Timeline of strikes in 1985
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In 1985, a number of labour strikes, labour disputes, and other industrial actions occurred.
Background
[edit]A labour strike is a work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to work. This can include wildcat strikes, which are done without union authorisation, and slowdown strikes, where workers reduce their productivity while still carrying out minimal working duties. It is usually a response to employee grievances, such as low pay or poor working conditions. Strikes can also occur to demonstrate solidarity with workers in other workplaces or pressure governments to change policies.
Timeline
[edit] |
Continuing strikes from 1983
[edit]- Anti-Duvalier protest movement, including strikes, against the dictatorship of Jean-Claude Duvalier in Haiti.[1]
- 1983-85 Bolivian protests, including strikes, against austerity policies adopted by the government of Hernán Siles Zuazo in Bolivia.[2][3][4]
- 1983-85 Continental Airlines strikes, series of strikes by Continental Airlines workers, including a 25-month pilots' strike.[5][6]
- 1984–85 Eaton's strike
- 1984 Globe Steel strike, 4-year strike by Globe Steel Corporation steelworkers in the Philippines, the longest strike in the country's history.[7][8]
- Mudginberri dispute
- 1984–1985 United Kingdom miners' strike, year-long strike by coal miners in the United Kingdom, represented by the National Union of Mineworkers against layoffs.
- 1984–1985 Yale strike, strike by Yale University clerical workers in the United States.[9][10][11]
January
[edit]February
[edit]- 1985 Gujarat riots
- 1985 Mississippi teachers' strike, the first teachers' strike in Mississippi history.[14][15]
- 1985 Pan Am strike
- SEQEB strike of Queensland, 1985
March
[edit]- Påskestrejkerne 1985, general strikes in Denmark.[16][17]
- 1985 Sudanese Revolution[18][19]
- 1985 Writers Guild of America strike, 2-week strike by Writers Guild of America members.[20][21]
April
[edit]May
[edit]- 1985 Blyvooruitzicht strike, strike by gold miners at the Blyvooruitzicht mine in South Africa after two National Union of Mineworkers members were fired.[24]
- 1985 El Salvador social security strike, 1-month strike by social security workers in El Salvador.[25]
- 1985 New York cemeteries' strike, 7-week strike.[26][27]
- 1985 Rio Grande do Sul teachers' strike[28]
- 1985 Swedish public sector strike[29][30]
- 1985 United Airlines strike[31][32]
- 1985 Yosemite National Park strike, 10-day strike by Yosemite National Park concessions workers, the first strike in the park's history.[33]
June
[edit]- 1985 Ford Motor Argentina occupation[34]
- 1985 Jamaica general strike[35][36]
- 1985-87 Silentnight strike, 18-month strike by Silentnight workers in the United Kingdom.[37][38][39]
July
[edit]- 1985 Bath Iron Works strike[40]
- Dollar Sweets dispute
- 1985 Western Union strike, 10-day strike by Western Union workers in the United States.[41]
- 1985 Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel strike[42][43]
August
[edit]September
[edit]- 1985 strike of Ethiopian Jews in Israel, strike by Ethiopian Jews in Israel protesting against the Chief Rabbinate of Israel's policy that they had to undergo conversion to be recognised as Jews.[44][45]
- 1985 Philadelphia newspaper strike[46]
- 1985 Seattle teachers' strike[47][48]
- 1985–1987 Watsonville Cannery strike
October
[edit]November
[edit]- 1985 Adamjee Jute Mills strike, 1-week strike by Adamjee Jute Mills workers in Bangladesh.[53]
December
[edit]- 1985–1986 New Bedford fishermen's strike
- 1985 UNESCO crisis, including a strike by UNESCO workers against job losses following the withdrawal of the United States and United Kingdom from the organisation.[54][55]
References
[edit]- ^ Roseberry-Polier, Alison (24 April 2011). "Haitians overthrow regime, 1984-1986". Global Nonviolent Action Database. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
- ^ "Bolivian General Strike Ends". The New York Times. 17 April 1984. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
- ^ O'Neill, Blaine (12 October 2010). "Bolivian workers overthrow president, 1983-1985". Global Nonviolent Action Database. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
- ^ Reddebrek (18 January 2017). "1983-85: Bolivian Protests and Strikes Defeat President". LibCom. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
- ^ "Pilots strike against Continental ends". UPI. 1 November 1985. Retrieved 8 October 2024.
- ^ "Continental Pilots Refuse to Back Strike By Airline Mechanics". The Washington Post. 14 August 1983. Retrieved 8 October 2024.
- ^ Quimpo, Susan F. (22 September 2015). "IN PHOTOS: 1980s strike at Globe Steel". Rappler. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
- ^ Chan, Carolyn; Nunez, Enrique (January 1, 1987). "Picketline". Bachelor's Theses.
- ^ Remes, Jacob (9 April 2019). "Labor Organizing in Higher Ed: Lessons from the 1984-85 Yale Strike". History News Network. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
- ^ "POLICE ARREST 430 AT YALE PROTEST IN SUPPORT OF STRIKING EMPLOYEES". The New York Times. 27 October 1984. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
- ^ Ladd-Taylor, Molly (1985). "Women Workers and the Yale Strike". Feminist Studies. 11 (3): 465–490. doi:10.2307/3180113. hdl:2027/spo.0499697.0011.303. JSTOR 3180113 – via JSTOR.
- ^ "AROUND THE WORLD; Drivers and Teachers Strike in Manila". The New York Times. 1985-01-29.
- ^ "Organizers of a nationwide transport strike called off the... - UPI Archives". UPI.
- ^ "Teachers on Strike: The Final Card | Facing South". www.facingsouth.org.
- ^ "TEACHERS STRIKE IN MISSISSIPPI". The New York Times. 1985-02-26.
- ^ "Påskestrejkerne, marts-april 1985". danmarkshistorien.dk.
- ^ "AROUND THE WORLD; Danes Rally to Condemn Anti-Strike Legislation". The New York Times. 1985-04-02.
- ^ "Sudanese students, workers bring down Numeiri dictatorship, 1985 | Global Nonviolent Action Database". nvdatabase.swarthmore.edu.
- ^ "1985: Sudanese General Strike Against Dictatorship | libcom.org". libcom.org.
- ^ "SCRIPTWRITERS END 2-WEEK STRIKE". The New York Times. 1985-03-20.
- ^ Smith, Sally Bedell (1985-03-06). "SCANT INITIAL EFFECT SEEN FOR TV WRITERS' STRIKE". The New York Times.
- ^ "AROUND THE WORLD; Journalists in Italy Strike Over Wages". The New York Times. 1985-04-29.
- ^ "Italian Journalists Settle". The New York Times. 1985-05-06.
- ^ "AROUND THE WORLD; 9,000 Black Gold Miners Strike in South Africa". The New York Times. 1985-05-19.
- ^ "AROUND THE WORLD; 6,000 Salvadorans End A Monthlong Strike". The New York Times. 7 June 1985. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
- ^ "WALKOUT AT CEMETERIES ENDS". The New York Times. 1985-06-27.
- ^ Kelly, Kim (October 31, 2021). "Picket Lines in the Graveyard: A History of Cemetery Workers' Strikes • Protean Magazine". Protean Magazine.
- ^ Marques, Mauro Luiz Barbosa (May 25, 2017). "Movimentos docentes no Rio Grande do Sul: a longa greve de 1985 e as Sinetas na praça pública". Mundos do Trabalho. 8 (16): 167. doi:10.5007/1984-9222.2016v8n16p167. S2CID 186020640.
- ^ Feder, Barnaby J. (1985-05-18). "STRIKE ADDS TO SWEDISH WOES". The New York Times.
- ^ "Sweden counts loses, gains as 18-day strike ends - UPI Archives". UPI.
- ^ Leff, Gary (April 12, 2020). "The 1985 United Airlines Pilots Strike Still Brings Out Bitterness". View from the Wing.
- ^ Baker, Bob (September 5, 1985). "Bitter Residue of Strike at United : Nasty Little War of Nerves Clouds the Friendly Skies". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ Archives, L. A. Times (May 27, 1985). "Yosemite Workers End 10-Day Strike". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ "Strike Ended At Ford Plant". The New York Times. 15 July 1985. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
- ^ "JAMAICA HIT BY GENERAL STRIKE". The New York Times. 1985-06-25.
- ^ "AROUND THE WORLD; Jamaica Working Again After General Strike". The New York Times. 1985-06-28.
- ^ "What came after the longest strike in history was finally put to bed". Craven Herald. April 10, 2009.
- ^ Mustchin, Stephen (August 8, 2014). "Dismissal of strikers and industrial disputes: the 1985–1987 strike and mass sackings at Silentnight". Labor History. 55 (4): 448–464. doi:10.1080/0023656X.2014.932521 – via CrossRef.
- ^ "The Last Battle for Barnoldswick". tribunemag.co.uk.
- ^ "Tentative agreement to end 3-month-old strike - UPI Archives". UPI.
- ^ "Western Union strikers ordered back to work as negotiators agree on contract favorable to company". CS Monitor. 8 August 1985. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
- ^ "Company and union steeled for strike. Steelworkers dig in as Wheeling-Pittsburgh fights off bankruptcy". Christian Science Monitor.
- ^ Worley, Jennifer L. (March 9, 2007). ""Fighting for Our Share of the American Pie": The 1985 Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel Strike". Labor Studies Journal. 32 (1): 82–95. doi:10.1177/0160449X07299450 – via CrossRef.
- ^ "Members of Reform Movement Join Sit-down Strike of Ethiopian Jews". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 11 September 1985. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
- ^ "Ethiopian Jews in Israel Go on Strike". Los Angeles Times. 16 July 1985. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
- ^ Elliott, William R.; Rosenberg, William L. (December 9, 1987). "The 1985 Philadelphia Newspaper Strike: A Uses and Gratifications Study". Journalism Quarterly. 64 (4): 679–687. doi:10.1177/107769908706400401 – via CrossRef.
- ^ "Seattle Teachers Vote To End 25-Day Strike". The New York Times. 1985-09-29.
- ^ "In 1985, Seattle teachers went on strike for 19 days". The Seattle Times. September 10, 2015.
- ^ Risen, James (October 21, 1985). "Canadian UAW, Chrysler Agree to End Walkout". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ "The Victoria nurses' strike, 1985 | libcom.org". libcom.org.
- ^ Branch), An Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation (Victorian. "The 1986 50-day Victorian nurses and midwives strike". stories.anmfvic.asn.au.
- ^ Bessant, Judith (October 9, 1992). "'Good Women and Good Nurses' Conflicting Identities in the Victorian Nurses Strikes, 1985-86". Labour History (63): 155–173. doi:10.2307/27509144. JSTOR 27509144. S2CID 146908411.
- ^ "Bangladesh Mill Strike Ends". The New York Times. 10 November 1985. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
- ^ "UNESCO WORKERS END 4-DAY HUNGER STRIKE". The New York Times. 14 December 1985. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
- ^ Meisler, Stanley (12 December 1985). "UNESCO Staff Fears Job Cuts, Goes on Strike". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 9 October 2024.