User:Aven13/Finalsandboxipromise
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Gymnospermae |
| Division: | Pinophyta |
| Class: | Pinopsida |
| Order: | Pinales |
| Family: | Pinaceae |
| Genus: | Pinus |
| Subgenus: | P. subg. Strobus |
| Section: | P. sect. Quinquefoliae |
| Subsection: | P. subsect. Strobus |
| Species: | P. pumila
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| Binomial name | |
| Pinus pumila | |
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Pinus pumila, commonly known as the Siberian dwarf pine, dwarf Siberian pine,[1][3] dwarf stone pine,[1] Japanese stone pine,[3] or creeping pine,[4] is a tree in the family Pinaceae native to northeastern Asia and the Japanese isles. It shares the common name creeping pine with several other plants. The tree grows to a height of 1–3 m (3–10 ft) in its native habitat. [5]
Description
[edit]The Siberian dwarf pine is a coniferous evergreen shrub ranging from 1–3 m (3–10 ft) in height, exceptionally up to 5 m (16 ft), but may have individual branches that extend farther along the ground in length. In the mountains of northern Japan, it sometimes hybridises with the related Japanese white pine (Pinus parviflora); these hybrids (Pinus × hakkodensis) are larger than P. pumila, reaching 8–10 m (26–33 ft) tall on occasion.
The leaves are needle-like, formed in bundles of five and are 4–6 cm long. The cones are 2.5-4.5 cm long, with large nut-like seeds (pine nuts).
Distribution
[edit]The range covers the Far East, Eastern Siberia, north-east of Mongolia, north-east of China, northern Japan and Korea.[3] Siberian dwarf pine can be found along mountain chains, passing the upper forest border, where it forms uninterrupted hard-to-pass thickets, also it grows in the sea bank of the Okhotsk and the Bering Seas, Tatarsk and Pacific coast (the Kurils).
It grows very slowly and is a perennial plant. It can live up to 300 and even 1000 years.[6][full citation needed] For example, in harsh conditions of Siberia region there are trees of Siberian dwarf pine, which are 250 years-old and older.
Cultivation
[edit]This plant is grown as an ornamental shrub in parks and gardens. The cultivar P. pumila 'Glauca' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[7]
Ecology
[edit]The seeds are harvested and dispersed by the spotted nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes).
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Farjon, A. (2013). "Pinus pumila". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42405A2977712. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42405A2977712.en.
- ^ a b World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew http://wcsp.science.kew.org/namedetail.do?name_id=380284. Retrieved 29 December 2017.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ a b c "Aven13/Finalsandboxipromise". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture.
{{citation}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ^ Fukui, K.; Sone, T.; Yamagata, K.; Otsuki, Y.; Sawada, Y.; Vetrova, V.; Vyatkina, M. (2008). "Relationships between permafrost distribution and surface organic layers near Esso, central Kamchatka, Russian Far East". Permafrost and Periglacial Processes. 19 (1): 85–92. doi:10.1002/ppp.606.
- ^ Wu, Zheng-Yi; Raven, Peter H. (1999). Flora of China. Vol. 4. Missouri Botanical Gardens Press. ISBN 0915279703.
- ^ Koropachinsky, Vstovskaya, 2002
- ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Pinus pumila 'Glauca'". Retrieved 6 February 2021.
External links
[edit]- Conifers Around the World: Pinus pumila - Hai-Matsu.
Media related to Pinus pumila at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Pinus pumila at Wikispecies
