Timeline of official adoptions of Christianity
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This is a timeline showing the dates when countries or polities made Christianity the official state religion, generally accompanying the baptism of the governing monarch.
Adoptions of Christianity to AD 1450
- c. 34 or 200 – Osroene – disputed; both dates claimed
- 179 – Silures; traditional date, now considered questionable[1]
- 301 – Christianization of Armenia
- 301 - Foundation of San Marino
- c. 313 – Caucasian Albania (Udi)[2]
- c. 319 – Christianization of Iberia (Georgia)[3][4][5]
- c. 325 – Kingdom of Aksum (Ethiopian Orthodox Church)
- 337 – Roman Empire (baptism of Constantine I)
- 361 – Rome returns to paganism under Julian the Apostate
- 364 – Rome returns to Christianity, specifically the Arian Church
- c. 364 – Vandals (Arian Church)
- 376 – Goths and Gepids (Arian Church)
- 380 – Rome goes from Arian to Catholic/Orthodox (both terms are used refer to the same Church until 1054)
- 411 – Kingdom of Burgundy (Nicene Church)
- c. 420 – Najran (Nicene Church)
- 448 – Suebi (Nicene Church)[6]
- c. 450 – Burgundy goes from Nicene to Arian[7]
- 451 – Aksum and Najran are Coptic with Chalcedonian Schism.
- 466 – Suebi go from Chalcedonian to Arian
- 473 – Ghassanids (Chalcedonian Church)
- 480 – Lazica (Chalcedonian Church)
- 496 – Franks (Chalcedonian Church)
- 506 – Iberia goes from Chalcedonian to Apostolic
- c. 510 – Ghassanids go from Chalcedonian to Coptic
- 516 – Burgundy returns from Arian to Chalcedonian[8]
- c. 543 – Makuria (Chalcedonian), Nobatia and Alodia (Coptic Church)
- c. 550 – Suebi return from Arian to Chalcedonian
- c. 558 – Christianization of Ireland (Celtic Church)
- c. 563 – Picts (Celtic Church)[9]
- c. 568 – Lombards (Arian Church)
- 569 – Garamantes (Chalcedonian Church)
- 589 – Visigoths go from Arian to Chalcedonian
- 591 – Lombards go from Arian to Chalcedonian
- c. 592 – Lakhmids (Nestorian Church)
- 601 – Kent (Chalcedonian Church)
- 604 – East Anglia and Essex (Chalcedonian)
- 607 – Iberia returns from Apostolic to Chalcedonian
- 610 – Armenia and Caucasian Albania go from Chalcedonian to Monophysite[10]
- 616 – Kent and Essex return to paganism
- c. 620 – Alemanni (Chalcedonian Church)
- 624 – Kent returns from pagan to Chalcedonian
- 627 – Lombards return from Chalcedonian to Arian
- 627 – Northumbria – (Chalcedonian Church); East Anglia returns from Chalcedonian to pagan
- 630 - East Anglia returns from pagan to Chalcedonian
- 635 – Wessex (Chalcedonian Church)
- 653 – Lombards return from Arian to Chalcedonian
- 653 – Essex returns from pagan to Chalcedonian
- 655 – Mercia (Chalcedonian Church)
- 675 – Sussex (Chalcedonian Church)
- 692 – Ireland goes from Celtic to Chalcedonian
- 696 – Bavaria (Chalcedonian)
- c. 700 – Circassia (most of the country would remain pagan)
- 710 – Picts go from Celtic to Chalcedonian
- c. 710 – Makuria goes from Chalcedonian to Coptic
- 724 – Thuringia
- 734 – Frisians
- 785 – Saxons
- c. 805 Duchy of Lower Pannonia[11]
- 840s – Navarre[12]: 146
- 863 – Moravia
- 864 – Christianization of Bulgaria
- c. 869 – Christianization of the Serbs
- 879 – Duchy of Croatia[13]
- 884 – Bohemia
- 911 – Normans
- 960 – Denmark
- 966 – Christianization of Poland
- c. 989 – Christianization of Kievan Rus'
- 995 – Norway
- 999 – Faroe Islands
- c. 1000 Christianization of Hungary with the first real Christian king(Roman Catholic became official but Orthodox(Eastern) existed as well since 973 onwards even after 1054).
- c. 1000 – Christianisation of Iceland
- 1007 – Kerait Khanate – Nestorian Church[14]
- c. 1008 – Sweden
- 1054 – Byzantine Empire, Kingdom of Georgia, Bulgaria, Serbs, and Rus' are Orthodox Catholics with East-West Schism while Western Europe becomes Roman Catholic
- 1124 – Conversion of Pomerania
- 1160s – Obotrites
- c. 1200 – (Southwestern) Finland
- 1227 – Livonia (including mainland Estonia and northern Latvia), Cumania (Transylvania)
- 1241 – Saaremaa
- 1260 – Curonians
- 1290 – Semigallians
- 1387 – Christianization of Lithuania[15]
- 1413 – Samogitia[16]
Adoptions after 1450
- 1491 – Kingdom of Kongo (Roman Catholic Church)
- 1519 – Tlaxcala (Roman Catholic Church)
- 1521 – Rajahnate of Cebu (Roman Catholic Church)
- 1523 – Sweden goes from Catholic to Lutheran
- 1528 – Schleswig-Holstein goes from Catholic to Lutheran
- 1534 – England goes from Catholic to Anglican
- 1536 – Denmark-Norway and Iceland go from Catholic to Lutheran
- 1553 – England returns from Anglican to Catholic
- 1558 – Kabardia (E. Orthodox Church)[a]
- 1558 – England returns from Catholic to Anglican
- 1560 – Scotland goes from Catholic to Presbyterian
- 1610 – Mi'kmaq (Roman Catholic Church)
- 1624 – Kingdom of Ndongo (Roman Catholic Church)
- 1624 – Ethiopia goes from Coptic to Catholic
- 1631 – Kingdom of Matamba (Roman Catholic Church)
- 1633 – Ethiopia returns from Catholic to Coptic
- 1640 – Piscataway (Roman Catholic Church)
- 1642 – Huron-Wendat Nation (Roman Catholic Church)
- 1650 – Kingdom of Larantuka (Roman Catholic Church)
- 1654 – Onondaga (Roman Catholic Church)
- 1663–1665 – Kingdom of Loango (briefly Roman Catholic)
- 1675 – Illinois Confederation (Roman Catholic Church)
- 1700s – Kingdom of Bolaang Mongondow (Reformed Church)
- 1819 – Kingdom of Tahiti, Kingdom of Hawaii (Congregational Church)
- 1829 – Spokane, Kutenai (Anglican Church)
- 1830 – Samoa (Congregational Church)
- 1838 – Nez Perce (Presbyterian Church)
- 1869 – Merina Kingdom (Reformed Church)
- 1882 – Blackfoot Confederacy (Roman Catholic Church)
- 1880 – Shoshone (LDS Church)
- 1884 – Lakota (Roman Catholic Church)
- 1884 – Catawba (LDS Church)
- 1897 – Shoshone go from LDS to Anglican
- 1907 – Arapaho (Baptist Church)
See also
Annotations
- ^ Circassian paganism remained the religion of the majority of the population until the 17th century.
References
- ^ Silures at HistoryFiles
- ^ The Caucasus & Globalization, Vol 2, 2008, p. 101
- ^ Toumanoff, Cyril, "Iberia between Chosroid and Bagratid Rule", in Studies in Christian Caucasian History, Georgetown, 1963, pp. 374-377. Accessible online at "Iberia between Chosroid and Bagratid Rule by Cyril Toumanoff. Eastern Asia Minor, Georgia, Georgian History, Armenia, Armenian History". Archived from the original on 2012-02-08. Retrieved 2012-06-04.
- ^ Rapp, Stephen H., Jr (2007). "7 - Georgian Christianity". The Blackwell Companion to Eastern Christianity. John Wiley & Sons. p. 138. ISBN 978-1-4443-3361-9. Retrieved 11 May 2012.
- ^ "The Development of Christianity in Georgia". www.atour.com. Retrieved 2018-03-26.
- ^ Hubert Jedin, 1980, The Imperial Church from Constantine to the Early Middle Ages p. 226.
- ^ Jodocus Birkhaeuser, 1898, History of the Church, from Its First Establishment p. 148.
- ^ Jodocus Birkhaeuser, 1898, History of the Church, from Its First Establishment p. 148.
- ^ "The Celtic Church in Scotland", The Celtic Magazine Vol 11, 1886 p. 102.
- ^ "Armenian Apostolic Church". Encyclopedia of Christianity Online. doi:10.1163/2211-2685_eco_a599. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
- ^ Alexandru Magdearu, The Wars of the Balkan Peninsula: Their Medieval Origins, p. 117.
- ^ Collins, Roger (1990). The Basques (2nd ed.). Oxford, UK: Basil Blackwell. ISBN 0631175652.
- ^ Alexandru Magdearu, The Wars of the Balkan Peninsula: Their Medieval Origins, p. 117.
- ^ İsenbike Togan , 1999, Flexibility and Limitation in Steppe Formations: The Kerait Khanate p. 60.
- ^ Bojtár, Endre (1999). Foreword to the Past: A Cultural History of the Baltic People. CEU Press. p. 140. ISBN 963-9116-42-4.
- ^ Bojtár, Endre (1999). Foreword to the Past: A Cultural History of the Baltic People. CEU Press. p. 140. ISBN 963-9116-42-4.