User:Bdakers/sandbox
| Battle of Okinawa | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Pacific Theater of World War II | |||||||||
 A U.S. Marine from the 2nd Battalion, 1st Marines on Wana Ridge provides covering fire with his Thompson submachine gun, 18 May 1945. | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
Ground Forces: United StatesNaval Support: United States United Kingdom Canada New Zealand Australia |
 Japan | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
|
Simon Bolivar Buckner, Jr. † Roy Geiger Joseph Stilwell Chester W. Nimitz Raymond A. Spruance William Halsey, Jr. Sir Bernard Rawlings |
 Mitsuru Ushijima † Isamu Chō † Hiromichi Yahara (POW) Minoru Ōta † Seiichi Itō † | ||||||||
| Units involved | |||||||||
|
Ground units: Naval units:
|
Ground units:
Naval units: 2nd Fleet Combined Fleet | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
|
541,000 in Tenth Army 183,000 combat troops[2] rising to c. 250,000[3] |
86,000 Japanese soldiers, 20,000 Okinawan conscripts[4] | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
Material: 12 destroyers sunk 15 amphibious ships sunk 9 other ships sunk 386 ships damaged 763[11]-768[12] aircraft 225 tanks |
From 77,166 killed[13] to 110,000 killed (U.S. estimate)[14] More than 7,000 captured[14] Material: 1 battleship sunk 1 light cruiser sunk 5 destroyers sunk 9 other warships sunk 1,430 aircraft lost[15] 27 tanks destroyed 743 artillery pieces, anti-tank guns, and anti-aircraft guns | ||||||||
| 40,000–150,000 civilians killed out of some est.300,000[14] | |||||||||
  Location within Japan | |||||||||
- ^ "Chapter XVIII: The Battle Ends". army.mil. Retrieved October 23, 2015.
- ^ Bill Sloan: The Ultimate Battle pg. 18
- ^ Keegan: The Second World War pg. 567
- ^ Hastings: Retribution pg. 370
- ^ a b Keegan: The Times Atlas of the Second World War pg. 169
- ^ The National Archives: Heroes and Villains retrieved 22 July 2015
- ^ William T. Garner: Unwavering Valor ch. 12.
- ^ Frank, p. 71
- ^ The National Archives: Heroes and Villains Retrieved 22 July 2015
- ^ Garner: Unwavering Valor ch. 12.
- ^ Keegan: The Second World War pg. 573
- ^ "The Battle of Okinawa" Retrieved 28 Dec. 2015
- ^ "The Cornerstone of Peace." Kyushu-Okinawa Summit 2000: Okinawa G8 Summit Host Preparation Council, 2000. Accessed 9 Dec 2012. "The Cornerstone of Peace - number of names inscribed". Okinawa Prefecture. Archived from the original on September 27, 2011. Retrieved 4 February 2011.
- ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference
mcgwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Giangreco Hell to Pay (2009) pg. 91