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Keith E. Stanovich
Born	(1950-12-13)December 13, 1950 Youngstown, Ohio, US
Nationality	US citizen
Occupation	Professor Emeritus
Years active	1987-present
Known for	Study of rationality and study of reading development
Spouse	married
Academic background
Education	Ohio State University (BA, 1973) University of Michigan (MA, PhD, 1977)
Thesis	[[[1]] Word Recognition in Reaction Time and Tachistoscopic Tasks] (1977)
Academic work
Discipline	rationality, psychology of reading
Institutions	University of Toronto Oakland University
Website	keithstanovich.com

Keith E. Stanovich (born 1950) is a research scientist and psychologist. He is an Emeritus Professor of Applied Psychology and Human Development at the University of Toronto and former Canada Research Chair of Applied Cognitive Science. His primary research areas are the psychology of reasoning and the psychology of reading. His book What Intelligence Tests Miss won the 2010 Grawemeyer Award in Education. He received the E. L. Thorndike Career Achievement Award from the American Psychological Association in 2012.

Academic career

Stanovich's research in the field of reading was fundamental to the emergence of today's scientific consensus about what reading is, how it works, and what it does for the mind. His research on the cognitive basis of rationality has been featured in the journal Behavioral and Brain Sciences.

Stanovich has done extensive research on reading, language disabilities, and the psychology of rational thought. His classic article on the Matthew effect in education has been cited over 1,000 times in the scientific literature. He is the author of over 200 scientific articles, several of which have become Current Contents Citation Classics. In a 1993 article in the Journal of Learning Disabilities Stanovich coined the term dysrationalia to refer to the tendency toward irrational thinking and action despite adequate intelligence. In several recent books, he has explored the concept as well as the relation between rationality and intelligence. In his book The Rationality Quotient: Toward a Test of Rational Thinking, Stanovich and colleagues follow through on the claim that a comprehensive test of rational thinking is scientifically possible, given current knowledge.

In a three-year survey of citation rates during the mid-1990s, Stanovich was listed as one of the fifty most-cited developmental psychologists. He has also been named one of the 25 most productive educational psychologists. In a citation survey of the period 1982–1992, he was designated the most cited reading disability researcher in the world.

Other acheivements

Stanovich is a Fellow of the American Psychological Association, and of the American Psychological Society. Stanovich is also a fellow of the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry. From 1986-2000 Stanovich was the Associate Editor of Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, a leading journal of human development.

Awards

Stanovich is the only two-time winner of the Albert J. Harris Award from the International Reading Association for influential articles on reading. In 1995, he was elected to the Reading Hall of Fame as the youngest member of that honorary society. In 1996, he was given the Oscar Causey Award from the National Reading Conference for contributions to research and in 1997, he received the Sylvia Scribner Award from the American Educational Research Association. In 2000, he received the Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award from the Society for the Scientific Study of Reading. He was awarded the 2010 Grawemeyer Award for Education from the University of Louisville and was selected as a 2010 Grawemeyer Award winner for his 2009 book, What Intelligence Tests Miss: The Psychology of Rational Thought. Stanovich is a Fellow of the American Psychological Association (Divisions 3 [experimental], 7 [developmental], 8 [Personality & Social], & 15 [Educational]), the American Psychological Society, the International Academy for Research in Learning Disabilities, and is a Charter Member of the Society for the Scientific Study of Reading. He was a member of the Committee on the Prevention of Reading Difficulties in Young Children of the National Research Council/National Academy of Sciences. From 1986 to 2000, he was the associate editor of Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, a leading journal of human development.

Publications

Stanovich has written nine books, six essays, and authored, or co-authored, over 200 research papers on reasoning and reading. A complete listing of his work can be found on [Google Scholar] ,[Neurotree], or his [website].

— (March 1, 1999). Who Is Rational?: Studies of individual Differences in Reasoning (1 ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum. ISBN 0-8058-2473-1.
— (April 21, 2000). Progress in Understanding Reading: Scientific Foundations and New Frontiers (1 ed.). Guilford Press. ISBN 1-57230-565-7.
— (May 15, 2004). The Robot's Rebellion: Finding Meaning in the Age of Darwin (1 ed.). University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-77089-3.
— (January 27, 2009). What Intelligence Tests Miss: The Psychology of Rational Thought (1 ed.). Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-12385-2.
— (July 30, 2009). Decision Making and Rationality in the Modern World. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-532812-7.
— (2011). Rationality and the Reflective Mind (1 ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-534114-0.
— (September 29, 2012). How to Think Straight About Psychology (10 ed.). Pearson. ISBN 978-0-205-91412-8.
— (2016). The Rationality Quotient: Toward a Test of Rational Thinking (1 ed.). MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-03484-5.
— (2021). The Bias That Divides Us: The Science and Politics of Myside Bias (1 ed.). MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-04575-9.

See also

• Cognitive miser
• Great Rationality Debate

External links

• Official website
• Marcus Ruiz Evans 2023 interview
• Matthew Effect, an interview with Keith Stanovich
• How reading works and what it does for the mind, an interview with Keith Stanovich
• Stanovich, Keith E. "Publications on reasoning and rationality". keithstanovich.com. Retrieved October 16, 2016.

add categories of Ohio State Alumni | University of Michigan alumni |Academic staff of the University of Toronto

My research:

Book review: https://social-epistemology.com/2021/10/14/is-myside-bias-irrational-a-biased-review-of-the-bias-that-divides-us-neil-levy/ and response from author https://social-epistemology.com/2021/12/17/a-rational-disagreement-about-myside-bias-keith-e-stanovich/

Another book review: https://thoughtsonx.wordpress.com/2016/05/29/review-how-to-think-straight-about-psychology-by-keith-stanovich/

Interviews http://keithstanovich.com/Site/Audio_Visual.html

Interview about Matthew Effect 2010 (wiki page links to him, link back) https://childrenofthecode.org/interviews/stanovich.htm "a scientist's scientist and a man whose pioneering work has contributed substantially to both the cognitive science and reading science fields." Married (cite this interview's transcript)

ask the experts series from UofT 2003 https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/handle/1807/806

UofT magazine https://magazine.utoronto.ca/research-ideas/culture-society/why-people-are-irrational-kurt-kleiner/ "adjunct professor of human development and applied psychology at the University of Toronto who studies intelligence and rationality. The reason smart people can sometimes be stupid, he says, is that intelligence and rationality are different." "In other words, you can be intelligent without being rational. And you can be a rational thinker without being especially intelligent." or "Stanovich began comparing people’s scores on rationality tests with their scores on conventional intelligence tests. What he found is that they don’t have a lot to do with one another. On some tasks, there is almost a complete dissociation between rational thinking and intelligence." Stanovich suggests thinking of the mind as having three parts: * the “autonomous mind” that engages in problematic cognitive shortcuts. Stanovich calls this “Type 1 processing.” It happens quickly, automatically and without conscious control.

• the algorithmic mind, engages in Type 2 processing, the slow, laborious, logical thinking that intelligence tests measure. Your algorithmic mind can be ready to fire on all cylinders, but it can’t help you if you never engage it.
• the reflective mind. It decides when to make do with the judgments of the autonomous mind, and when to call in the heavy machinery of the algorithmic mind. The reflective mind seems to determine how rational you are. When and how your reflective mind springs into action is related to a number of personality traits, including whether you are dogmatic, flexible, open-minded, able to tolerate ambiguity or conscientious.

“The inflexible person, for instance, has trouble assimilating new knowledge,” Stanovich says. “People with a high need for closure shut down at the first adequate solution. Coming to a better solution would require more cognitive effort.”

"Studies show that a good way to improve critical thinking is to think of the opposite. Once this habit becomes ingrained, it helps you to not only consider alternative hypotheses, but to avoid traps such as anchoring, confirmation and myside bias."

2016 Interview about the Comprehensive Assessment of Rational Thinking (CART) co-creator of this prototype for a rational thinking test: https://www.progressfocused.com/2016/10/interview-with-keith-stanovich-2016.html he coined the term dysrationalia in 1993 per this interview ref to a paper in the Journal of Learning Disabilities. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/002221949302600803

2009 interview Coert Visser: https://www.progressfocused.com/2009/11/interview-with-keith-stanovich.html " leading expert on the psychology of reading and on rationality." & 3 types of thinking

2010 interview: https://www.philosophyforlife.org/blog/keith-stanovich-and-the-robots-rebellion

Interview with bday etc July 2008 https://www.srcd.org/sites/default/files/file-attachments/stanovich_keith_interview.pdf