User:Antrodiella/Hydnaceous fungi
Hydnaceous fungi are a group of basidiomycetes with spines or teeth on the lower surface of their fruiting body. Like polypores and gilled mushrooms, they are a morphological group only, and not a group based on common ancestry. The term hydnaceous refers to the genus Hydnum, which historically included many hydnaceous fungi.
Most hydnaceous fungi belong to two groups:
- Mushroom-type fruiting bodies with a stalk growing on soil. These species are ectomycorrhizal. Most species of this type belong to the orders Thelephorales (e.g. Phellodon, Sarcodon) and Cantharellales (Hydnum).
- Wood-inhabiting species with polypore-like, often effused fruiting bodies. These are important part of wood-decay communities. Large genera include Hyphodontia (Hymenochaetales), Stecchericium (Russulales) and Steccherinum (Polyporales). Members of this group are often also considered corticioid fungi.
However, there are also species with effused, polypore-like fruiting bodies that are mycorrhizal (Sistotrema muscicola)[1] and wood-rotting species with a stipe (Mycorrhaphium adustum). Species of Hericium have showy, coralloid fruiting bodies with long spines.
Uses
[edit]Many species of Hydnum are edible. Some species of Hydnellum, Phellodon and Sarcodon are used for dyeing textiles and produce green and brown colors.
References
[edit]- ^ Nilsson RH et al. (2006) Fruiting body-guided molecular identification of root-tip mantle mycelia provides strong indications of ectomycorrhizal associations in two species of Sistotrema (Basidiomycota). Mycological Research 110: 1426-1432.