User:柳漫/Romanization of Nankinese
Romanization of Nankinese, also known as Nankinese Pinyin (simplified Chinese: 南京话拼音; traditional Chinese: 南京話拼音; pinyin: Nánjīnghuà pīnyīn; Nanjing: Lang2jin1hua4 Pin1in1) is a romanization system specifically designed for the Nanjing dialect of Jianghuai Mandarin. It is mostly used in Nanjing dialect dictionaries, such as the Dialect Dictionary[1], and input method[2]. Nankinese Pinyin has features of both German alphabet and Hanyu Pinyin. The latter is the only Chinese romanization system formally taught within the People's Republic of China, for convenience amongst users. However, there is also the problem that it is unable to match the phonology of Nankinese with complete precision, as there are many differences between Nankinese and Standard Chinese in phonology.
Scheme
[edit]Initials
[edit]Finals
[edit]On the left side of each IPA symbol in the table below are the letters which correspond to their respective sounds in the romanization of Nankinese, and sample Chinese characters with that syllable rime are on the right side:
| medial-> | i[i] | u[u] | ü[y] |
|---|---|---|---|
| /Ø/ | i[i] 一*、衣 | u[u] 物*、務 | ü[y] 育*、 語 |
| a[a] 阿*、啊 | ia[ia] 壓*、鴉 | ua[ua] 挖*、蛙 | |
| ä[ɛ] 額*、愛 | iä[iɛ]娾 | uä[uɛ] 瓁*、外 | |
| e[e] 車[ʈʂʰ-] | ie[ie] 業*、夜 | üe[ye] 月*、𦚢 | |
| ei[əɪ] 被[p-] | uei[uəɪ] 為 | ||
| ao[ɔ] 奧 | iao[iɔ] 搖 | ||
| ou[əɯ] 歐 | iou[iəɯ] 又 | ||
| o[o] 惡*、餓 | io[io] 約* | ||
| ang[ã] 安 | iang[iã] 陽 | uang[uã] 灣 | |
| än[ẽ] 仙[ɕ-] | iän[iẽ] 演 | üän[yẽ] 冤 | |
| in[iŋ] 印 | üin[yiŋ] 運 | ||
| ong[oŋ] 嗡 | iong[ioŋ]用 | ||
| en[əŋ] 恩 | uen[uəŋ] 問 | ||
| er[ɚ] 而 | |||
| y[ɿ] 死[s-] | |||
| r[ʅ]日*、恥[tʂʰ-] |
- notice
“*” means 5th tone – entering tone。
Tones
[edit]The romanization system uses superscript numbers to mark the five tones of Nanjing dialect. The number is placed on the top right corner of every syllable, where "1" stands for the first tone, "2" stands for the second tone, and so forth.
Reference
[edit]- ^ "漢語方言發音字典 – "Chinese Dialect Pronunciation Dictionary"" (in Chinese).
- ^ "Lang Jin Pin In" (in Chinese).
Category:Romanization of Chinese Category:Phonetic alphabets Category:Phonetic guides Category:Pinyin