Ammonium phosphate

Ammonium phosphate^[1]
Names
	IUPAC name ammonium phosphate
	Other names triammonium phosphate
Identifiers
CAS Number	10361-65-6 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	140090 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.709
EC Number	269-789-9;
PubChem CID	159282;
UNII	2ZJF06M0I9 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID8052778 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/3H3N.H3O4P/c;;;1-5(2,3)4/h31H3;(H3,1,2,3,4) Key: ZRIUUUJAJJNDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/3H3N.H3O4P/c;;;1-5(2,3)4/h31H3;(H3,1,2,3,4) Key: ZRIUUUJAJJNDSS-UHFFFAOYAA;
	SMILES [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+];
Properties
Chemical formula	(NH4)3PO4
Molar mass	149.09 g/mol
Appearance	White, tetrahedral crystals
Solubility in water	58.0 g/100 mL (25 °C)
Solubility	Insoluble in acetone
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H302, H319
Precautionary statements	P264, P270, P280, P301+P312, P305+P351+P338, P330, P337+P313, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	2 0 0
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−1671.9 kJ/mol
Related compounds
Other cations	Trisodium phosphate; Tripotassium phosphate
Related compounds	Diammonium phosphate; Monoammonium phosphate
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Ammonium phosphate is the inorganic compound with the formula (NH₄)₃PO₄. It is the ammonium salt of orthophosphoric acid. A related "double salt", (NH₄)₃PO₄^.(NH₄)₂HPO₄ is also recognized but is impractical to use. Both triammonium salts evolve ammonia. In contrast to the unstable nature of the triammonium salts, the diammonium phosphate (NH₄)₂HPO₄ and monoammonium salt (NH₄)H₂PO₄ are stable materials that are commonly used as fertilizers to provide plants with fixed nitrogen and phosphorus.^[3]

Preparation of triammonium phosphate

Triammonium phosphate can be prepared in the laboratory by treating 85% phosphoric acid with 30% ammonia solution:^{[citation needed]}

H₃PO₄ + 3 NH₃ → (NH₄)₃PO₄

(NH₄)₃PO₄ is a colorless, crystalline solid. The solid, which has the odor of ammonia, is readily soluble in water. The salt converts to diammonium hydrogen phosphate (NH₄)₂HPO₄.

References

^ Lide, David R. (1998). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 4–42, 5–19. ISBN 978-0-8493-0594-8.
^ John Rumble (June 18, 2018). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (99th ed.). CRC Press. pp. 4–41. ISBN 978-1138561632.
^ Schrödter, Klaus; Bettermann, Gerhard; Staffel, Thomas; Wahl, Friedrich; Klein, Thomas; Hofmann, Thomas (2008). "Phosphoric Acid and Phosphates". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a19_465.pub3. ISBN 978-3527306732.

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[hand-1] Lide, David R. (1998). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 4–42, 5–19. ISBN 978-0-8493-0594-8.

[crc-2] John Rumble (June 18, 2018). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (99th ed.). CRC Press. pp. 4–41. ISBN 978-1138561632.

[Ullmann-3] Schrödter, Klaus; Bettermann, Gerhard; Staffel, Thomas; Wahl, Friedrich; Klein, Thomas; Hofmann, Thomas (2008). "Phosphoric Acid and Phosphates". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a19_465.pub3. ISBN 978-3527306732.

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[2]

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Preparation of triammonium phosphate

See also

References