User:18roo/Lateralization of brain function
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[edit]Lateralization of brain function
[edit]Lateralization of the brain is the cumulation of the cognitive and neural functions possessed within different sectors or hemispheres of the brain. Within this article, the separating attributes, misapplications, and the brain's overall significance is discussed.
Lateralized Functions
[edit]Language
Language functions such as grammar, vocabulary and literal meaning are typically lateralized to the left hemisphere, especially in right-handed individuals.[7] In both species of vertebrates and invertebrates laterization can be found in many.[1] While language production is left-lateralized in up to 90% of right-handers, it is more bilateral, or even right-lateralized, in approximately 50% of left-handers.[8]
Broca's area and Wernicke's area, associated with the production of speech and comprehension of speech, respectively, are located in the left cerebral hemisphere for about 95% of right-handers but about 70% of left-handers.[9]: 69 Social interactions, demonstrating fierce emotions, and mathematical information are all provided by the right hemisphere.[2]
Clinical significance
Damage to either the right or left hemisphere, and its resulting deficits provide insight into the function of the damaged area. There is truth to the idea that some brain functions reside more on one side of the brain than the other. We know this in part from what is lost when a stroke affects a particular part of the brain. Left hemisphere damage has many effects on language production and perception. Damage or lesions to the right hemisphere can result in a lack of emotional prosody[19] or intonation when speaking. [1]The left hemisphere is often involved with dealing of detail oriented and perception while the right hemisphere is involved with mostly overview and an overall concept of things.[1] Right hemisphere damage also has grave effects on understanding discourse. People with damage to the right hemisphere have a reduced ability to generate inferences, comprehend and produce main concepts, and a reduced ability to manage alternative meanings. Furthermore, people with right hemisphere damage often exhibit discourse that is abrupt and perfunctory or verbose and excessive. They can also have pragmatic deficits in situations of turn taking, topic maintenance and shared knowledge.[2]Although both sides of the hemisphere has different responsibilities and tasks, they both complete each other and create a bigger picture. [2]
Lateral brain damage can also affect visual perceptual spatial resolution. People with left hemisphere damage may have impaired perception of high resolution, or detailed, aspects of an image. People with right hemisphere damage may have impaired perception of low resolution, or big picture, aspects of an image.
Society and Culture
[edit]Possible Misapplication
[edit]Proof leading to the mythbuster of the left/right brain concept is increasing as more and more studies are brought to light. Harvard Health Publishing includes a study from the University of Utah in 2013, that exhibited brain scans revealing similarity on both sides of the brain, personality and environmental factors aside. [[3]] <gallery>
Counter Position
[edit]While the left/right brain myth is approaching an end, researchers are beginning a study on brain laterality, suggesting that some aspects of the brain may succeed or dominate others in regards to language processing or even facial recognition.[[4]]
References
[edit]Rodgers. 2021. Brain Lateralization and Cognitive Capacity, Animals 2021, 11(7), 1996.[5]
- ^ Zickert, Nele; Geuze, Reint H.; Beking, Tess; Groothuis, Ton G. G. (2021-08-20). "Testing the Darwinian function of lateralization. Does separation of workload between brain hemispheres increase cognitive performance?". Neuropsychologia. 159: 107884. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107884. ISSN 0028-3932.
- ^ Zickert, Nele; Geuze, Reint H.; Beking, Tess; Groothuis, Ton G. G. (2021-08-20). "Testing the Darwinian function of lateralization. Does separation of workload between brain hemispheres increase cognitive performance?". Neuropsychologia. 159: 107884. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107884. ISSN 0028-3932.
- ^ Shmerling, Robert. "Right brain/left brain, right?". Harvard Health Publishing. Harvard Medical School. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
- ^ Morton, Bruce. "Brain executive laterality and hemisity". National Library of Medicine. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 07 October 2020.
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