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Tribals in Madhya Pradesh

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Bhil tribal girls in Jhabua
A Baiga tribe family in Balaghat district, Madhya Pradesh

There are 43 recognized Scheduled Tribes in Madhya Pradesh, India, three of which have been identified as "Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups" or "PTGs" (formerly known as "Special Primitive Tribal Groups"). The population of Scheduled Tribals (ST) is 21.1 per cent of the state population (15.31 million out of 72.62 million), according to the 2011 census.[1] Bounded by the Narmada River to the north and the Godavari River to the southeast, tribal peoples occupy the slopes of the region's mountains.

The term Scheduled Tribes refers to specific indigenous peoples whose status is acknowledged to by the Constitution of India. The term Adivasi also applies to indigenous peoples of this area.

Diversity of tribes

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The diversity in the tribes across the state comes from differences in heredity, lifestyle, cultural traditions, social structure, economic structure, religious beliefs and language and speech. Due to the different linguistic, cultural and geographical environments, the diverse tribal world of Madhya Pradesh has been largely cut off from the mainstream of development.

Madhya Pradesh holds first rank among all the States or Union Territories (UTs) in terms of Special Tribal population and twelfth rank in respect of the proportion of ST population to total population.[2]

Most populous tribes

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According to the 2011 Census of India, Bhil is the most populous tribe with a total population of 4,618,068, constituting 37.7 per cent of the total ST population. Gond is the second largest tribe, with a population of 4,357,918 constituting 35.6 per cent. The next four populous tribes are: Kol, Korku, Sahariya and Baiga. These six tribes constitute 92.2 per cent of the total ST population of the State.

Pardhan, Saur and Bharia Bhumia have a population ranging from 105,692 to 2152,472; together, they form 3.2 per cent of state population. Four tribes, namely, Majhi, Khairwar, Mawasi and Panika have populations in the range of 47,806 to 81,335, and account for another 2.2 per cent of the ST population.

The remaining thirty three tribes (out of the total of 46 tribes) along with the generic tribes constitute the residual 2.5 per cent of total ST population. Tribes having below 1000 population are twelve in number.[2]

Bhils have the highest population in Jhabua district followed by Dhar, Barwani and Khargone districts.

Gonds have major concentrations in Dindori district, Chhindwara, Mandla, Betul, Seoni and Shahdol districts. Other four major groups Kol, Korku, Sahariya and Baiga have registered the highest population in Rewa, Khandwa, Shivpuri and Shahdol districts respectively.[2]

List of recognised tribes

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  1. Agariya
  2. Andh
  3. Baiga
  4. Bhaina
  5. Bharia Bhumia, Bhuinhar Bhumia, Bhumiya, Bharia, Paliha, Pando
  6. Bhattra
  7. Bhil, Bhilala, Barela, Patelia
  8. Bhil Meena
  9. Bhunjia
  10. Biar, Biyar
  11. Binjhwar
  12. Birhul, Birhor
  13. Damor, Damaria
  14. Dhanwar
  15. Gadaba, Gadba
  16. Gond; Arakh, Arrakh, Agaria, Asur, Badi Maria, Bada Maria, Bhatola, Bhimma, Bhuta, Koilabhuta, Koliabhuti, Bhar, Bisonhorn Maria, Chota Maria, Dandami Maria, Dhuru, Dhurwa, Dhoba, Dhulia, Dorla, Gaiki, Gatta, Gatti, Gaita, Gond Gowari, Hill Maria, Kandra, Kalanga, Khatola, Koitar, Koya, Khirwar, Khirwara, Kucha Maria, Kuchaki Maria, Madia, Maria, Mana, Mannewar, Moghya, Mogia, Monghya, Mudia, Muria, Nagarchi, Nagwanshi, Ojha, Raj, Sonjhari Jhareka, Thatia, Thotya, Wade Maria, Vade Maria, Daroi
  17. Halba, Halbi
  18. Kamar
  19. Karku
  20. Kawar, Kanwar, Kaur, Cherwa, Rathia, Tanwar, Chattri
  22. Khairwar, Kondar
  23. Kharia
  24. Kondh, Khond, Kandh
  25. Kol
  26. Kolam
  27. Korku, Bopchi, Mouasi, Nihal, Nahul, Bondhi, Bondeya
  28. Korwa, Kodaku
  29. Majhi
  30. Majhwar
  31. Mawasi
  33. Munda
  34. Nagesia, Nagasia
  35. Oraon, Dhanka, Dhangad
  36. Panika (in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rewa, Satna, Shahdol, Sidhi and Tikamgarh districts)
  37. Pao
  38. Pardhan, Pathari Saroti
  40. Pardhi (Bahelia, Bahellia, Chita Pardhi, Langoli Pardhi, Phans Pardhi, Shikari, Takankar, Takia)
    1. Bastar, Chhindwara, Mandla, Raigarh, Seoni and Surguja districts.
    2. Baihar tehsil of Balaghat district.
    3. Betul and Bhainsdehi tehsils of Betul district.
    4. Bilaspur and Katghora tehsils of Bilaspur district
    5. Durg and Balod tehsils of Durg district.
    6. Chowki, Manpur and Mohala Revenue Inspectors Circles of Rajnandgaon district.
    7. Murwara, Patan and Sihora tehsils of Jabalpur district
    8. Hoshangabad and Sohagpur tehsils of Hoshangabad district and Narsimhapur district.
    9. Harsud tehsil of East Nimar district.
    10. Dhamtari and Mahasamund districts.
    11. Bindra-Nawagarh tehsil of Raipur district.
  41. Parja
  42. Sahariya, Saharia, Seharia, Sehria, Sosia, Sor
  43. Saonta, Saunta
  44. Saur
  45. Sawar, Sawara
  46. Sonr

References

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  1. ^ Ministry of Tribal Affairs (2015), Demographic Status of Scheduled Tribe Population of India: State wise, 2011 (PDF), Government of India, archived from the original on 2015-04-04, retrieved 2015-03-05
  2. ^ a b c "Madhya Pradesh: DATA HIGHLIGHTS: THE SCHEDULED TRIBES, Census of India 2001" (PDF). Govt. of Madhya Pradesh. Retrieved 2010-04-09.
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