}
|state=collapsed
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}}

Sucession box shell

{| class="navbox collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
|-
! style="background:#ccf;"|Titles and Succession
|-
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|}

Photos in cast sections

{{stack|[[(file)]]}}

Copied

{{Copied |from= |from_oldid= |to= |diff= }}

Talk page request

{{u|xxxxxxx}}, can you please explain why you reverted [xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx this edit] of mine.  What about it did you find objectionable?  Thank you. ~~~~

Film infobox

{{Infobox Film
| name           = 
| image          = 
| image_size     = 
| caption        = 
| director       = 
| producer       = 
| writer         = 
| screenplay     = 
| story          = 
| based on       = <!-- {{based on|title|writer}} -->
| narrator       = 
| starring       = 
| music          = 
| cinematography = 
| editing        = 
| studio         = 
| distributor    = 
| released       = <!-- {{Film date|Y|M|D|''Place''}} -->
| country        = 
| language       = 
| budget         = 
| gross          = 
}}

Actor infobox

{{Infobox Actor
| name            = 
| image           = 
| imagesize       =
| caption         = 
| birthname       = 
| birthdate       = 
| birthplace      = 
| deathdate       = 
| deathplace      = 
| othername       = 
| occupation      = 
| yearsactive     = 
| spouse          = 
| domesticpartner = 
}}

Nesting footnotes

Mary<ref>Bloggs, 1981.</ref> had a little lamb.{{refn|group=lower-alpha|Mary's possessions are on record.<ref>Book, 1949.</ref>}}  Its fleece was white as snow.<ref>Scroggs, 1983.</ref>

====Notes====
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

====References====
{{reflist}}

Fake headers

{{fake header|level=3|
Xxxxx}}

Quotebox

{{quotebox
|quote='''
|author=—'''
|source=
|align=right
|width=30%
|style=padding:8px;
|fontsize = 105%
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}}

YouTube downloads

goto folder, shift-right click on empty space, open powershell


video: 
youtube-dl <URL> -f bestvideo[ext=mp4]+bestaudio[ext=m4a]


audio: 
youtube-dl <URL> -x --audio-format mp3

Adding unsourced information

==[[ ]]==

Please do not add unsourced information to Wikipedia articles, as you did to this article.  Information added to Wikipedia must satisfy [[WP:V]] and be verifiable through the addition of citations to [[WP:RS|reliable sources]].  Information which is unsourced is subject to removal at any time, and '''''must not''''' be restored without proper sourcing. ~~~~

Brescia LTA

==Long-term abuser==
This IP is most probably the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Beyond_My_Ken/Brescia_LTA Brescia LTA]. ~~~~

Neutral pointers

*'''<small>Neutral pointers to this discussion have been placed on the talk pages of the WikiProjects listed above. <u>Notification of individual editors is to be avoided per [[WP:CANVASSING]].</u> ~~~~</small>'''

Check mark

[[File:Yes check.svg|20px]] '''Done'''

Paid contributor tag

==Paid contributions tag==

A paid editor made contributions to this article, and has disclosed that fact on this page, therefore the paid contributions template is a matter of fact and does not require discussion. ~~~~

NYC landmark

| designated_other2_name = NYC Landmark
| designated_other2_pos  = bottom
| designated_other2_date = XXXX
| designated_other2_abbr = NYCL
| designated_other2_link = New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission
| designated_other2_color = #FFE978


==See also==
*[[List of New York City Landmarks]]
*[[National Register of Historic Places listings in New York County, New York]]


{{New York City Historic Sites|state=collapsed}}
{{National Register of Historic Places in New York|state=collapsed}}

URLs for NYCLPC designation reports

http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/lp/XXXX.pdf

BRD

==[[ ]]==

Hi. I have reverted an edit of yours on this article, and would like to remind you about [[WP:BRD]].  When your '''''B'''''old edit has been '''''R'''''everted by another editor, the recommended next step, if you continue to think the edit is necessary, is to '''''D'''''iscuss the dispute on the article talk page with other editors, but not to re-revert it, which is the first step to [[WP:EW|edit warring]], a [[WP:Disruptive editing|disruptive activity]] which is not allowed.  Discussion on the talk page is the only way we have of reaching [[WP:CONSENSUS|consensus]], which is central to resolving editing disputes in an amicable and collegial manner, which is why [[WP:ENGAGE|communicating your concerns to your fellow editors is essential]].  While the discussion is going on, the article generally should remain in the ''status quo ante'' until the consensus as to what to do is reached (see [[WP:STATUSQUO]]).

Please remember that as the person attempting to make a change to the article, the [[WP:ONUS]] is on you to justify the change, and to get a consensus if it is disputed; and again, please do not edit war.

To help move things along, I have started a discussion on the article talk page about the disputed edit, which you will find [XXXXX here].  Please take the opportunity to make your views known there.  It is best not to restore the material you added until there is a consensus among the editors there to do so. Thanks, ~~~~

MOS

==[[ ]]==

Hi.  Thank you for your edit pointing out parts of the above article which you feel do not adhere to the [[WP:Manual of Style]] (MOS).  I'm sure that you are aware that MOS is not a mandatory Wikipedia '''''policy''''', it is instead a non-mandatory '''''guideline to editing'''''. At the top of every MOS page you will find the following information: 

<blockquote>This [[Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines#guide|guideline]] is a part of the English Wikipedia's Manual of Style. It is a generally accepted standard that editors should attempt to follow, though it is best treated with [[Wikipedia:What "Ignore all rules" means#Use common sense|common sense]], and [[Wikipedia:Ignore all rules|occasional exceptions]] may apply.</blockquote> 

You have come across some of those common sense exceptions, which I'll be happy to explain to you on the article's talk page, where they can be discussed, and other editors can weigh in with their opinions about whether these particular exceptions are acceptable or not.  Through that discussion, [[WP:ENGAGE|which is an essential part of the Wikipedia process]], the editors can reach a [[WP:CONSENSUS|consensus]] about what should be done.  Please take the opportunity of going to the talk page and taking part in that discussion.  Thanks, ~~~~

Request move

{{db-move|<!--page to be moved here-->|<!--reason for move-->}}

Swapping two pages, preserving history (round-robin)

Move page TARGET (CURRENT REDIRECT) to the title TEMP (previously non-existing)

NO REDIRECT

Move page CURRENT to the title TARGET (allowed because A is evacuated)

NO REDIRECT

Move page TEMP to the title CURRENT (allowed because B is evacuated)

REDIRECT IF USEFUL

Warning to Broadway Hoaxer

This IP's edits are consistent with [[Wikipedia:Long-term abuse/Broadway Hoaxer]], therefore the warnings given are for persistent hoax/vandalism.

Re: 

{{subst:uw-hoax}} ~~~~

{{subst:uw-v4}} ~~~~

 	
{{IPsock|Broadway Hoaxer}}

Warning to Voice Cast Vandal

This IP's edits are consistent with [[Wikipedia:Long-term abuse/Voice Cast Vandal]], therefore the warnings given are for persistent hoax/vandalism.

Re: 

{{subst:uw-hoax}} ~~~~

{{subst:uw-v4}} ~~~~

 	
{{IPsock|Voice Cast Vandal}}

Paid editing

== Considering your history of contributions here... ==

...I need to ask you this direct question:

Are you paid for your editing on Wikipedia by the companies you write about, or any companies associated with them?

If so, you need to be aware of this:

The [http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Terms_of_Use Wikimedia Foundation Terms of Use] (which is '''''our''''' Terms of Use, since we've never adopted another one), says: <blockquote> <u>'''Paid contributions without disclosure</u>{{parabr}}These Terms of Use prohibit engaging in deceptive activities, including misrepresentation of affiliation, impersonation, and fraud. As part of these obligations, you must disclose your employer, client, and affiliation with respect to any contribution for which you receive, or expect to receive, compensation. You must make that disclosure in at least one of the following ways:

*'''a statement on your user page,'''
*'''a statement on the talk page accompanying any paid contributions, or'''
*'''a statement in the edit summary accompanying any paid contributions.'''

'''Applicable law, or community and Foundation policies and guidelines, such as those addressing conflicts of interest, may further limit paid contributions or require more detailed disclosure.{{parabr}}A Wikimedia Project community may adopt an alternative paid contribution disclosure policy. If a Project adopts an alternative disclosure policy, you may comply with that policy instead of the requirements in this section when contributing to that Project. An alternative paid contribution policy will only supersede these requirements if it is approved by the relevant Project community and listed in the alternative disclosure policy page.{{parabr}}For more information, please read our FAQ on disclosure of paid contributions.{{parabr}}We reserve the right to exercise our enforcement discretion with respect to the above terms.'''</blockquote> If you are a paid editor, you '''''must''''' comply with these terms, '''''as well as with''''' our English Wikipedia-specific policy on [[WP:COI|editing with a conflict of interest]].  This is not a matter for debate, it's part of the contract you agree to by editing here.

So, again, a <u>direct answer please</u>: do you get paid for editing here?

Soft warning to possible trolls or vandals

Hi. One of our cardinal principles here is that we should, whenever possible, [[WP:AGF|"assume good faith"]] of other editors. In this spirit, I'm going to assume that you were unaware that the username you chose, "XXXXXXXXX", is sending up flares which announce "I am not here to improve the encyclopedia, I am probably a troll or a vandal." Given that, you might want to consider a different username.{{parabr}}I'll be standing by if you need help, watching your edits to make sure that, as a "newbie", you don't have any problems. ~~~~

Blocked and banned

==People who are blocked or banned from Wikipedia...==
...cannot edit here no matter what identity or IP they use. Your edits have all been reverted. ~~~~

User:Daniel C. Boyer

Regarding [(DIFF HERE) this], a reminder that you are indefinitely blocked from editing Wikipedia, in furtherance of a community-imposed site ban, and that, further, you are "topic banned from creating, editing, or attempting to delete articles about [your]self. Furthermore, [you are] banned from inserting [your] presence into other articles as well as banned from removing [your] presence from other articles. Any edit that appears to be WP:PROMOTIONAL about [your]self is to be considered a violation of this topic ban." ~~~~

Bunting for a home run

==Hello==
I just wanted to drop you a note to let you know that you are banned from posting comments on my talk page, unless, of course, you are '''''<u>required to</u>''''' by Wikipedia '''''<u>policy</u>'''''. If you are required to post a notice on my talk page, please '''''clearly indicate <u>in the edit summary</u> what policy''''' you are doing so under.  Any other posted comments will be deleted without being read.{{parabr}}Please note that this ban also applies to pinging me.{{parabr}}Also, if you email me to get around this ban, I will assume that you are agreeing in advance that the entire contents of the e-mail can be released to anyone I wish to.{{parabr}}Thanks. ~~~~

Purge WP:RFAR

{{purge|page=Wikipedia:Arbitration/Requests}} → Purge

Addition of unsourced changes to numbers


*{{tltts|uw-number1|Remember to source changes to numbers.}}
*{{tltts|uw-number2|Please cite reliable sources for changes to numbers.}}
*{{tltts|uw-number3|Please stop making unreferenced number changes.}}
*{{tltts|uw-generic4|Final warning, stop disrupting now.}}

Waffen-SS insert

– the armed [[paramilitary]] branch of the [[Nazi Party]]'s ''[[Schutzstaffel]]'' (SS) –

No meta-discussions

In general, please do not contact me in regard to previous disputes, sanctions, blocks and bans involving other editors.  I am attempting to keep my involvement with Wikipedia and Commons on the level of creating, editing and uploading content, and trying to stay out of meta-discussions of all kinds.  I hope in this way to avoid disputes, and especially to avoid having my name brought up on ANI every couple of weeks, therefore making my Wikipedia experience more rewarding and less aggravating than it has been at times in the past. Thanks. ~~~~

Other

Edit counts

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Vandals, socks and disruptors

Note: Edit filter is 917; if disabled, 1037

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Non-free images

100,000 sq. pixels max. size, w/ 5% overrun
{{non-free no reduce}}

External image sources

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NYPL Flickr photostream - Berenice Abbott
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=====================

Censored from Right-wing populism#Definition

Roger Eatwell, Emeritus Professor of Comparative Politics at the University of Bath, writes that "[W]hilst populism and fascism differ notably ideologically, in practice the latter has borrowed aspects of populist discourse and style, and populism can degenerate into leader-oriented authoritarian and exclusionary politics."^[1] For populism to transition into fascism or proto-fascism requires a "nihilistic culture and an intractable crisis."^[2]
In regard to the authoritarian aspect of right-wing populism, political psychologist Shawn W. Rosenberg asserts that its "intellectual roots and underlying logic" are best seen as "a contemporary expression of the fascist ideologies of the early 20th century".
Guided by its roots in ideological fascism ... and its affinity to the fascist governments of 1930s Germany and Italy, [right-wing populism] tends to delegate unusual power to its leadership, more specifically its key leader. This leader embodies the will of the people, renders it clear for everyone else and executes accordingly. Thus distinctions between the leadership, the people as a whole and individuals are blurred as their will is joined in a single purpose. (p.5) ... In this political cultural conception, individuals have a secondary and somewhat derivative status. They are rendered meaningful and valued insofar as they are part of the collective, the people and the nation. Individuals are thus constituted as a mass who share a single common significant categorical quality – they are nationals, members of the nation. ... In this conception, the individual and the nation are inextricably intertwined, the line between them blurred. As suggested by philosophers of fascism ... the state is realized in the people and the people are realized in the state. It is a symbiotic relation. Individuals are realized in their manifestation of the national characteristics and by their participation in the national mission. In so doing, individuals are at once defined and valued, recognized and glorified. (p.12)^[3]

According to Rosenberg, right-wing populism accepts the primacy of "the people", but rejects liberal democracy's protection of the rights of minorities, and favors ethno-nationalism over the legal concept of the nation as a polity, with the people as its members; in general, it rejects the rule of law. All of these attributes, as well as its favoring of strong political leadership, suggest right-wing populism's fascist leanings.^[4] However, historian Federico Finchelstein in From Fascism to Populism in History states that "Properly historicized, populism is not fascism."

[P]opulism is like fascism in being a response to liberal and socialistic explanations of the poltical. And also like fascism, populism does not recognize a legitimate political place for an opposition that it regards as acting against the desires of the people and that it also accuses of being tyrannical, conspiratorial, and antidemocratic. ... The opponents are turned into public enemies, but only rhetorically. If populism moves from rhetorical emnity to practices of enemy identification and persecution, we could be talking about its transformation into fascism or another form of dictatorial repression. This has happened in the past ... and without question it could happen in the future. This morphing of populism back into fascism is always a possibility, but it is very uncommon, and when it does happen, and populism becomes fully antidemocratic, it is no longer populism.^[5]

References

^ Eatwell, Roger (2017) "Populism and Fascism" in Kaltwasser, Cristóbal Rovira;Taggart, Paul; Espejo, Paulina Ochoa; and Ostiguy, Pierre eds. The Oxford Handbook of Populism

^ Brown, Drew (October 31, 2018) "Where Does ‘Right-Wing Populism’ End, and Fascism Begin?" Vice

^ Rosenberg cites Gentile, G. (1928) The philosophic basis of fascism. Foreign Affairs, v.6, n.2 pp.290-304

^ Rosenberg, Shawn W. (2019) "Democracy Devouring Itself: The Rise of the Incompetent Citizen and the Appeal of Right Wing Populism" in Hur, Domenico Uhng and Sabucedo, José Manuel eds. (forthcoming) Psychology of Political and Everyday Extremisms

^ Federico Finchelstein, Federico (2019) From Fascism to Populism in History Berkeley, California: University of California Press. pp.5-6 ISBN 9780520309357

[1] Eatwell, Roger (2017) "Populism and Fascism" in Kaltwasser, Cristóbal Rovira;Taggart, Paul; Espejo, Paulina Ochoa; and Ostiguy, Pierre eds. The Oxford Handbook of Populism

[2] Brown, Drew (October 31, 2018) "Where Does ‘Right-Wing Populism’ End, and Fascism Begin?" Vice

[3] Rosenberg cites Gentile, G. (1928) The philosophic basis of fascism. Foreign Affairs, v.6, n.2 pp.290-304

[rosenberg-4] Rosenberg, Shawn W. (2019) "Democracy Devouring Itself: The Rise of the Incompetent Citizen and the Appeal of Right Wing Populism" in Hur, Domenico Uhng and Sabucedo, José Manuel eds. (forthcoming) Psychology of Political and Everyday Extremisms

[5] Federico Finchelstein, Federico (2019) From Fascism to Populism in History Berkeley, California: University of California Press. pp.5-6 ISBN 9780520309357

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