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User:Beland/Civilization restart


Stability of democracy

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User:Freoh says: "there's a lot wrong with this map - political boundaries are historically wrong, and colonies like Alaska are not labelled as such"

VERY INCOMPLETE LIST, PROBABLY NOT SUITABLE TO USE

Autocracies that look like democracies are a threat across the globe

Country Event Type Democracy restored
Costa Rica 1917 Costa Rican coup d'état Military coup, domestic 1919 Costa Rican general election
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes 6 January Dictatorship, when King Alexander I of Yugoslavia dismissed parliament and started ruling by decree Royal coup 1931 Yugoslav Constitution
Kingdom of Bulgaria under the Tarnovo Constitution 1934 Bulgarian coup d'état Military coup, domestic 1990 Bulgarian Constitutional Assembly election in the Republic of Bulgaria
Weimar Germany Enabling Act of 1933 Democratic backsliding 1949 Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany), German reunification (East Germany)
First Czechoslovak Republic, Second Czechoslovak Republic German occupation of Czechoslovakia Invasion Czech and Slovak Federative Republic
Kingdom of Iraq 1936 Iraqi coup d'état Military coup, domestic Iraqi Republic (1958–1968) (nominally), Iraqi Interim Government, 2004
Costa Rica Costa Rican Civil War, 1948 Military coup, domestic 1949 Constitution of Costa Rica
Republic of Cuba (1902–1959) 1952 Cuban coup d'état Military coup, domestic No
Pahlavi Iran 1953 Iranian coup d'état Military coup backed by US and UK No
Ghana 1964 Ghanaian constitutional referendum Democratic backsliding 1969 Ghanaian parliamentary election
Kingdom of Libya 1969 Libyan coup d'état Military coup, domestic 2012 General National Congress until Second Libyan Civil War
Uganda 1971 Ugandan coup d'état Military coup, domestic No
Venezuela Bolivarian Revolution Democratic backsliding No
Afghanistan Fall of Kabul (2021) Military coup, domestic No

Oldest:

Case studies of interest:

Whatever happened to

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UNCLEAR SO FAR:

YET TO RESEARCH:





Free imperial cities

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A free imperial city was a self-ruling city member of the Holy Roman Empire that was represented in the Imperial Diet.

German mediatisation - 1803 Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire - 1806 - Napoleon

Some conquered earlier.

Oligarchic, maybe some semi-enfranchised.

  1. ^ Andrew Lintott, Violence, Civil Strife and Revolution in the Classical City: 750-330 BC, Routledge, 2014, p. 66.
  2. ^ "Brief history of Novgorod". waytorussia.net. Retrieved 26 December 2007.
  3. ^ "Brief history of Novgorod". waytorussia.net. Retrieved 26 December 2007.
  4. ^ a b Carrington, Dorothy, "The Corsican Constitution of Pasquale Paoli (1755–1769)," The English Historical Review, July 1973, pp 481–503
  5. ^ a b Van de Water, Frederic Franklyn (1974). The Reluctant Republic: Vermont 1724–1791. The Countryman Press. ISBN 0-914378-02-3.
  6. ^ Henry St. Amant Bradsher, Afghanistan and the Soviet Union, Duke University Press, 1983.

Formation of monarchy

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Formation

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Monarchies may form in a number of different ways, including:

  • Conquest of neighboring lands by someone with wealth or military power
  • Coup d'état or civil war overthrowing a government where multiple people shared power

Maintenance

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When a monarch dies, there are a few systems in current use to select the next one:

In constitutional monarchies, there may be an elected parliament with the power to determine the monarch or possibly to abolish the monarchy.

How currently active monarchies formed

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By conquest

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Derived from the British monarchy

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The United Kingdom colonized many territories around the world over its long history. Starting with the United States in 1776, some obtained independence and became republics without a monarch. 15 Commonwealth realms share the same person as monarch with the United Kingdom because their monarchies branched off from the British monarchy. The Statute of Westminster 1931 established that Dominions were legislatively independent and have independent monarchies, but also established the convention that any changes to the rules of inheritance must be agreed among all the dominions. These arrangements have been upheld in the formation and maintenance of the constitutions of the current realms, and in the Perth Agreement changes, which came into effect in all realms in 2015. Brunei, Eswatini, Lesotho, Malaysia, Tonga have chosen monarchs unrelated to the United Kingdom.

By invitation

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Further information: Elective monarchy § Invitation

By election

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Further information: Elective monarchy

In exchange for land and military aid

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Co-Princes of Andorra reign in an unusual arrangement, sharing power between Bishop of Urgell and President of France, both of whom serve ex officio.

Tradition holds that Charlemagne created Andorra as a principality within the Frankish Carolingian Empire, in return for supplying troops to fight the Moors of the al-Andalus caliphate.[1] Andorra was in the Marca Hispanica, a border region between the two, and the Count of Urgell was designated overlord by Charles the Bald, Charlemagne's grandson. In 988, a descendant count, Borrell II, transferred Andorra to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Urgell (which includes Andorra and part of modern Spain) in exchange for church land in Cerdanya,[2] making the bishop the ex officio prince.

In 1095, the bishop requested military assistance (against the Count of Urgell) from the Lord of Caboet, in return signing a declaration of co-sovereignty.[3] The right of co-sovereignty passed through marriage and inheritance through the Count of Foix, the kings of Navarre, and then the King of France when King Henry III of Navarre became King Henry IV of France. The French head of state, including kings, emperors, and presidents, has held the position since, with a few interruptions.

The co-sovereignty arrangement was affirmed by Paréage of Andorra 1278, a 1607 edict from Henry IV, and the 1993 Constitution of Andorra approved by popular vote. It was interrupted several times:

References

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  1. ^ "El pas de Carlemany - Turisme Andorra la Vella". turisme.andorralavella.ad. Archived from the original on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
  2. ^ "La formació d'Andorra". Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana. Enciclopèdia Catalana. (in Catalan)
  3. ^ "Elements de la història del Principat d'Andorra" (in Catalan). Archived from the original on 9 February 2010.

Political correctness holding area

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Inclusive language

Wikipedia:Categories_for_discussion/Log/2019_June_9#Summary_of_straw_poll_and_related_discussion,_proposal


Formerly in Category:Political correctness: 

Political correctness
Cisgender
Code word (figure of speech)
Collateral damage
Color-blind casting
Common Era
Cosmic Trigger III: My Life After Death
Counterstereotype
Cultural appropriation
Damning with faint praise
Diversity (politics)
Diversity training
Euphemism
Family values
Freedom fries
Freedom of thought
Gender-blind
Hate speech
Hypatia transracialism controversy
Ideological repression
Inclusive language
Kotobagari
Language and thought
Language ideology
Language politics
Linguistic prescription
List of politically motivated renamings
Lookism
Loony left
Microaggression
Pavlovian session
People-first language
The Perils of "Privilege"
Political insult
Political socialization
Post-racial America
The Problem with a Poo
Reappropriation
Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials
Reparations (website)
Respect diversity
Safe space
Self-censorship
Self-licensing
Snowflake (slang)
Social engineering (political science)
Speech code
Spinning into Butter (film)
Suppressed research in the Soviet Union
Thought-terminating cliché
Thoughtcrime
Xenocentrism


For reasons of inclusivity of specific racial or religious groups:

For political reasons:

Offensive to conservative viewpoints:

  • Criticism of the character of military servicepersons[1]

Sometimes the use of particular language is politically controversial, such as a place name that favors one side or another in a territorial dispute. If there are egalitarian or human rights concerns associated with the controversy, liberal speakers can have a strong preferences for one term. For example, calling the country Burma instead of Myanmar might be a way of expressing solidarity with the Burmese people or opposition to the military government that ruled from 1962 to 2011 and which changed the name of the country. Referring to the city as Bombay rather than Mumbai might be considered to carry an air of colonialism, since "Bombay" is the Anglicised version used by English colonizers, whereas "Mumbai" is used in several indigenous languages. The use of the term "Native American" is popular because it emphasizes the status of being born in the Americas before Europeans, and because avoids the term "Indian" which was bestowed when Europeans who colonized and enslaved the indigenous people were confused as to whether or not they had arrived in Indies. (See Native American name controversy.)

Humor, especially insult humor and political humor, sometimes involves remarks that some people consider offensive. Depending on the context (for example, a comedy show vs. a workplace), the audience, the thoughtfulness of the comedy, and the specific implications or potential hurtfulness inflicted, such remarks may be received in good fun or may be seen as objectionable and "crossing the line".[2]

Social media have enabled people who want to criticize people who make "politically incorrect" remarks to do so immediately and directly.[2] One extreme example of online shaming of such comments is the Justine Sacco incident, in which a joke about AIDS in Africa posted before takeoff resulted in Justine Sacco losing her job by the time she landed.

Specific controversies related to political correctness include:

Any remarks seen as favoring a specific position on a controversial topic (such as abortion, gun rights, same-sex marriage, immigration) might be condemned by opponents of that position. For politicians, this can present worries about election or re-election if the constituency generally opposes the position or the votes of moderates are important. For businesses, this could result in a boycott. Such remarks might be termed "politically incorrect" in the sense that they are politically unacceptable to an important faction. Some of these positions or issues have been called the third rail of politics - anyone touching them is metaphorically electrocuted.

Dump from Category:Political correctness:

External articles:

References

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  1. ^ See for example Politically Incorrect § Controversy and cancellation
  2. ^ a b The Limits Of Political Correctness (panel discussion)

Moved here

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Photos

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MBTA Pictures

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Hey i just read your profile and saw that you arw willing to take pictures arround boston. I am currently working on the List of MBTA subway stations, I'm trying to get it to featured list status, and have realized that most stations either do not have a picture or have a bad one. If you have time and find yourself walking past a T stop, could you snap a picture and add it to the stops page? That would help alot. Thanks in advance!--Found5dollar (talk) 15:35, 11 February 2009 (UTC)

Bot/analysis

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To update

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I am currently looking for help (a perl script) to parse and separate red and blue links for various lists at Missing encyclopedic articles. I have made a request at Wikipedia:Computer_help_desk#New_cases, but it has languished for over a week. There was a script that does some of what we need it to do developed by Avar, but it only works on a few of the many lists we are currently working on. Specifically I'm looking for something that would separate and sort a list like this:

  1. Link 1 External search for link 1 Comment about link 1 with link to another article]
    Nested comment about link
    Second nested comment
  • Wrongly nested comment
  1. Link2 Notice space has been removed
  2. Link3] Malformed links with [malformed link
  1. Link4 Renumbering because of space
  2. Link 5
  3. Link 6

into a list like this

Red links

  1. Link2 Notice space has been removed
  2. Link3] Malformed links with [malformed link
  3. Link4 Renumbering because of space

Blue links

  1. Link 1 External search for link 1 Comment about link 1 with link to another article]
    Nested comment about link
    Second nested comment
    Wrongly Fixed nested comment
  2. Link 5
  3. Link 6

This is a worst case example. The current script works well, but it evaluates link by link, not line by line and so [comments] about the link would be removed.

See separting reds and blues for more comments.

Your help would be greatly appreciated. --Reflex Reaction (talk)• 22:00, 17 January 2006 (UTC)

Yet another analysis project that screams "Beland!"

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Hi - I've proposed a wikipedia wide project to find and eliminate instances within infobox-style templates of the anti-accessible technique of creating multiple visual rows withn a single row by embedding matching HTML breaks in two (or more) adjacent columns in a table, please see Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Usability#Infobox accessibility issue. So far, no one has signed up or in any way acknowledged that this is a problem worth pursuing (screw them blind folks - who needs em!). In any event, if you could whip up a little analysis program to find likely instances (difficult to be exact, but perhaps references to templates with multiple parameters whose values include an HTML break - being exact requires either looking at the rendered HTML or interpreting the template) it might help folks realize the magnitude of the problem. I'm pretty sure this is very widespread, and I've verified with a blind wikipedia user that it is a problem. If you could help, I'd appreciate it. -- Rick Block (talk) 04:13, 20 September 2006 (UTC)

I've moved the description of the problem to Wikipedia:WikiProject Usability/Infobox accessibility and started a list of likely templates for manual checking (geographical infoboxes). -- Rick Block (talk) 03:13, 21 September 2006 (UTC)

Wikipedia:Translation

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Hello,

I'm currently renovating the old Wikipedia:Translation into English. I'm on the way of porting what I've done for fr:Projet:Traduction (it's not 100% translated yet, but don't worry)

I came accross Wikipedia:Community Portal/Opentask and noticed that it fit perfectly with what I intend to do. Could we add a new task for User:Pearle :

Send me an email if you need any information.

Jmfayard 11:21, 14 November 2006 (UTC)

New (hopefully simple request

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I've noticed lots of instances where people leave out spaces after links, parenthesis, and formatting syntax - e.g. they will write things like: It was a largecreature(possibly a dinosauror a giant wombat)which lived in the cavernof woe.

Can you pull together a page of all instances in article space of:

  1. A text character followed immediately by an open parens or bracket: x( or x[
  2. A close parens followed immediately by a text character: )x
  3. A text character followed immediately by italic or bolding syntax, which is in turn followed immediately by another text character: xx or x'x

Drop me a line and let me know.

Cheers! bd2412 T 23:06, 1 April 2007 (UTC)

Pearle action request

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Hopefully I'm doing this right :) Can you use your Pearle bot to automatically put all of the articles in List of ADV releases into the category Category:ADV Films, and the ones in the list of licensed titles at Geneon#Anime licensed by Geneon USA into the category Category:Geneon? The Anime and manga project wants to get these lists into categories for better management, but not to many people are eager to manually tackle the categorizing. :P Collectonian (talk) 06:44, 5 February 2008 (UTC)


Status of Wikireason -- other projects

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Hi Beland. Wikireason is "in hibernation" due to lack of participation. I've been offering advice to the admin of Chains of Reason, which seems to have similar goals to Wikireason and I think has a better chance of developing a sustainable community. If you are still interested, please check it out. You may also be interested in Debateopedia--which is more focused on documenting public debates, and less focused on developing logical arguments. AdamRetchless 02:16, 22 February 2007 (UTC)

From 2006

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Actively monitoring

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Short-term

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Quite urgent now:

Disputes:

Purge progress:

Image deletion:

REPORTS:

Ongoing

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Watchlist checked through: end of 31 Jan 2005


You can help improve the articles listed below! This list updates frequently, so check back here for more tasks to try. (See Wikipedia:Maintenance or the Task Center for further information.)

Help counter systemic bias by creating new articles on important women.

Help improve popular pages, especially those of low quality.


Censorship watch

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Meta cleanup

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Top priority cleanup

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Meta discussions:

Meta cleanup:

Content:

West Springfield/Pioneer Valley History

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Misc.

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Journalism

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Cities

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  • Wikipedia:WikiProject_Cities
    • Need to start implementing proposal
    • Need to check if recommended categorization scheme has been implemented.
      • Intro texts do not conform to the recommendation. A bot should check all articles in a given category to see if the right phrase and/or links are present.
    • Need to clean up talk page, esp "weird cases" or later
    • Need to update status section on main page.
    • Need to update status of mapping project
    • Template:CDPpreface, Template:UnincorpNotCDP
    • city-data.com

Sexuality

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(See bookmarks, as well.)

Multi-determination: A car owner notices the check engine light on their dashboard is on, but continues driving for 3 days. On the highway, the engine suddenly fails. A second car that has been tailgating crashes into the first one. A nearby philosopher asks whether the cause of the accident was the way the car was built, or the way it was operated by the owner. In fact, if the car had been built differently, operated differently, or followed differently, the accident would not have happened. The accident is "multi-determined". Cite that STS book.

Meta

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Update once per DB dump

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Special pages (maintenance) Information
Broken redirects
Dead-end pages Dead-end pages
Dormant pages Forgotten articles
Double redirects Double redirects
Lonely pages Orphaned articles
Long pages
New pages New pages patrol
New pages feed Page curation
Protected pages Protection policy
Short pages
Uncategorized pages Categorization
Uncategorized categories
Uncategorized templates
Unused categories
Unused files (images)
Unused templates
Without interwiki links
Most interwiki links
Wanted pages
Most-wanted articles
See also: Maintenance departments

(It's been a long time - see Wikipedia talk:Database download)

First

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Mergers

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Avoidance mergers

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Talk mergers

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Categorization

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More

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Postmodernity

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Some of the antecedents of postmodernism are missing from modernism. The postmodern articles are too long and very hard to read.

Science

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Religion

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Politics

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Supreme Court History project

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Fun backlogs

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