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The black rockcod, the Antarctic yellowbelly rockcod, or the Antarctic bullhead notothen Notothenia coriiceps is a species of notothen that is widely spread around the Antarctic continent.[1] Like other Antarctic notothenioid fishes, N. coriiceps has adapted to fu'nction in the stable, ice-cold Southern Ocean environment.[2]
Distribution and diet
[edit]N. coriiceps maintains a circum-Antarctic distribution that is likely governed at least in part by the presence of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) as well as egg dispersal patterns.[1] Populations of this species have been recorded at sites in the western Ross Sea, the Weddell Sea, the Western Antarctic Peninsula, the islands of the Scotia Arc to South Georgia, the Balleny Islands, and the sub-Antarctic islands of the Indian Ocean sector.[3] N. coriiceps feeds on macroalgae[4] amphipods[4] and euphausiids.[5] It appears to feed year-round, although diet composition likely varies seasonally[4]
Morphology
[edit]N. coriiceps members have scales that typically appear brown or gray in color. Its teeth are comprised of a multirow tooth plate and caniform teeth, which are located in the outer portion of the jaw.[6] Adults males typically reach a length of approxiately 50 cm (20 in).[7]
Its epithelium is characterized by the presence of fat droplets, which serve as a storage mechanism for dietary lipids.[8] Fat droplets are also stored in bone tissue of this species.[9]
Physiology
[edit]Like most other Antarctic notothenioids, N. coriiceps produces antifreeze glyocproteins,
Phylogeny
[edit]- ^ a b Eastman, Joseph (1993). Antarctic Fish Biology: Evolution in a Unique Environment. San Diego, California: Academic Press, In
- ^ Shin, SC; et al. (2014). "The genome sequence of the Antarctic bullhead notothen reveals evolutionary adaptations to a cold environment". Genome Biology. 15 (9): 468. doi:10.1186/s13059-014-0468-1. PMC 4192396. PMID 25252967.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|last=(help)CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ "Notothenia coriiceps Richardson, 1844 Black rockcod". Fish Base. Retrieved 24 January 2019.
- ^ a b c Iken, K; et al. (1997). "Grazing by the Antarctic fish Notofhenia coriiceps: evidence for selective feeding on macroalgae" (PDF). Antarctic Science. 9 (4): 386–391. doi:10.1017/S0954102097000497. S2CID 55388849.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|last=(help) - ^ Coggan, Roger (1997). "Seasonal and annual growth rates in the Antarctic fish Notothenia coriiceps Richardson". Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 213 (2): 215–229. doi:10.1016/S0022-0981(96)02731-1.
- ^ Voskoboynicova, OS; et al. (1993). "Evolution of visceral skeleton and phylogeny of nototheniidae". Journal of Ichthyology. 33: 23–47.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|last=(help) - ^ Dewitt, H.H.; Heemstra, P.C.; Gon, O. (1990). Fishes of the Southern Ocean. Grahamstown, South Africa: Smith Institute of Ichthyology.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Hernandez-Blazquez, FJ; et al. (2006). "Fat absorptive processes in the intestine of the Antarctic fish Notothenia coriiceps (Richardson, 1844)". Polar Biology. 29 (10): 831–836. doi:10.1007/s00300-006-0121-x. S2CID 42008914.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|last=(help) - ^ Eastman, JT; et al. (2014). "Divergence in Skeletal Mass and Bone Morphology in Antarctic Notothenioid Fishes". Journal of Morphology. 275 (8): 841–861. doi:10.1002/jmor.20258. PMID 24590921. S2CID 17417931.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|last=(help)