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List of Fauna in the Eastern Visayas

The islands of Samar, Leyte and Biliran were once a part of a larger island known as the Greater Mindanao. This is reflective of the status and both the flora and fauna of the region, hence, making the Islands of the Eastern Visayas to be under the Greater Mindanao Biogeographical region. Further evidence hereof can be observed by the shared faunal makeup in Mindanao and Bohol (i.e. Philippine tarsier, which can be found on all of these islands).

Mammals

Common Name	Scientific name	Order	Local Name/Taxon	Description
Philippine brown deer	Rusa marianna	Artiodactyla	Bugsók^[1]	The only extant deer species in the eastern visayas region.
Philippine warty pig	Sus philippensis	Artiodactyla	Baboy ihalas
Philippine palm civet	Paradoxurus hermaphroditus philippinensis	Carnivora	Mirô	An endemic subspecies of the asian palm civet. Featured in the 20 Philippine peso bill.
Malayan civet	Viverra tagalunga	Carnivora	Garóng, Singgaróng
Golden-crowned flying fox	Acerodon jubatus	Chiroptera	Kabog
Lesser short-nosed fruit bat	Cynopterus brachyotis		Kulalaknit
Long-tongued nectar bat	Macroglossus minimus		Kabag(?)^[2]	Lives in Samar
Common rousette	Rousettus amplexicaudatus		Balak-balak
Large flying fox	Pteropus vampyrus		Panik
Large Mindanao roundleaf bat	Hipposideros coronatus			Lived in Samar^[2], might be locally extirpated
Clear-winged woolly bat	Kerivoula pellucida			Lived in Samar, might be locally extirpated in the region.
Great-bent winged bat	Miniopterus tristis			Lives in Samar
Peter's trumpet-eared bat	Phoniscus jagorii		Balak-balak^[2]
Philippine forest horseshoe bat	Rhinolophus inops		Kagning, Kabat-kabat
Northern woolly horseshoe bat	R. perniger			Lives in Leyte
Lesser asian house bat	Scotophilus kuhlii		Kulalaknit, kulabnit
Philippine flying lemur	Cynocephalus volans	Dermoptera	Kagwang
Asian House shrew	Suncus marinus	Eulipotyphla	Minyak
Mindanao shrew	Crocidura beatus	Eulipotyphla	Kalagtsewey
Long-tailed macaque	Macaca fascicularis philippensis	Primates	Ulot, Amo	An endemic subspecies of the crab-eating macaque
Philippine tarsier	Carlito syrichta syrichta	Primates	Magô	Nominate race
Common philippine forest rat	Rattus everetti	Rodentia	Yatot
Polynesian rat	R. exulans
Common field rat	R. mindanensis			A supposed subspecies of the black rat
Oriental house rat	R. tanezumi
Samar squirrel	Sundasciurus samarensis		Lalagsing, ulalagsing
Philippine pygmy squirrel	Exilisciurus concinnus		Ulalagsing

Birds

The following are the list of non-migratory and non-accidental residents of the Eastern Visayas.^[3]

Common Name	Scientific name	Order	Local Name	Description
Crested goshawk	Accipiter trivirgatus	Accipitriformes	Sikot
Besra	A. virgatus		Banog
Jerdon's Baza	Aviceda jerdoni
Brahminy kite	Haliastur indus		Banog
White-bellied sea eagle	Haliaeetus leucogaster		Manaol
Rufous-bellied eagle	Lophotriorchis kienerii		Banog
Changeable hawk-eagle	Nisaetus cirrhatus
Pinsker's hawk-eagle	N. pinskeri
Philippine honey buzzard	Pernis steerei
Philippine eagle	Pithecophaga jefferyi		Manaol^[4]	First formally described in Samar.
Philippine serpent eagle	Spilornis holospilus		Sikop, Sikob
Philippine swiftlet	Aerodramus mearnsi	Apodiformes	Salangan
Mossy-nest swiftlet	A. salangana		Salangan
House swift	Apus nipalensis		Balinsasayaw
Grey-rumped swiftlet	Collocalia marginata		Balinsasayaw^[2]
Pygmy swiftlet	C. troglodytes		Balinsasayaw
Asian palm swift	Cypsiurus balasiensis		Balinsasayaw
Purple needletail	Hirundapus celebensis		Balinsasayaw
Philippine spinetailed swift	Mearnsia picina		Balinsasayaw
Whiskered treeswift	Hemiprocne comata		Balinsasayaw ha guba
Philippine duck	Anas luzonica	Anseriformes	Tamaw, Tamaw-tamaw, Namaw-tamaw, Gakit
Wandering whistling duck	Dendrocygna arcuata	Anseriformes	Kulimaw, Gakit
Southern rufous hornbill	Buceros semigaelatus	Bucerotiformes	Kalaw	The Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) and Birdlife International, reconsidered this species as a separate to the Northern rufous hornbill
Samar tarictic hornbill	Penelopides samarensis	Bucerotiformes	Talusi, Kalaw
Savannah nightjar	Caprimulgus affinis	Caprimulgiformes	Tagkaro
Gray nightjar	C. indicus		Tagkaro
Philippine nightjar	C. manillensis		Kaò-kaò, Tagkaro
Great-eared nightjar	Lyncornis macrotis		Kaò-kaò, Tagkaro
Beach thick-knee	Esacus magnirostris	Charadriformes	Tabalalang, Tabilalang
Malaysian plover	Charadrius peronii		Taringting
Oriental pranticole	Glareola maldivarum
Whiskered tern	Chlidonias hybrida		Kanaway
Roseate tern	Sterna dougallii
Black-naped tern	S. sumatrana
Little tern	Sternula albifrons
Pheasant-tailed jacana	Hydrophasianus chirurgus
Comb-crested jacana	Irediparra gallinacea
Greater painted-snipe	Rostratula benghalensis		Manurog, Agatsona
Woolly-necked stork	Ciconia episcopus	Ciconiiformes	Madre-madre, Dungon, Sigwenya	Went extinct in the region, maybe even in the whole Philippines.
Nicobar pigeon	Caloenas nicobarica	Columbiformes	Dundunay
Common emerald dove	Chalcophaps indica		Manatad
Common rock pigeon	Columba livia		Sarapati
Metallic pigeon	C. vitiensis		Salampati
Green imperial pigeon	Ducula aenea		Balod
Pied imperial pigeon	D. bicolor		Kamaso
Pink-bellied imperial pigeon	D. poliocephalia		Agum-om, Hagumhom
Leyte bleeding-heart	Gallicolumba crinigera leytensis		Amumukid	Some authors considers the leytensis ssp. as a separate species from the Mindanao bleeding-heart
Zebra dove	Geopelia striata		Kurokutok
Philippine cuckoo-dove	Macropygia tenuirostris		Tugway, Tugwaw, Agiwon
Amethyst brown dove	Phapitreron amethystina		Buro-buro
Short-billed brown dove	P. brevirostris		Kuro-kuro, Limukon
Black-chinned fruit dove	Ptinilopus lenchancheri
Black-naped fruit dove	P. melanospilus
Yellow-breasted fruit dove	P. occipitalis		Balorinay
Spotted dove	Streptopelia chinensis		Kurukutok, Tukmo
Philippine collared-dove	S. dusumieri		Tukmon, Tukmo
Red collared-dove	S. tranquebarica		Tukmon, Tukmo
Philippine green pigeon	Treron axiliaris		Punay
Pink-necked green pigeon	T. vernans		Punay
Northern silvery kingfisher	Ceyx flumenicola	Coraciiformes	Sibit
Philippine dwarf kingfisher	C. melanurus		Sibit ha guba/ Sibit nga pula
Dimorphic dwarf kingfisher	C. margarethae		Sibit ha guba
Brown-breasted kingfisher	H. gularis		Manaliksik, Kiyag-kiyagi
Stork-billed kingfisher	Pelargopsis capensis		Bakaka
Collared kingfisher	Todiramphus chloris		Tikarol, Takray, Saliksikan
Rufous-lored kingfisher	T. winchelli
Southern rufous hornbill	Buceros semigaelatus		Kalaw
Samar hornbill	Penelopides samarensis		Talusi
Dollarbird	Eurystomys orientalis		Salak
Rufous-crowned bee-eater	Merops americanus		Huraw-huraw
Blue-tailed bee-eater	Merops philippinus		Huraw-huraw
Plaintive cuckoo	Cacomantis merulinus	Cuculiformes	Kuko
Rusty-breasted cuckoo	C. sepulcralis		Kuko	The term kuko may have been borrowed, used in waray translations on biblical cuckoos.
Lesser coucal	Centropus bengalensis		Saguksok
Black-faced coucal	C. melanops		Abunog, Obon-obon
Philippine coucal	C. viridis		Kukok, Saguksok, Sabuko
Violet cuckoo	Chrysococcyx xanthorhyncus		Sabuko
Chestnut-winged cuckoo	Clamator coromandus
Indian cuckoo	Cuculus micropterus		Kuko
Oriental cuckoo	C. optatus		Kuko
Himalayan cuckoo	C. saturatus		Kuko
Asian koel	Eudynamys scolopaceus		Bahaw
Philippine hawk cuckoo	Hierococcyx pectoralis
Large hawk cuckoo	H. sparverioides
Chestnut-breasted malkoha	Phaenicophaeus curvirostris			Mentioned to be present in Samar Island Natural Park.^[5]
Philippine drongo-cuckoo	Surniculus velutinus
Philippine falconet	Microhierax erythrogenys	Falconiformes	It-it, Gitgit
Oriental hobby	Falco severus	Falconiformes	Alkon
Philippine megapode	Megapodius cumingii	Galliformes	Tabon
Red jungle fowl	Gallus gallus		Manok ihalas
King quail	Synoicus chinensis		Pitpitaw
Sarus crane	Antigone antigone	Gruiformes	Tihol	Was not formally described by ornithologists. It was vividly described in the Historia de las islas y indios de Bisayas in 1668 by Fr. Alcina. The crane was about a yard (vara) and a half tall, with browning or dark grey feathers and having a good part of its neck up to its head colored in red. It was also described as larger than those cranes found in Spain.^[6] By the end of the 19th century it can only be found in the Central and Northern Luzon. And the last confirmed sightings were around the early 20th century.
White-breasted waterhen	Amaurornis phoenicurus		Kurowakwak, Kiyaw
Plain bush-hen	A. olivacea		Kihaw
Watercock	Gallicrex cinerea		Bibi^[7]
Common moorhen	Gallinula chloropus		Itumon (Leyte), Tinggaw (Samar)
Buff-banded rail	Hypotaenidia philippensis		Tikling
Barred rail	H. torquata		Tikling, Hurikling, Tinggaw (N. Samar)
Slaty-breasted rail	Lewinia striata		Tikling
Slaty-legged crake	Rallina eurizonoides
Red-legged crake	R. fasciata
Ruddy-breasted crake	Zapornia fusca		Manhak
Spotless crake	Z. tabuensis

^ Tramp (1997). "SEAlang Library Waray Lexicography". sealang.net. Retrieved 2022-03-03.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Elera, Casto de (1895). Catálogo sistemático de toda la fauna de Filipinas conocida hasta el presente. Vol. 1. Manila,: Imprenta del colegio de Santo Tomás,.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
^ "Eastern Visayas bird checklist - Avibase - Bird Checklists of the World". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2022-03-22.
^ Sanchez, Mateo (1711). "Vocabulario de la lengua Bisaya". Biblioteca Digital Hispánica. Retrieved 2022-03-25.
^ "Post Biological Assessment of Faunal Resources in The Samar Island Natural Park – Annals of Tropical Research". annalsoftropicalresearch.com. Retrieved 2022-03-22.
^ Alcina, Francisco Ignacio; Yepes, Victoria (1996). Historia natural de las Islas Bisayas del padre Alzina (in Spanish). Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press. ISBN 978-84-00-07623-8.
^ Rosa, Antonio Sánchez de la (1914). Diccionario español-bisaya para las provincias de Sámar y Leyte (in Spanish). Santos y Bermal.

[1] Tramp (1997). "SEAlang Library Waray Lexicography". sealang.net. Retrieved 2022-03-03.

[:0-2] Elera, Casto de (1895). Catálogo sistemático de toda la fauna de Filipinas conocida hasta el presente. Vol. 1. Manila,: Imprenta del colegio de Santo Tomás,.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)

[3] "Eastern Visayas bird checklist - Avibase - Bird Checklists of the World". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2022-03-22.

[4] Sanchez, Mateo (1711). "Vocabulario de la lengua Bisaya". Biblioteca Digital Hispánica. Retrieved 2022-03-25.

[5] "Post Biological Assessment of Faunal Resources in The Samar Island Natural Park – Annals of Tropical Research". annalsoftropicalresearch.com. Retrieved 2022-03-22.

[6] Alcina, Francisco Ignacio; Yepes, Victoria (1996). Historia natural de las Islas Bisayas del padre Alzina (in Spanish). Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press. ISBN 978-84-00-07623-8.

[7] Rosa, Antonio Sánchez de la (1914). Diccionario español-bisaya para las provincias de Sámar y Leyte (in Spanish). Santos y Bermal.

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