Timeline of the 2018 North Indian Ocean cyclone season

Timeline of the
2018 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
Timeline of the; 2018 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
	Season summary map
Season boundaries
First system formed	March 13, 2018
Last system dissipated	December 17, 2018
Strongest system
Name	Mekunu
Maximum winds	175 km/h (110 mph); (3-minute sustained)
Lowest pressure	960 hPa (mbar)
Longest lasting system
Name	Gaja
Duration	9.625 days
Storm articles
	Cyclone Sagar; Cyclone Mekunu; Cyclone Luban; Cyclone Titli; Cyclone Gaja; Cyclone Phethai; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
	Other years ; 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020

The 2018 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an above-average period of tropical cyclone formation in the Northern Indian Ocean. The season featured 14 depressions, 10 deep depressions, 7 cyclonic storms, 5 severe cyclonic storms, 4 very severe cyclonic storms, and 1 extremely severe cyclonic storm. The season has no official boundaries,^{[citation needed]} though storms typically form between April and December, with peaks in tropical cyclone activity from May–June and in November.^[1]

The India Meteorological Department (IMD) is the official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre for the Northern Indian Ocean basin,^[2] and as such, it is responsible for tracking and issuing advisories on systems in the Arabian Sea and in the Bay of Bengal.^[3] If tropical cyclones in the Northern Indian Ocean reach winds of 34 kn (63 km/h; 39 mph), it is given a name from a pre-defined naming list.^[4] The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) unofficially issues advisories on systems in the Northern Indian Ocean,^[5] assigning tropical cyclones a numerical identifier^[6] and suffixing it with the letter A for systems in the Arabian Sra and B for systems in the Bay of Bengal.^[7] The IMD measures tropical cyclone wind speeds over a 3-minute average^[8] while the JTWC uses a 1-minute average.^[6]

Timeline

March

March 13

03:00 UTC at 5°00′N 76°00′E / 5.0°N 76.0°E / 5.0; 76.0 – the IMD upgrades a well-marked low-pressure area in the Arabian Sea to a depression, estimating maximum 3-minute sustained winds of 45 km/h (30 mph) and a minimum central pressure of 1006 hPa (mbar; 29.71 inHg).^[9]^: 32–33

March 15

00:00 UTC – the IMD downgrades the depression to a well-marked low over Lakshadweep.^[9]^: 33

May

May 16

00:00 UTC at 12°00′N 52°42′E / 12.0°N 52.7°E / 12.0; 52.7 – the JTWC upgrades a disturbance to a tropical depression, assigning it the designation 01A.^[10]
12:00 UTC at 13°00′N 50°00′E / 13.0°N 50.0°E / 13.0; 50.0 – the IMD upgrades 01A to a depression.^[9]^: 40, 42
18:00 UTC at 13°12′N 49°42′E / 13.2°N 49.7°E / 13.2; 49.7 – the JTWC upgrades 01A to a tropical storm.^[10]

May 17

00:00 UTC at 13°12′N 49°00′E / 13.2°N 49.0°E / 13.2; 49.0 – the IMD upgrades 01A to a deep depression.^[9]^: 42
03:00 UTC at 13°12′N 48°42′E / 13.2°N 48.7°E / 13.2; 48.7 – the IMD upgrades 01A to a cyclonic storm, assigning it the name Sagar.^[9]^: 40, 42

May 18

03:00 UTC at 12°12′N 46°18′E / 12.2°N 46.3°E / 12.2; 46.3 – the IMD estimates Sagar to have peaked in intensity with maximum 3-minute sustained winds of 85 km/h (50 mph) and a minimum central pressure of 994 hPa (mbar; 29.35 inHg).^[9]^: 42
18:00 UTC at 11°12′N 45°06′E / 11.2°N 45.1°E / 11.2; 45.1 – the JTWC upgrades Sagar to a Category 1-equivalent cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale, estimating maximum 1-minute sustained winds of 120 km/h (75 mph).^[10]

May 19

00:00 UTC at 10°54′N 44°42′E / 10.9°N 44.7°E / 10.9; 44.7 – the JTWC downgrades Sagar to a tropical storm.^[10]
between 08:00 and 09:00 UTC at 10°39′N 44°00′E / 10.65°N 44.0°E / 10.65; 44.0 – Sagar makes landfall on Somalia.^[9]^: 42
18:00 UTC at 10°12′N 43°18′E / 10.2°N 43.3°E / 10.2; 43.3 – the IMD downgrades Sagar to a deep depression.^[9]^: 42

May 20

00:00 UTC at 10°00′N 42°54′E / 10.0°N 42.9°E / 10.0; 42.9 – the IMD downgrades Sagar to a depression.^[9]^: 42
03:00 UTC – the IMD downgrades Sagar to a well-marked low.^[9]^: 42
06:00 UTC at 9°48′N 41°48′E / 9.8°N 41.8°E / 9.8; 41.8 – the JTWC downgrades Sagar to a tropical depression.^[10]

May 21

06:00 UTC at 7°54′N 58°36′E / 7.9°N 58.6°E / 7.9; 58.6 – the JTWC begins monitoring a tropical depression in the Arabian Sea, assigning it the designation 02A.^[10]
12:00 UTC at 8°30′N 58°30′E / 8.5°N 58.5°E / 8.5; 58.5 – the IMD upgrades 02A to a depression.^[9]^: 60

May 22

00:00 UTC at 9°06′N 57°30′E / 9.1°N 57.5°E / 9.1; 57.5 – the JTWC upgrades 02A to a tropical storm.^[10]
03:00 UTC at 9°12′N 57°12′E / 9.2°N 57.2°E / 9.2; 57.2 – the IMD upgrades 02A to a deep depression.^[9]^: 60
12:00 UTC at 9°12′N 57°12′E / 9.2°N 57.2°E / 9.2; 57.2 – the IMD upgrades 02A to a cyclonic storm, assigning it the name Mekunu.^[9]^: 58, 61

May 23

03:00 UTC at 11°12′N 55°54′E / 11.2°N 55.9°E / 11.2; 55.9 – the IMD upgrades Mekunu to a severe cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 61
09:00 UTC at 11°48′N 55°54′E / 11.8°N 55.9°E / 11.8; 55.9 – the IMD upgrades Mekunu to a very severe cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 61
12:00 UTC at 11°54′N 56°06′E / 11.9°N 56.1°E / 11.9; 56.1 – the JTWC upgrades Mekunu to a Category 1-equivalent cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale.^[10]

May 25

00:00 UTC at 15°12′N 54°42′E / 15.2°N 54.7°E / 15.2; 54.7 – the JTWC upgrades Mekunu to a Category 2-equivalent cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale.^[10]
03:00 UTC at 15°24′N 54°30′E / 15.4°N 54.5°E / 15.4; 54.5 – the IMD upgrades Mekunu to an extremely severe cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 61
12:00 UTC at 16°24′N 54°06′E / 16.4°N 54.1°E / 16.4; 54.1 – the IMD estimates Mekunu to have peaked in intensity with maximum 3-minute sustained winds of 175 km/h (110 mph) and a minimum central pressure of 960 hPa (mbar; 28.35 inHg).^[9]^: 61
12:00 UTC at 16°18′N 54°24′E / 16.3°N 54.4°E / 16.3; 54.4 – the JTWC upgrades Mekunu to a Category 3-equivalent cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale, estimating maximum 1-minute sustained winds of 185 km/h (115 mph).^[10]
between 18:30 and 19:30 UTC at 16°51′N 53°45′E / 16.85°N 53.75°E / 16.85; 53.75 – Mekunu makes landfall on Oman.^[9]^: 61

May 26

00:00 UTC at 17°12′N 53°30′E / 17.2°N 53.5°E / 17.2; 53.5 – the IMD downgrades Mekunu to a very severe cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 61
00:00 UTC at 17°12′N 53°30′E / 17.2°N 53.5°E / 17.2; 53.5 – the JTWC downgrades Mekunu to a Category 2-equivalent cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale.^[10]
03:00 UTC at 17°24′N 53°24′E / 17.4°N 53.4°E / 17.4; 53.4 – the IMD downgrades Mekunu to a severe cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 61
06:00 UTC at 17°54′N 53°18′E / 17.9°N 53.3°E / 17.9; 53.3 – the JTWC downgrades Mekunu to a Category 1-equivalent cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale.^[10]
09:00 UTC at 18°06′N 53°06′E / 18.1°N 53.1°E / 18.1; 53.1 – the IMD downgrades Mekunu to a cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 61
12:00 UTC at 18°36′N 53°06′E / 18.6°N 53.1°E / 18.6; 53.1 – the JTWC downgrades Mekunu to a tropical storm.^[10]
18:00 UTC at 18°36′N 52°48′E / 18.6°N 52.8°E / 18.6; 52.8 – the IMD downgrades Mekunu to a deep depression.^[9]^: 61

May 27

00:00 UTC at 19°00′N 52°36′E / 19.0°N 52.6°E / 19.0; 52.6 – the IMD downgrades Mekunu to a depression.^[9]^: 61
03:00 UTC – the IMD downgrades Mekunu to a well-marked low.^[9]^: 61
06:00 UTC at 19°00′N 52°00′E / 19.0°N 52.0°E / 19.0; 52.0 – the JTWC downgrades Mekunu to a tropical depression.^[10]

May 28

06:00 UTC at 16°30′N 90°12′E / 16.5°N 90.2°E / 16.5; 90.2 – the JTWC upgrades a disturbance in the Bay of Bengal to a tropical depression, assigning it the designation 03B.^[10]
18:00 UTC at 17°48′N 91°30′E / 17.8°N 91.5°E / 17.8; 91.5 – the JTWC downgrades 03B to a tropical wave.^[10]

May 29

00:00 UTC at 18°18′N 92°00′E / 18.3°N 92.0°E / 18.3; 92.0 – the JTWC upgrades 03B to a tropical storm.^[10]
06:00 UTC at 18°30′N 92°12′E / 18.5°N 92.2°E / 18.5; 92.2 – the IMD upgrades 03B to a depression.^[9]^: 81
12:00 UTC at 19°12′N 93°00′E / 19.2°N 93.0°E / 19.2; 93.0 – the IMD estimates 03B to have peaked in intensity with maximum 3-minute sustained winds of 55 km/h (35 mph) and a minimum central pressure of 992 hPa (mbar; 29.29 inHg).^[9]^: 81
12:00 UTC at 19°30′N 93°30′E / 19.5°N 93.5°E / 19.5; 93.5 – the JTWC estimates 03B to have peaked in intensity with maximum 1-minute sustained winds of 85 km/h (50 mph).^[10]
between 17:00 and 18:00 UTC – 03B makes landfall north of Kyaukphyu.^[9]^: 81
18:00 UTC at 19°48′N 93°42′E / 19.8°N 93.7°E / 19.8; 93.7 – the IMD upgrades 03B to a deep depression.^[9]^: 81

May 30

00:00 UTC at 21°18′N 95°42′E / 21.3°N 95.7°E / 21.3; 95.7 – the JTWC downgrades 03B to a tropical depression.^[10]
03:00 UTC at 21°48′N 95°48′E / 21.8°N 95.8°E / 21.8; 95.8 – the IMD downgrades 03B to a depression.^[9]^: 81
06:00 UTC – the IMD downgrades 03B to a well-marked low.^[9]^: 81

June

June 10

06:00 UTC at 22°18′N 91°30′E / 22.3°N 91.5°E / 22.3; 91.5 – the IMD upgrades a well-marked low in the Bay of Bengal to a depression.^[9]^: 87–88
12:00 UTC at 22°42′N 91°24′E / 22.7°N 91.4°E / 22.7; 91.4 – the IMD estimates the depression to have peaked in intensity with maximum 3-minute sustained winds of 45 km/h (30 mph) and a minimum central pressure of 988 hPa (mbar; 29.18 inHg).^[9]^: 88
15:00 UTC at 23°06′N 91°12′E / 23.1°N 91.2°E / 23.1; 91.2 – the depression makes landfall on Feni.^[9]^: 88

June 11

00:00 UTC – the IMD downgrades the depression to a well-marked low.^[9]^: 88

July

July 21

03:00 UTC at 21°00′N 88°00′E / 21.0°N 88.0°E / 21.0; 88.0 – the IMD upgrades a well-marked low in the Bay of Bengal to a depression.^[9]^: 93, 95
09:00 UTC at 21°30′N 87°36′E / 21.5°N 87.6°E / 21.5; 87.6 – the IMD upgrades the system to a deep depression, estimating maximum 3-minute sustained winds of 55 km/h (35 mph) and a minimum central pressure of 988 hPa (mbar; 29.18 inHg).^[9]^: 95
between 11:00 and 12:00 UTC – the system makes landfall south of Digha.^[9]^: 95
18:00 UTC at 22°00′N 87°00′E / 22.0°N 87.0°E / 22.0; 87.0 – the IMD downgrades the system to a depression.^[9]^: 95

July 23

00:00 UTC – the IMD downgrades the system to a well-marked low.^[9]^: 95

August

August 7

09:00 UTC at 21°30′N 87°30′E / 21.5°N 87.5°E / 21.5; 87.5 – the IMD upgrades a well-marked low in the Bay of Bengal to a depression, estimating maximum 3-minute sustained winds of 45 km/h (30 mph) and a minimum central pressure of 992 Hpa (mbar; 29.29 inHg).^[9]^{: 102–103}
between 14:30 and 16:30 UTC – the depression makes landfall close to Balasore.^[9]^: 103

August 8

03:00 UTC – the IMD downgrades the depression to a well-marked low.^[9]^: 103

August 15

03:00 UTC at 20°00′N 86°00′E / 20.0°N 86.0°E / 20.0; 86.0 – the IMD upgrades a well-marked low in the Bay of Bengal to a depression, estimating maximum sustained 3-minute winds of 45 km/h (30 mph) and a minimum central pressure of 993 Hpa (mbar; 29.32 inHg).^[9]^{: 112–113}

August 17

03:00 UTC – the IMD downgrades the depression to a well-marked low.^[9]^: 113

September

September 6

00:00 UTC at 21°48′N 88°00′E / 21.8°N 88.0°E / 21.8; 88.0 – the IMD upgrades a well-marked low in the Bay of Bengal to a depression.^[9]^{: 121, 123}
03:00 UTC at 21°48′N 87°54′E / 21.8°N 87.9°E / 21.8; 87.9 – the IMD upgrades the system to a deep depression, estimating maximum 3-minute sustained winds of 55 km/h (35 mph).^[9]^: 123
between 04:30 and 05:30 UTC – the system makes landfall close to Digha.^[9]^: 123

September 7

00:00 UTC at 22°12′N 84°00′E / 22.2°N 84.0°E / 22.2; 84.0 – the IMD downgrades the system to a depression.^[9]^: 123
06:00 UTC – the IMD downgrades the system to a well-marked low.^[9]^: 123

September 19

15:00 UTC at 17°12′N 89°00′E / 17.2°N 89.0°E / 17.2; 89.0 – the IMD upgrades a well-marked low in the Bay of Bengal to a depression.^[9]^{: 131, 133}
18:00 UTC at 16°54′N 87°24′E / 16.9°N 87.4°E / 16.9; 87.4 – the JTWC upgrades the system to a tropical depression, assigning it the designation 04B and estimating maximum 1-minute sustained winds of 65 km/h (40 mph).^[10]

September 20

03:00 UTC at 17°30′N 87°00′E / 17.5°N 87.0°E / 17.5; 87.0 – the IMD upgrades 04B to a deep depression.^[9]^: 133
12:00 UTC at 18°12′N 86°24′E / 18.2°N 86.4°E / 18.2; 86.4 – the JTWC upgrades 04B to a tropical storm.^[10]
15:00 UTC at 18°42′N 85°36′E / 18.7°N 85.6°E / 18.7; 85.6 – the IMD upgrades 04B to a cyclonic storm, assigning it the name Daye and estimating maximum 3-minute sustained winds of 65 km/h (40 mph) and a minimum central pressure of 992 Hpa (mbar; 29.29 inHg).^[9]^: 133
between 19:00 and 20:00 UTC at 19°16′N 84°55′E / 19.27°N 84.92°E / 19.27; 84.92 – Daye makes landfall on Gopalpur.^[9]^: 133

September 21

00:00 UTC at 20°00′N 83°42′E / 20.0°N 83.7°E / 20.0; 83.7 – the IMD downgrades Daye to a deep depression.^[9]^: 133
06:00 UTC at 19°48′N 81°42′E / 19.8°N 81.7°E / 19.8; 81.7 – the JTWC downgrades Daye to a tropical depression.^[10]
12:00 UTC at 21°24′N 80°12′E / 21.4°N 80.2°E / 21.4; 80.2 – the IMD downgrades Daye to a depression.^[9]^: 133

September 22

12:00 UTC – the IMD downgrades Daye to a well-marked low.^[9]^: 133

October

October 6

06:00 UTC at 11°00′N 67°06′E / 11.0°N 67.1°E / 11.0; 67.1 – the JTWC upgrades a disturbance in the Arabian Sea to a tropical depression, assigning it the designation 04A.^[10]
09:00 UTC at 11°12′N 67°00′E / 11.2°N 67.0°E / 11.2; 67.0 – the IMD upgrades 05A to a depression.^[9]^: 152

October 7

09:00 UTC at 12°00′N 64°48′E / 12.0°N 64.8°E / 12.0; 64.8 – the IMD upgrades 05A to a deep depression.^[9]^: 152
18:00 UTC at 11°48′N 63°24′E / 11.8°N 63.4°E / 11.8; 63.4 – the JTWC upgrades 05A to a tropical storm.^[10]

October 8

00:00 UTC at 12°18′N 62°24′E / 12.3°N 62.4°E / 12.3; 62.4 – the IMD upgrades 05A to a cyclonic storm, assigning it the name Luban.^[9]^: 152
03:00 UTC at 14°00′N 88°48′E / 14.0°N 88.8°E / 14.0; 88.8 – the IMD upgrades a well-marked low in the Bay of Bengal to a depression.^[9]^{: 180, 182}
06:00 UTC at 14°12′N 88°00′E / 14.2°N 88.0°E / 14.2; 88.0 – the JTWC upgrades the system to a tropical depression, assigning it the designation 06B.^[10]
18:00 UTC at 14°30′N 87°36′E / 14.5°N 87.6°E / 14.5; 87.6 – the IMD upgrades 06B to a deep depression.^[9]^: 182

October 9

00:00 UTC at 14°36′N 87°06′E / 14.6°N 87.1°E / 14.6; 87.1 – the JTWC upgrades 06B to a tropical storm.^[10]
06:00 UTC at 14°48′N 86°42′E / 14.8°N 86.7°E / 14.8; 86.7 – the IMD upgrades 06B to a cyclonic storm, assigning it the name Titli.^[9]^: 182
09:00 UTC at 13°12′N 60°00′E / 13.2°N 60.0°E / 13.2; 60.0 – the IMD upgrades Luban to a severe cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 152
18:00 UTC at 13°42′N 59°48′E / 13.7°N 59.8°E / 13.7; 59.8 – the JTWC upgrades Luban to a Category 1-equivalent cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale.^[10]
21:00 UTC at 15°42′N 85°48′E / 15.7°N 85.8°E / 15.7; 85.8 – the IMD upgrades Titli to a severe cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 182

October 10

00:00 UTC at 14°06′N 59°00′E / 14.1°N 59.0°E / 14.1; 59.0 – the IMD upgrades Luban to a very severe cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 152
00:00 UTC at 16°06′N 86°12′E / 16.1°N 86.2°E / 16.1; 86.2 – the JTWC upgrades Titli to a Category 1-equivalent cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale.^[10]
06:00 UTC at 14°12′N 58°54′E / 14.2°N 58.9°E / 14.2; 58.9 – the IMD estimates Luban to have peaked in intensity with maximum 3-minute sustained winds of 140 km/h (85 mph) and a minimum central pressure of 978 hPa (mbar; 28.88 inHg).^[9]^: 152
06:00 UTC at 17°00′N 85°36′E / 17.0°N 85.6°E / 17.0; 85.6 – the IMD upgrades Titli to a very severe cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 182
12:00 UTC at 14°24′N 58°36′E / 14.4°N 58.6°E / 14.4; 58.6 – the JTWC upgrades Luban to a Category 2-equivalent cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale, estimating maximum 1-minute sustained winds of 155 km/h (100 mph).^[10]
12:00 UTC at 17°30′N 85°18′E / 17.5°N 85.3°E / 17.5; 85.3 – the IMD estimates Titli to have peaked in intensity with maximum 3-minute sustained winds of 150 km/h (90 mph) and a minimum central pressure of 970 hPa (mbar; 28.64 inHg).^[9]^: 182
12:00 UTC at 17°36′N 85°18′E / 17.6°N 85.3°E / 17.6; 85.3 – the JTWC upgrades Titli to a Category 2-equivalent cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale.^[10]
18:00 UTC at 18°18′N 84°48′E / 18.3°N 84.8°E / 18.3; 84.8 – the JTWC upgrades Titli to a Category 3-equivalent cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale, estimating maximum 1-minute sustained winds of 195 km/h (120 mph).^[10]
between 23:00 UTC and 00:00 UTC October 11 at 18°48′N 84°30′E / 18.8°N 84.5°E / 18.8; 84.5 – Titli makes landfall on Andhra Pradesh.^[9]^: 182

October 11

00:00 UTC at 14°24′N 58°12′E / 14.4°N 58.2°E / 14.4; 58.2 – the JTWC downgrades Luban to a Category 1-equivalent cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale.^[10]
06:00 UTC at 19°18′N 83°48′E / 19.3°N 83.8°E / 19.3; 83.8 – the IMD downgrades Titli to a severe cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 183
06:00 UTC at 19°00′N 83°54′E / 19.0°N 83.9°E / 19.0; 83.9 – the JTWC downgrades Titli to a Category 1-equivalent cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale.^[10]
12:00 UTC at 14°30′N 57°54′E / 14.5°N 57.9°E / 14.5; 57.9 – the JTWC downgrades Luban to a tropical storm.^[10]
12:00 UTC at 19°54′N 83°42′E / 19.9°N 83.7°E / 19.9; 83.7 – the IMD downgrades Titli to a cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 183
18:00 UTC at 20°18′N 84°18′E / 20.3°N 84.3°E / 20.3; 84.3 – the IMD downgrades Titli to a deep depression.^[9]^: 183
18:00 UTC at 19°54′N 84°06′E / 19.9°N 84.1°E / 19.9; 84.1 – the JTWC downgrades Titli to a tropical storm.^[10]

October 12

03:00 UTC at 14°42′N 57°24′E / 14.7°N 57.4°E / 14.7; 57.4 – the IMD downgrades Luban to a severe cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 153
06:00 UTC at 21°18′N 85°30′E / 21.3°N 85.5°E / 21.3; 85.5 – the JTWC downgrades Titli to a tropical depression.^[10]
09:00 UTC at 20°54′N 85°30′E / 20.9°N 85.5°E / 20.9; 85.5 – the IMD downgrades Titli to a depression.^[9]^: 183
18:00 UTC at 14°48′N 56°36′E / 14.8°N 56.6°E / 14.8; 56.6 – the IMD downgrades Luban to a cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 153

October 13

00:00 UTC at 20°54′N 85°30′E / 20.9°N 85.5°E / 20.9; 85.5 – the IMD downgrades Titli to a well-marked low.^[9]^: 183

October 14

between 05:30 and 06:00 UTC at 15°48′N 52°12′E / 15.8°N 52.2°E / 15.8; 52.2 – Luban makes landfall on Oman.^[9]^: 153
09:00 UTC at 15°54′N 51°42′E / 15.9°N 51.7°E / 15.9; 51.7 – the IMD downgrades Luban to a deep depression.^[9]^: 153
12:00 UTC at 16°12′N 51°36′E / 16.2°N 51.6°E / 16.2; 51.6 – the JTWC downgrades Luban to a tropical depression.^[10]
18:00 UTC at 16°12′N 50°42′E / 16.2°N 50.7°E / 16.2; 50.7 – the IMD downgrades Luban to a depression.^[9]^: 153

October 15

03:00 UTC – the IMD downgrades Luban to a well-marked low.^[9]^: 153

November

November 10

03:00 UTC at 11°42′N 92°30′E / 11.7°N 92.5°E / 11.7; 92.5 – the IMD upgrades a well-marked low in the Bay of Bengal to a depression.^[9]^{: 206, 209}
12:00 UTC at 12°36′N 90°48′E / 12.6°N 90.8°E / 12.6; 90.8 – the IMD upgrades the system to a deep depression.^[9]^: 209
18:00 UTC at 13°12′N 89°42′E / 13.2°N 89.7°E / 13.2; 89.7 – the JTWC upgrades the system to a tropical storm, assigning it the designation 07B.^[10]

November 11

00:00 UTC at 13°24′N 89°18′E / 13.4°N 89.3°E / 13.4; 89.3 – the IMD upgrades 07B to a cyclonic storm, assigning it the name Gaja.^[9]^: 209

November 12

12:00 UTC at 12°54′N 87°48′E / 12.9°N 87.8°E / 12.9; 87.8 – the JTWC downgrades Gaja to a tropical depression.^[10]

November 13

18:00 UTC at 13°24′N 85°48′E / 13.4°N 85.8°E / 13.4; 85.8 – the JTWC upgrades Gaja to a tropical storm.^[10]

November 15

03:00 UTC at 11°18′N 82°36′E / 11.3°N 82.6°E / 11.3; 82.6 – the IMD upgrades Gaja to a severe cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 210
06:00 UTC at 11°18′N 82°18′E / 11.3°N 82.3°E / 11.3; 82.3 – the JTWC upgrades Gaja to a Category 1-equivalent cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale.^[10]
15:00 UTC at 10°36′N 80°42′E / 10.6°N 80.7°E / 10.6; 80.7 – the IMD upgrades Gaja to a very severe cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 210
18:00 UTC at 10°30′N 80°18′E / 10.5°N 80.3°E / 10.5; 80.3 – the IMD estimates Gaja to have peaked in intensity with maximum 3-minute sustained winds of 130 km/h (80 mph) and a minimum central pressure of 976 hPa (mbar; 28.82 inHg).^[9]^: 210
18:00 UTC at 10°36′N 80°12′E / 10.6°N 80.2°E / 10.6; 80.2 – the JTWC estimates Gaja to have peaked in intensity with maximum 1-minute sustained winds of 150 km/h (90 mph).^[10]
between 19:00 and 21:00 UTC at 10°27′N 79°48′E / 10.45°N 79.8°E / 10.45; 79.8 – Gaja makes landfall between Nagapattinam and Vedaranyam.^[9]^: 210

November 16

00:00 UTC at 10°24′N 79°12′E / 10.4°N 79.2°E / 10.4; 79.2 – the IMD downgrades Gaja to a severe cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 210
03:00 UTC at 10°24′N 78°30′E / 10.4°N 78.5°E / 10.4; 78.5 – the IMD downgrades Gaja to a cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 210
06:00 UTC at 10°30′N 77°36′E / 10.5°N 77.6°E / 10.5; 77.6 – the IMD downgrades Gaja to a deep depression.^[9]^: 210
06:00 UTC at 10°24′N 77°42′E / 10.4°N 77.7°E / 10.4; 77.7 – the JTWC downgrades Gaja to a tropical storm.^[10]
12:00 UTC at 10°06′N 76°24′E / 10.1°N 76.4°E / 10.1; 76.4 – the IMD downgrades Gaja to a depression.^[9]^: 210

November 17

00:00 UTC at 9°48′N 74°18′E / 9.8°N 74.3°E / 9.8; 74.3 – the IMD upgrades Gaja to a deep depression.^[9]^: 210

November 18

00:00 UTC at 10°30′N 70°00′E / 10.5°N 70.0°E / 10.5; 70.0 – the JTWC downgrades Gaja to a tropical depression.^[10]
12:00 UTC at 10°30′N 68°24′E / 10.5°N 68.4°E / 10.5; 68.4 – the JTWC downgrades Gaja to a disturbance.^[10]

November 19

06:00 UTC at 11°12′N 65°48′E / 11.2°N 65.8°E / 11.2; 65.8 – the IMD downgrades Gaja to a depression.^[9]^: 211
18:00 UTC – the IMD downgrades Gaja to a well-marked low.^[9]^: 211

December

December 13

00:00 UTC at 6°30′N 88°42′E / 6.5°N 88.7°E / 6.5; 88.7 – the IMD upgrades a well-marked low in the Bay of Bengal to a depression.^[9]^{: 244, 246}
12:00 UTC at 6°54′N 88°54′E / 6.9°N 88.9°E / 6.9; 88.9 – the JTWC upgrades the system to a tropical depression, assigning it the designation 07B.^[10]
18:00 UTC at 7°36′N 88°00′E / 7.6°N 88.0°E / 7.6; 88.0 – the IMD upgrades 07B to a deep depression.^[9]^: 244

December 15

06:00 UTC at 9°42′N 85°24′E / 9.7°N 85.4°E / 9.7; 85.4 – the JTWC upgrades 07B to a tropical storm.^[10]
12:00 UTC at 10°18′N 84°54′E / 10.3°N 84.9°E / 10.3; 84.9 – the IMD upgrades 07B to a cyclonic storm, assigning it the name Phethai.^[9]^: 244

December 16

09:00 UTC at 12°36′N 83°36′E / 12.6°N 83.6°E / 12.6; 83.6 – the IMD upgrades Phethai to a severe cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 244
12:00 UTC at 13°18′N 83°00′E / 13.3°N 83.0°E / 13.3; 83.0 – the IMD estimates Phethai to have peaked in intensity with maximum 3-minute sustained winds of 100 km/h (65 mph) and a minimum central pressure of 992 hPa (mbar; 29.29 inHg).^[9]^: 245
12:00 UTC at 13°24′N 83°06′E / 13.4°N 83.1°E / 13.4; 83.1 – the JTWC estimates Phethai to have peaked in intensity with maximum 1-minute sustained winds of 100 km/h (65 mph).^[10]

December 17

03:00 UTC at 15°48′N 82°12′E / 15.8°N 82.2°E / 15.8; 82.2 – the IMD downgrades Phethai to a cyclonic storm.^[9]^: 245
between 08:00 and 09:00 UTC at 16°33′N 82°15′E / 16.55°N 82.25°E / 16.55; 82.25 – Phethai makes landfall south of Yanam.^[9]^: 245
12:00 UTC at 16°54′N 82°24′E / 16.9°N 82.4°E / 16.9; 82.4 – the IMD downgrades Phethai to a deep depression.^[9]^: 245
12:00 UTC at 16°48′N 82°30′E / 16.8°N 82.5°E / 16.8; 82.5 – the JTWC downgrades Phethai to a tropical depression.^[10]
between 14:00 and 15:00 UTC – Phethai makes landfall near Tuni.^[9]^: 245
18:00 UTC at 17°30′N 82°30′E / 17.5°N 82.5°E / 17.5; 82.5 – the IMD downgrades Phethai to a depression.^[9]^: 245

December 18

00:00 UTC – the IMD downgrades Phethai to a well-marked low.^[9]^: 245

References

^ Kruk, Michael C. (September 1, 2019). "State of the Climate in 2018". North Indian Ocean Basin. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 100 (9). American Meteorological Society: S127–S128. doi:10.1175/2019BAMSStateoftheClimate.1. hdl:10669/80308.
^ "Worldwide Tropical Cyclone Centers". National Hurricane Center. Miami, Florida. Retrieved August 24, 2021.
^ "Activities of RSMC, New Delhi". India Meteorological Department. Retrieved August 24, 2021.
^ Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan for the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea: 2020 (Report). Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization. 2020. p. 12. Retrieved August 24, 2021.
^ "Products and Services Notice". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Pearl Harbor, Florida. Retrieved August 24, 2021.
^ ^a ^b "Frequently Asked Questions". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Pearl Harbor, Florida. Retrieved August 24, 2021.
^ "North Indian Ocean Best Track Data". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Pearl Harbor, Florida. Retrieved August 24, 2021.
^ Mohapatra, Mrutyunjay; et al., eds. (2016). WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones Annual Review 2016 (PDF) (Report). World Meteorological Organization, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. p. ix. Retrieved August 25, 2021 – via India Meteorological Department.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc ^bd ^be ^bf ^bg ^bh ^bi ^bj ^bk ^bl ^bm ^bn ^bo ^bp ^bq ^br ^bs ^bt ^bu ^bv ^bw ^bx ^by ^bz ^ca ^cb ^cc ^cd ^ce ^cf ^cg ^ch ^ci ^cj ^ck ^cl ^cm ^cn ^co ^cp ^cq ^cr ^cs ^ct ^cu ^cv ^cw ^cx ^cy ^cz ^da Report on Cyclonic Disturbances over North Indian Ocean During 2018 (PDF) (Report). New Delhi: India Meteorological Department. July 2019. Retrieved August 23, 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw "2018 North Indian Ocean Best Track Data". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Retrieved August 23, 2021.

[1] Kruk, Michael C. (September 1, 2019). "State of the Climate in 2018". North Indian Ocean Basin. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 100 (9). American Meteorological Society: S127–S128. doi:10.1175/2019BAMSStateoftheClimate.1. hdl:10669/80308.

[2] "Worldwide Tropical Cyclone Centers". National Hurricane Center. Miami, Florida. Retrieved August 24, 2021.

[3] "Activities of RSMC, New Delhi". India Meteorological Department. Retrieved August 24, 2021.

[4] Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan for the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea: 2020 (Report). Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization. 2020. p. 12. Retrieved August 24, 2021.

[5] "Products and Services Notice". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Pearl Harbor, Florida. Retrieved August 24, 2021.

[faq-6] "Frequently Asked Questions". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Pearl Harbor, Florida. Retrieved August 24, 2021.

[7] "North Indian Ocean Best Track Data". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Pearl Harbor, Florida. Retrieved August 24, 2021.

[8] Mohapatra, Mrutyunjay; et al., eds. (2016). WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones Annual Review 2016 (PDF) (Report). World Meteorological Organization, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. p. ix. Retrieved August 25, 2021 – via India Meteorological Department.

[imd-9] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc ^bd ^be ^bf ^bg ^bh ^bi ^bj ^bk ^bl ^bm ^bn ^bo ^bp ^bq ^br ^bs ^bt ^bu ^bv ^bw ^bx ^by ^bz ^ca ^cb ^cc ^cd ^ce ^cf ^cg ^ch ^ci ^cj ^ck ^cl ^cm ^cn ^co ^cp ^cq ^cr ^cs ^ct ^cu ^cv ^cw ^cx ^cy ^cz ^da Report on Cyclonic Disturbances over North Indian Ocean During 2018 (PDF) (Report). New Delhi: India Meteorological Department. July 2019. Retrieved August 23, 2021.

[jtwc-10] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw "2018 North Indian Ocean Best Track Data". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Retrieved August 23, 2021.

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