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Humoresque Article

History:

The term humoresque or the German humoreske, stems from the Medieval Latin "humor." (Merriam Webster) As a musical composition, it is typically whimsical or fanciful, and characterized by fanciful humor in the sense of mood rather than wit [1]. The composition title was used notably by Romantic composers Robert Schumann and Antonín Dvořák.

Robert Schumann (June 8, 1810, to July 29, 1856) was another Romantic composer thoroughly committed intellectually and emotionally to the idea of composing music to register the feelings, thoughts, and impressions of a sensitive spirit. Schumann composed his Humoreske in B-flat major, Op. 20, in 1839, and dedicated it to Julie von Webenau.[1] The works consists of seven sections (not originally indicated as such by the composer, except for the last one, "Zum Beschluss") to be played attacca. Although the piece is nominally written in B-flat major, most of the piece is set in B-flat major's relative minor key, G minor. The musical texture and emotional tone varies widely and differs greatly between the sections. The piece consists of several sections:

• "Einfach" (B-flat-major, common time, M. M. quarter note = 80)
• "Sehr rasch und leicht" (B-flat-major, 2/4, M. M. quarter note = 138)
• "Noch rascher" (G minor)
• "Erstes Tempo" Wie im Anfang (B-flat major, common time)
• "Hastig" (G minor, 2/4, M. M. quarter note = 126)
• "Nach und nach immer lebhafter und stärker" (D minor)
• "Wie vorher" Adagio
• "Einfach und zart" (G minor, common time, M. M. quarter note = 100)
• "Intermezzo" (B-flat major, 2/4, M. M. quarter note = 100)
• "Innig" (B-flat major, common time, M. M. quarter note = 116)
• "Schneller" (Tempo I)
• "Sehr lebhaft" (G-minor/B-flat major, 2/4, M. M. half note = 76)
• "Immer lebhafter" Stretto
• "Mit einigem Pomp" (C minor, common time, M. M. quarter note = 92)
• "Zum Beschluss" (B-flat major, common time, M. M. quarter note = 112 )
• Allegro <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humoreske_(Schumann)/ref>

Antonín Dvořák (September 8, 1841, to May 1, 1904) was the first Bohemian composer to achieve worldwide recognition, and was noted for turning folk material into the language of 19th-century Romantic music. Although known for his symphonies, many of Dvořák’s most attractive works are among his less-ambitious miscellany. His Humoresques, Op. 101 (B. 187), are a piano cycle written during the summer of 1894. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humoresques_%28Dvořák%29/ref> The piece consist of several movements:

• Vivace (E♭ minor)
• Poco andante (B major)
• Poco andante e molto cantabile (A♭ major)
• Poco andante (F major)
• Vivace (A minor)
• Poco allegretto (B major)
• Poco lento e grazioso (G♭ major)
• Poco andante — Vivace – Meno mosso, quasi Tempo I (B minor).