User:Alexander.swanson/sandbox

Article Evaluation

VA guaranteed interest rates

The article on the US Census Bureau was fairly well written, and stayed on-topic throughout it. The author does a good job staying neutral when presenting information, and the information appears to come from neutral sources. I did find that section on the handheld computers used in the 2010 census, could've used more information. Especially when when referring to the financial advantages or disadvantages. Since that census occurred almost a decade ago, I am sure you could find information about it. The talk page has a lot of questions about specific aspects, like one is about a source for the claim that the US census provided addresses to intern Japanese-Americans. The article has a C rating and is a part of for wikiprojects, the elections and referendums being most important. The discussions on the talk page are about similar topics but we are asking more to learn about the information rather than where the information came from. Your evaluation is on the right track, but doesn't quite cover all of the questions required. Still, you did a nice job - Prof Hammad

Choosing Topic & Finding Sources : Baby Boom

The article overall was clear and concise however I picked up on few things to revise and or add information.

1. In reference to "The baby boom occurred in countries that experienced tremendous damage from the war and were going through dramatic economic hardships. These countries include Germany and Poland", it is confusing considering the next sentences are about the USA. So I would acknowledge that statement if true but find a better transition to the baby boom in America .
2. The effects on USA dependency could be updated to refer to what a higher dependency ratio means and its effects.
3. After reviewing the last article adding information about maternal health and its effect on the baby boom.

Sources

https://www-sciencedirect-com.aurarialibrary.idm.oclc.org/science/article/pii/S0376871602003071

• Gfroerer, J., Penne, M., Pemberton, M., & Folsom, R. (2003). Substance abuse treatment need among older adults in 2020: The impact of the aging baby-boom cohort. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 69(2), 127-135. 10.1016/S0376-8716(02)00307-1

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1266126/?tool=pmcentrez

• Rogerson, P. A., & Kim, D. (2005). Population distribution and redistribution of the baby-boom cohort in the united states: Recent trends and implications. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 102(43), 15319-15324. 10.1073/pnas.0507318102

http://www.jstor.org.aurarialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/10.1086/593052?pq-origsite=summon

• Murphy, K. M., Simon, C., & Tamura, R. (2008). Fertility decline, baby boom, and economic growth. Journal of Human Capital, 2(3), 302;262;-302. 10.1086/593052

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.aurarialibrary.idm.oclc.org/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5850.2006.00855.x/abstract

• BRUCKER, E. (2006). Demographic, employment, expenditure, and Income‐Related dependency ratios: Population aging in the fifty states. Public Budgeting & Finance, 26(3), 65-80. 10.1111/j.1540-5850.2006.00855.x

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3982/QE315/abstract

• Albanesi, S., & Olivetti, C. (2014). Maternal health and the baby boom. Quantitative Economics, 5(2), 225-269. 10.3982/QE315

Baby Boom

The baby boom occurred in countries that experienced tremendous damage from the war and were going through dramatic economic hardships. These countries include Germany and Poland. In the United States the baby boom was contributed to the number of veterans returning home after the war ended in 1945. It also was due to the strong post-war American economy. The US, Congress passed the G.I. Bill of Rights to encourage home ownership and higher levels of education by charging very low or no interest at all on loans for veterans. Getting settled in with a more comfortable economic position allowed families to have a place to live, be educated, and start having babies. "Now thriving on the American Dream, life was simple, jobs were plentiful, and a record number of babies were born."

Romania

• Decreţei: (1967–1989), A baby boom in Romania was caused by a ban on abortion and contraception, consequently, hospitals became overcrowded. From the Chicago Tribune on December 26, 1967, the article stated that a doctor had to beg a woman to have a home birth due to overcrowding at the hospital, "Please stay at home, we have no rooms". The column also stated how "pregnant women were having to share hospitals beds and sickly babies were being put into oxygen tents in groups". The baby boom in Romania caused problems that began affecting the health of its residents. Abortion before being banned in 1966 was the only form of birth control, leaving people without access to that form of family planning.Another set of policies from Romania's Leader at the time, Nicolae Ceausescu, contributed to the baby boom based upon ethno-nationalism. To encourage people to have more children from dominant ethnic groups the Roman Government created financial incentive to have children, specifically a tax for anyone over 25 without a child. This motivated a lot of people to give birth younger and to other Roman's. Which lead to an initial surge of babies being born but then began to decrease in the birth rate to 14.3 births per individual by the 80's. In an effort to ramp up birth rates Ceausescu made new policies. Changing the legal age to marry to 15, social media campaigns and mandating monthly gynecological exams to all women of children bearing age. This caused a near 5x increase in spending for incentives, yet managed to decrease the birth rate by 40%.

I think it would be interesting here to add in even more of our course material to this discussion - Prof H

United States

The term "baby boom" most often refers to the post–World War II baby boom (1946–1964) when the number of annual births exceeded 2 per 100 women (or approximately 1% of the total population size). There are an estimated 78.3 million Americans who were born during this period. The term is a general demographic and is also applicable to other similar population expansions.

Recent baby boom periods include the following:

• Post–World War I baby boom: (1918–1929)
• Post–World War II baby boom: Years of duration vary, depending on the source.
• Echo Boomers (Millennials): (researchers and commentators use birth years ranging from the early 1980s to the mid 1990s) are the children of the baby boomers, Gen Xers, and a few members of the Silent Generation.

Effects on dependency caused by the Baby boom (1946–1964)

During the Baby boom the U.S. experienced after World War II, the dramatic rise in births led to a higher dependency ratio, which means that there is a large portion of the population under the age of 15 and over the age of 65 that relies on those in the work force (ages 15–64). The Cohort of this baby boom is expected to once again increase the dependency ratio once the majority is over the age of 65, as these people will no longer be part of the work force. Some of the 75 million baby boomers began to reach retirement age in 2011. Back in the year 2000 only 12.4% of our population was 65 or over and by 2020 its predicted to rise to 18%, largely due to the baby boom. Currently the Government supports social security to the population over 65, which may lead the states increasing their budget to fund programs like medicaid.

Peer Review

I really liked how you added other countries into the Baby Boom idea. I think it may be interesting to elaborate more on the cost the Baby Boom has cost the United States regarding Social Security and Medicaid. It would be a good thing to talk about since it the Baby Boom is such a economic factor. The section about Romania was interesting about how the increase in babies was due to the ban of contraceptives. Maybe you should include what the contraceptives looked like in the United States since it was so prevalent in the US. You also did a good job of being non-bias and very factual. Great job. ~~~~

You continued to do a good job elaborating on the Baby Boom including the years and discussing the economic problem they are creating. I'm not totally sure which stuff was added since last time I looked at this article, but I like the contributions that were added.