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User:Alba/List of Wettins

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Main Line: Electors of Saxony (1422-1464)

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On Frederick II's death his sons attempted co-rule (1464-1485), but found this intractable and divided the Wettin territories between them in 1485. The elder, Ernest, became elector and inherited Northern Meissen, Southern Thuringia, and Wittenberg, along with the Electoral title. Albert, the younger son, became duke and received Northern Thuringia and Southern Meissen.

Ernestine main line: Electors of Saxony (1486-1547)

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In 1547, following Emperor Charles V's victory at the Battle of Mühlberg, Wittenberg and the Electoral dignity passed to the Albertine line. The Ernestine line continued to rule in southern Thuringia as dukes, with the result that "ducal" and "electoral" Saxony swapped names. For convienence, "ducal" and "electoral" Saxony began to be referred to as Ernestine and Albertine Saxony, and as the Ernestine Wettins followed their policy of ensuring that each adult male held a territory (no matter how small), the idea of "Ernestine Saxony" became inoperative.

  • John Frederick, as Duke of Saxony 1547-1554

The two sons of John Frederick I shared the territory, with John Frederick II establishing residence in Gotha (Saxe-Gotha) and John William staying in Weimar (Saxe-Weimar).

John Frederick was captured by the Emperor in 1566, and control of all Ernestine Saxony passed to his brother (bypassing John Frederick's underage sons):

In 1572, with the Treaty of Erfurt Ernestine Saxony was divided into three parts: Saxe-Weimar, for John William, and Saxe-Coburg and Saxe-Eisenach, intended for John Frederick II's sons John Casimir and John Ernest. John Frederick claimed title as Duke of Saxe-Gotha until his death.

John Casimir, the older son of John Frederick II received the territory of Saxe-Coburg, John Ernest II, the younger son of John Frederick II, received the territory of Saxe-Eisenach, and John Willam added the districts of Altenburg, Gotha and Meiningen to Saxe-Weimar.

Ernestine line: descendants of John Frederick II

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Ernestine line: descendants of John William I

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John William I died a year after the Division of Erfurt, and his lands were divided again: Saxe-Altenburg was created for his elder son Frederick William I of Saxe-Altenburg, and Saxe-Weimar passed to his younger son John II.

This gets really crazy...

Albertine main line: Dukes of Saxony (1486-1547)

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Albertine main line: Electors of Saxony (1547-1806)

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Albertine main line: Kings of Saxony (1806-1918)

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In 1806, the Holy Roman Empire came to an end. The Kingdom of Saxony was formed, and Frederick Augustus III became King Frederick Augustus I.

Albertine main line: Margraves of Meissen, Heads of the House of Wettin (1918-)

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Saxony became a republic with the demise of the German Empire in 1918. Frederick Augustus III retained his title of King until his death; subsequent Heads of the House took the title of Margrave of Meissen, the title with which the House was founded in 1089.

For later rulers of Saxony, see List of minister presidents of Saxony.

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