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Una Leonora Weatherby

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Una Leonora Weatherby
Born
Una Leonora Foster

(1878-10-11)11 October 1878[1]
Texas, United States[2]
Died17 August 1957(1957-08-17) (aged 78)[2]
Cambridge, Massachusetts, US[2]
Resting placeCenter Cemetery, East Hartford, Connecticut, US[2]
PartnerCharles Alfred Weatherby
Scientific career
FieldsBotany, botanical illustration, scientific illustration.
Botanical illustration by Una Leonora Weatherby (née Foster) of Erigeron pulchellus (Robin's plantain).
Botanical drawing by Una Leonora Weatherby (née Foster), of Onoclea sensibilis (sensitive fern) specimens.

Una Leonora Foster Weatherby (11 October 1878 – 17 August 1957) was an American botanical illustrator, botanical collector, and researcher of gravestones. The daughter of a Texas businessman and lawyer, she graduated college and trained as an artist in early life. During a European trip, she met the botanist Charles Alfred Weatherby, was commissioned to illustrate his works, and the two subsequently married. She continued to collect and illustrate plants, taking a particular interest in ferns, and left a bequest to the American Fern Society after her death. She and her husband were also interested in early American gravestones and their decoration.

Early life and education

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Born on 11 October 1878 in Texas, United States of America, she was the daughter of Arthur Crawford Foster, a wealthy school teacher, lawyer and real estate agent.[1][2][3] Her mother was Margaret Ellen Edwards, a former student of Foster's who died when Una was three, leaving her an only child.[1] Arthur remarried and had other children, of whom a son and two daughters survived infancy.[3][4]

Una attended Baylor University in Waco, Texas, from 1896, before receiving a scholarship to study a Bachelor of Science degree at Shorter Female College in Rome, Georgia.[1][3] She graduated in 1899.[1] In 1902, Una travelled to Boston, firstly to study at the Eric Pope Art School, and then at the Normal Art School with the aim of becoming an art teacher.[1][3]

Career

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In February 1910, Una travelled to Europe, and it was while visiting the Uffizi gallery in Florence that Una met the botanist and herbarium curator Charles Alfred Weatherby, which sparked a close working relationship that saw Una commissioned to illustrate his books and articles.[1]

After a period of lengthy correspondence and occasional visits in the United States, they married in 1917, despite opposition from Weatherby's mother.[5][6] Una "provided critical illustrations of type specimens" and travelled with Charles to Europe to photograph and illustrate further type material.[6]

Botanical legacy

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Una is recognised for her contributions to the field of botany, particularly the study of ferns, through her illustrations and collecting. This includes a series of watercolours of Impatiens biflora, painted circa 1912, that are held by the New England Botanical Club.[1][7]

When the 1913 English publication Wild Flower Preservation, by Mae Coley was being adapted to the U.S. market, to feature North American species, Una was commissioned to create a new illustration of Robin's Plantain.[1][8] She also contributed to the Ferns of Eastern West Virginia.[9]

She also provided a habitat sketch of Ctenopteris punctata in The Ferns of Liberia in 1955.[10]

She was also a botanical collector. She collected the type specimen of Impatiens biflora Walter f. platymeris Weatherby,[11] and jointly collected type material with Charles Alfred Weatherby for:

  • Alnus rugosa f. hypomalaca Fernald, M.L.,[12]
  • Hypericum canadense Linnaeus var. magninsulare Weatherby[13]
  • Pedicularis canadensis Linnaeus var. dobbsii Fernald[14]
  • Rubus mananensis L. H. Bailey[15]
  • Rubus weatherbyi L. H. Bailey[16]
  • Solidago sempervirens Linnaeus f. ochroleuca Weatherby[17]

Her botanical specimens are found in herbaria across the world, although primarily within North America. Institutions caring for her specimens include the Smithsonian Institution, Harvard University Herbaria, and the New England Botanical Club herbarium.[18] Outside of North America, smaller collections of her specimens are held at institutions including the University of Oslo herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, the National Herbarium of Victoria - Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, and the Australian National Herbarium.[18]

After Una's death the American Fern Society, an organisation she had been a member of since 1914, were willed an unrestricted bequest that was used to financially support the American Fern Journal.[1]

Research into gravestones

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Along with her husband Charles, Una photographed early American gravestones and studied their artistic motifs.[2][1] Throughout the 1920s, Una photographed tombstones throughout New England, and after her death her work was reappraised as a "pioneer" in a period where grave stones and their decorative motifs had received little scholarly attention.[19]

The Una F. Weatherby Collection at the Robert S. Cox Special Collections & University Archives Research Center, University of Massachusetts Amherst includes an unpublished manuscript and photographs of gravestones.

Selected publications

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  • Una F. Weatherby. 1952. “The English Names of North American Ferns.” American Fern Journal 42(4): 134–51.[20]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Tryon, Alice F. (1958). "Una Foster Weatherby". American Fern Journal. 48 (4): 129–35. JSTOR 1545448. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Una F. Weatherby Collection". UMass Amherst Libraries Robert S. Cox Special Collections & University Archives Research Center. University of Massachusetts Amherst. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  3. ^ a b c d Paddock, B.B. (1906). History and Biographical Record of North and West Texas (PDF). Chicago: Lewis Publishing Co. pp. 564–566.
  4. ^ "Foster Family Photos". Haskell County, TXGenWeb genealogy & history. TXGenWeb. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  5. ^ Warnement, Judith A. (2010). "Charles Alfred Weatherby: botanist and scientific editor". Archives of Natural History. 37 (1): 170–174. doi:10.3366/E0260954109001740. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  6. ^ a b Wood, Emily W. (2010). "Gray's Herbarium to the Gray Herbarium to the Harvard University Herbaria". Harvard Papers in Botany. 15 (2): 321–342. doi:10.3100/025.015.0212. JSTOR 41761703. S2CID 161304830. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  7. ^ Weatherby, C.A. (1917). "Colour forms of Impatiens biflora". Rhodora. 19 (223): 115–118. JSTOR 23297543. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  8. ^ Coley, M; Weatherby, C.A. (1915). Wild Flower Preservation: A Collector's Guide. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company. p. plate 3.
  9. ^ Gray, Fred W. (1924). "Ferns of Eastern West Virginia. II". American Fern Journal. 14 (1): 1–13. doi:10.2307/1544372. JSTOR 1544372. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  10. ^ Harley, Winifred J. (1955). "The Ferns of Liberia". Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University. 177 (177): 58–101. doi:10.5962/p.336375. JSTOR 41764627. S2CID 249074766. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  11. ^ "Isotype of Impatiens biflora Walter f. platymeris Weatherby". JSTOR Global Plants. ITHAKA. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  12. ^ "Isotype of Alnus rugosa f. hypomalaca Fernald, M.L. 1945 [family BETULACEAE]". JSTOR Global Plants. ITHAKA. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  13. ^ "Holotype of Hypericum canadense Linnaeus var. magninsulare Weatherby". JSTOR Global Plants. ITHAKA. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  14. ^ "Type of Pedicularis canadensis Linnaeus var. dobbsii Fernald [family OROBANCHACEAE]". JSTOR Global Plants. ITHAKA. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  15. ^ "Isotype of Rubus mananensis L. H. Bailey [family ROSACEAE]". JSTOR Global Plants. ITHAKA. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  16. ^ "Isotype of Rubus weatherbyi L. H. Bailey [family ROSACEAE]". JSTOR Global Plants. ITHAKA. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  17. ^ "Holotype of Solidago sempervirens Linnaeus f. ochroleuca Weatherby [family ASTERACEAE]". JSTOR Global Plants. ITHAKA. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  18. ^ a b "Una Leonora Weatherby: Specimens deposited and curated at the following institution(s)". Bionomia. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  19. ^ Cornish, Michael (Fall 1977). "Old Tombstones by [Mrs] C.A. Weatherby". The Association for Gravestone Studies Newsletter. 1 (2): 7. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  20. ^ Weatherby, Una F. (1952). "The English Names of North American Ferns". American Fern Journal. 42 (4): 134–151. doi:10.2307/1545441. JSTOR 1545441. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
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