Timeline of Athens

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Athens, Greece.

Prior to 15th century

630 BCE – Temple of Athena Polias built (approximate date).^[1]
594 BCE – Solonian law established.^[2]
575 BCE – Coins in use (approximate date).^[3]
566 BCE – Panathenaic festival begins.^[1]
560 BCE – Peisistratos in power.^[2]
546 BCE – Athenian tetradrachm (coin) in use.^[3]
480 and 479 BCE - Athens is burnt, then destroyed by the Persians
447 BCE – Parthenon construction begins.^[4]
431 BCE – Peloponnesian War begins with Sparta.^[5]
430 BCE – Plague.^[6]
424 BCE – Temple of Athena Nike built.^[7]
409 BCE – Erechtheion built (approximate date).^[7]
404 BCE – Athens defeated in the Peloponnesian War
385 BCE – Academy founded (approximate date).^[6]
335 BCE – Lyceum founded (approximate date).^[6]
229 BCE – Athens liberated from Macedonian supremacy, but refuses to join Achaean League.^[8]
88 BCE – City sacked by Roman forces.^[4]
267 CE – Agora sacked by Germanic Heruli forces.^[6]
396 CE – City taken by forces of Visigoth Alaric.^[6]
582 – City sacked by Slavic forces.^[6]
1146 – City "plundered by Roger, King of Sicily."^[8]
1204 – Othon de la Roche of Burgundy becomes Duke of Athens.^[6]
1311 – City under Aragonese rule.^[8]

15th–19th centuries

1456 – Conquest by the Ottoman Empire.^[4]
1687 – City besieged by Venetian forces under Francesco Morosini during the Morean War.^[6]
1801 – Elgin Marbles taken to Britain.^[6]
1821 – April: Siege of the Acropolis (1821–22) begins.
1826 – August: Siege of the Acropolis (1826–27) begins.
1829 – National Archaeological Museum established.
1833 – City becomes part of the Attica and Boeotia Prefecture administrative division.^{[citation needed]}
1834
- City becomes capital of Kingdom of Greece.^[6]
- National Library of Greece headquartered in city.
1837 – National and Kapodistrian University of Athens ("Othonian University")^[9] and National Technical University of Athens ("Royal School of Arts") established.
1840 – Royal Garden now National Garden planted.
1842 – Observatory built.^[10]
1843
- 3 November: Third of September National Assembly of the Greeks at Athens [el] begins.
- Royal Palace built.
1846 – Omonoia Square ("Palace Square") laid out.^{[citation needed]}
1854 – Occupation of city by British and French forces during the Crimean War begins.^[8]
1856 – Occupation of city by British and French forces ends.^[8]
1860s – Anafiotika neighborhood settled.^[11]
1862 – 10 December: Second National Assembly of the Greeks at Athens [el] begins.
1869 – Athens and Piraeus Railway in operation.^{[citation needed]}
1871 – Athens Conservatoire founded.
1874 – German Archaeological Institute at Athens established.^[6]
1876 – Athens Stock Exchange established.
1878 – Hotel Grande Bretagne in business.
1881 – American School of Classical Studies at Athens established.^[6]
1886 – British School at Athens established.^[6]
1896 – 1896 Summer Olympics held.
1899
- City becomes part of the Attica Prefecture administrative division.^{[citation needed]}
- Spyridon Merkouris becomes mayor.

20th century

1904
- Athens Metro in operation.^{[citation needed]}
- Athens Railway Station opens.
1905 – Athens News Agency established.
1907 – Population: 167,479.^[12]
1908 – Panathinaikos A.O. football club formed.
1909 – Goudi coup.^[5]
1916 – 1 December: "Allied and Greek forces clash."^[13]
1919 – Athens Chamber of Commerce and Industry founded.^[14]
1920
- * Third National Assembly of the Greeks at Athens [el] begins.
- Population: 453,042 metro.^[11]
1922

- After the Asia Minor Catastrophe in 1922 and the Population exchange between Greece and Turkey, Athens experienced its second period of explosive growth. More than a million Greek refugees from Asia Minor settled in Athens. Suburbs such as Nea Ionia and Nea Smyrni began as shantytowns refugee settlements on the Athens outskirts and the population of the city doubled.^[11]
- To Vima newspaper begins publication.^[15]
- Leoforos Alexandras Stadium opens in Ampelokipoi.
1923
- Vradyni newspaper begins publication.^[14]
- Fourth National Assembly of the Greeks at Athens [el], convenes.
1924 - A.E.K. (sports club) formed near Omonoia Square.
1926 – Academy of Athens founded.
1928 – Population: 802,000 metro.^[11]
1929 – Residential Psychiko suburb developed.^[11]
1930 – National Theatre of Greece and Benaki Museum established.
1932 – Residential Filothei suburb developed.^[11]
1935
- October: Fifth National Assembly of the Greeks at Athens held.
- Alexandras Prosfygika housing complex built on Alexandras Avenue.^[16]
1938 – Airport built.^[17]
1939 – Greek National Opera established.
1940 – Population: 481,225 city; 1,124,109 metro.^[10]
1941 – 27 April: City occupation by German forces begins.^[2]
1944
- 14 October: City occupation by German forces ends.^[2]
- December: Dekemvriana clashes begin.^[9]
- Ta Nea newspaper begins publication.^[14]
1947 – Star-Cinema opens.^[18]
1951 – Population: 559,250 city; 1,368,142 metro.^[10]
1955 – Athens Festival of arts begins.
1957
- Astron Cinema opens.^[18]
- Hellenic American Union founded.^[19]
1971 – Population: 867,023 city; 2,101,103 urban agglomeration.^[20]
1972 – City becomes part of the Athens Prefecture administrative division.
1973
- Athens City Museum established.
- Athens Polytechnic uprising.^[5]
1974 – Eleftherotypia newspaper begins publication.^[14]
1980 – 31 July: 1980 Turkish embassy attack in Athens.
1981 – Ethnos newspaper begins publication.^[14]
1983 – Eleftheros Typos newspaper begins publication.^[14]
1984 – Sister city relationship established with Los Angeles, USA.^[21]
1987 – Miltiadis Evert becomes mayor.
1991 – Athens Concert Hall opens.
1994 – City becomes part of the Athens-Piraeus super-prefecture administrative division.^{[citation needed]}
1995 – Dimitris Avramopoulos becomes mayor.
1998 – Kokkalis Foundation headquartered in city.^[22]
1999 – The 6.0 M_w  Athens earthquake affected the area with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent), killing 143, injuring 800–1,600, and leaving 50,000 homeless in the region.
2000 – Ambelokipi metro station, Megaro Moussikis metro station, and Panormou metro station open.

21st century

2001 – New Athens International Airport opens.^[6]
2003 – Dora Bakoyannis becomes mayor.^[23]
2004
- Athens Tram begins operating.
- 2004 Summer Olympics and Paralympics held.^[4]
2007 – Nikitas Kaklamanis becomes mayor.
2008 – December: 2008 Greek riots.^[4]^[24]
2009 – Acropolis Museum^[25] and Art Foundation^[19] open.
2010
- July: Journalist Giolias killed.
- November: Muslim demonstration.^[26]
- Giorgos Kaminis elected mayor.
2011
- OASA takes over metro and tram services from Attiko Metro.
- Population: 664,046 city; 3,737,550 metro.^[27]
2012
- 13 February: Protest.^[28]
- Stavros Niarchos Foundation Cultural Center construction begins.
2013 – Flooding.^[29]

References

^ ^a ^b "Chronological Table". Athens: National Archaeological Museum. Archived from the original on 20 November 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Webster's Geographical Dictionary, USA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, p. 78, OL 5812502M
^ ^a ^b Glyn Davies; Roy Davies (2002). "Comparative Chronology of Money". Archived from the original on 25 December 2015. Retrieved 24 December 2015 – via University of Exeter.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Greece Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Archived from the original on 10 December 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c Dimitris Keridis (2009). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Modern Greece. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6312-5.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Llewellyn-Smith 2004.
^ ^a ^b Trudy Ring, ed. (1996). "Athens". Southern Europe. International Dictionary of Historic Places. Vol. 3. Fitzroy Dearborn. p. 62+. ISBN 9781134259656. OCLC 31045650.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e George Henry Townsend (1867), "Athens", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
^ ^a ^b Dimitris Keridis (2009). "Athens". Historical Dictionary of Modern Greece. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6312-5.
^ ^a ^b ^c Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 116, OL 6112221M
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Lila Leontidou (1990). The Mediterranean City in Transition: Social Change and Urban Development. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-34467-8.
^ "Greece". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
^ Stephen Pope; Elizabeth-Anne Wheal (1995). "Select Chronology". Dictionary of the First World War. Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-85052-979-1.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Greece: Directory". Europa World Year Book 2003. Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 978-1-85743-227-5.
^ "Athens (Greece) – Newspapers". Global Resources Network. Chicago, USA: Center for Research Libraries. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
^ Stavros Stavrides (2010). "Redefining the right to the city: representations of public space as part of the urban struggles". In Giovanna Sonda; et al. (eds.). Urban Plots, Organizing Cities. Ashgate. ISBN 978-1-4094-0927-4.
^ Big dreams and angry protests swirl at abandoned Athens airport, Reuters, 26 June 2014, archived from the original on 19 October 2014, retrieved 21 November 2014
^ ^a ^b "Movie Theaters in Athens". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Archived from the original on 21 December 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
^ ^a ^b "Greece". Art Spaces Directory. New York: New Museum. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279. Archived from the original on 28 July 2017. Retrieved 27 June 2017. Athinai{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ "Sister Cities of Los Angeles". USA: City of Los Angeles. Archived from the original on 4 November 2015. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
^ "Organizations". International Relations and Security Network. Switzerland: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich. Archived from the original on 11 November 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
^ "New Athens Mayor Embodies a New Greece", New York Times, 3 December 2002, archived from the original on 5 September 2017, retrieved 20 February 2017
^ Stavros Stavrides (2010). "December 2008 Youth Uprising in Athens" (PDF). Justice Spatiale/Spatial Justice. ISSN 2105-0392. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
^ "36 Hours in Athens". New York Times. 19 October 2014. Archived from the original on 27 October 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
^ "Athens mosque plan faces new hurdles", The Guardian, 28 November 2010, archived from the original on 4 March 2016, retrieved 17 December 2016
^ "Population of Capital Cities and Cities of 100,000 or More Inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2013. United Nations Statistics Division. Archived from the original on 27 December 2016. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
^ Encyclopædia Britannica Book of the Year. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2013. ISBN 978-1-62513-103-4.
^ "Flooding in Athens – in pictures", The Guardian, 22 February 2013, archived from the original on 5 September 2017, retrieved 17 December 2016

This article incorporates information from the Russian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

J. Willoughby Rosse (1858). "Athens". Index of Dates ... Facts in the Chronology and History of the World. London: H.G. Bohn. hdl:2027/uva.x030807786 – via Hathi Trust.
George Henry Townsend (1867), "Athens", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Athens", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
Frank J. Costa; et al. (1991). "Evolving Planning Systems in Madrid, Rome, and Athens". GeoJournal. 24 (3): 293–303. JSTOR 41145202.
Kathryn A. Kozaitis (1997). "'Foreigners Among Foreigners': Social Organization Among The Roma Of Athens, Greece". Urban Anthropology and Studies of Cultural Systems and World Economic Development. 26 (2): 165–199. JSTOR 40553322.
Michael Llewellyn-Smith (2004). "Chronology". Athens: A Cultural and Literary History. USA: Interlink Books. ISBN 978-1-56656-540-0.
Konstantinos Serraos; et al. (2009). "Planning culture and the interference of major events: the recent experience of Athens". In Jörg Knieling and Frank Othengrafen (ed.). Planning Cultures in Europe: Decoding Cultural Phenomena in Urban and Regional Planning. Ashgate. ISBN 978-0-7546-7565-5.
Denis Roubien (2016). "Planning the Public Functions of Nineteenth-Century Athens: Setting the Priorities between Idealism and Practical Needs". Journal of Urban History. 42.

External links

Museum of the City of Athens. "Timeline: history of Athens from 1821–1941". Eutaxias Foundation.
Europeana. Items related to Athens, various dates.
Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Athens, various dates

[namuseum-1] "Chronological Table". Athens: National Archaeological Museum. Archived from the original on 20 November 2014.

[webster1960-2] Webster's Geographical Dictionary, USA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, p. 78, OL 5812502M

[davies2002-3] Glyn Davies; Roy Davies (2002). "Comparative Chronology of Money". Archived from the original on 25 December 2015. Retrieved 24 December 2015 – via University of Exeter.

[bbc-timeline-4] "Greece Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Archived from the original on 10 December 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2014.

[Keridis2009-chronology-5] Dimitris Keridis (2009). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Modern Greece. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6312-5.

[FOOTNOTELlewellyn-Smith2004-6] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Llewellyn-Smith 2004.

[ring1996-7] Trudy Ring, ed. (1996). "Athens". Southern Europe. International Dictionary of Historic Places. Vol. 3. Fitzroy Dearborn. p. 62+. ISBN 9781134259656. OCLC 31045650.

[townsend1867-8] George Henry Townsend (1867), "Athens", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.

[Keridis2009-athens-9] Dimitris Keridis (2009). "Athens". Historical Dictionary of Modern Greece. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6312-5.

[lippincott1952-10] Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 116, OL 6112221M

[Leontidou1990-11] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Lila Leontidou (1990). The Mediterranean City in Transition: Social Change and Urban Development. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-34467-8.

[12] "Greece". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.

[13] Stephen Pope; Elizabeth-Anne Wheal (1995). "Select Chronology". Dictionary of the First World War. Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-85052-979-1.

[europa2003-14] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Greece: Directory". Europa World Year Book 2003. Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 978-1-85743-227-5.

[CRLnewspapers-15] "Athens (Greece) – Newspapers". Global Resources Network. Chicago, USA: Center for Research Libraries. Retrieved 30 November 2014.

[16] Stavros Stavrides (2010). "Redefining the right to the city: representations of public space as part of the urban struggles". In Giovanna Sonda; et al. (eds.). Urban Plots, Organizing Cities. Ashgate. ISBN 978-1-4094-0927-4.

[17] Big dreams and angry protests swirl at abandoned Athens airport, Reuters, 26 June 2014, archived from the original on 19 October 2014, retrieved 21 November 2014

[cinema-18] "Movie Theaters in Athens". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Archived from the original on 21 December 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2014.

[NewMuseum-19] "Greece". Art Spaces Directory. New York: New Museum. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2014.

[20] United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279. Archived from the original on 28 July 2017. Retrieved 27 June 2017. Athinai{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[21] "Sister Cities of Los Angeles". USA: City of Los Angeles. Archived from the original on 4 November 2015. Retrieved 30 December 2015.

[ISN-22] "Organizations". International Relations and Security Network. Switzerland: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich. Archived from the original on 11 November 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2014.

[23] "New Athens Mayor Embodies a New Greece", New York Times, 3 December 2002, archived from the original on 5 September 2017, retrieved 20 February 2017

[24] Stavros Stavrides (2010). "December 2008 Youth Uprising in Athens" (PDF). Justice Spatiale/Spatial Justice. ISSN 2105-0392. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 21 November 2014.

[25] "36 Hours in Athens". New York Times. 19 October 2014. Archived from the original on 27 October 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2014.

[26] "Athens mosque plan faces new hurdles", The Guardian, 28 November 2010, archived from the original on 4 March 2016, retrieved 17 December 2016

[27] "Population of Capital Cities and Cities of 100,000 or More Inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2013. United Nations Statistics Division. Archived from the original on 27 December 2016. Retrieved 24 December 2015.

[britannica2013-28] Encyclopædia Britannica Book of the Year. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2013. ISBN 978-1-62513-103-4.

[29] "Flooding in Athens – in pictures", The Guardian, 22 February 2013, archived from the original on 5 September 2017, retrieved 17 December 2016

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v t e Streets in Athens
Major streets	3 Septemvriou Street Agiou Konstantinou Street Aiolou Street Akadimias Street Alexandras Avenue Amalias Avenue Andrea Syngrou Avenue Athanasiou Diakou Street Athinas Street Athinon Avenue Acharnon Street Benaki Street Ermou Street Ioanninon Avenue Iera Odos Kallirois Avenue Katechaki Avenue Kifisias Avenue Kifissou Avenue Konstantinoupoleos Avenue Lenormant Street Makri Street Mavromichali Street Mesogeion Avenue Michalopoulou Street Mitropoleos Street Pangratiou Street Panepistimiou Street Patission Street Patsi Street Peiraios Street Petrou Ralli Avenue Rizari Street Sofokleous Street Stadiou Street Vasileos Konstantinou Avenue Vasilissis Sofias Avenue Vouliagmenis Avenue
Secondary and local streets	Antigonis Street Dionysiou Areopagitou Street Eynardou Street Fokionos Negri Street Herodou Attikou Street Kallirois Street Lykourgou Street Pandrossou Street Petmeza Street Santarosa Street Veikou Street Voukourestiou Street
Main squares	Kolonaki Square Kotzia Square Monastiraki Square Omonoia Square Syntagma Square
Suburban roads	Alimou Street Athinas Avenue Ulof Palme Street Doukissis Plakentias Avenue Poseidonos Avenue Thiseos Street
Highways	Attiki Odos Aigaleo Ring Road Hymettus Ring Road
List of streets in Athens List of streets in Attica List of streets in Greece

v t e Administrative divisions of the Attica Region
Area 3,808 km² (1,470 sq mi) Population 3,827,624 (as of 2011) Municipalities 66 (since 2011) Capital Athens
Regional unit of Central Athens	Athens Dafni-Ymittos Nea Filadelfeia-Nea Chalkidona Galatsi Ilioupoli Kaisariani Vyronas Zografou
Regional unit of North Athens	Agia Paraskevi Chalandri Filothei-Psychiko Irakleio Kifissia Lykovrysi-Pefki Marousi Metamorfosi Nea Ionia Papagou-Cholargos Penteli Vrilissia
Regional unit of West Athens	Agia Varvara Agioi Anargyroi-Kamatero Aigaleo Haidari Ilion Peristeri Petroupoli
Regional unit of South Athens	Agios Dimitrios Alimos Elliniko-Argyroupoli Glyfada Kallithea Moschato-Tavros Nea Smyrni Palaio Faliro
Regional unit of Piraeus	Keratsini-Drapetsona Korydallos Nikaia-Agios Ioannis Renti Perama Piraeus
Regional unit of East Attica	Acharnes Dionysos Kropia Lavreotiki Marathon Markopoulo Oropos Paiania Pallini Rafina-Pikermi Saronikos Spata-Artemida Vari-Voula-Vouliagmeni
Regional unit of West Attica	Aspropyrgos Elefsina Fyli Mandra-Eidyllia Megara
Regional unit of Islands	Aegina Agistri Hydra Kythira Poros Salamis Spetses Troizinia-Methana
Regional governor Giorgios Patoulis Decentralized Administration Attica

v t e Years in Greece (1821–present)
19th century	1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900
20th century	1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
21st century	2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

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v t e

Prior to 15th century

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See also

References

Bibliography

External links