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Thunder Basin National Grassland

Coordinates: 43°41′N 105°01′W / 43.68°N 105.02°W / 43.68; -105.02[1]
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Thunder Basin National Grassland
Thunder Basin National Grassland
Map showing the location of Thunder Basin National Grassland
Map showing the location of Thunder Basin National Grassland
LocationWyoming, United States
Nearest cityGillette, WY
Coordinates43°41′N 105°01′W / 43.68°N 105.02°W / 43.68; -105.02[1]
Area547,499 acres (2,215.65 km2)[2]
EstablishedJune 23, 1960
Governing bodyU.S. Forest Service
WebsiteMedicine Bow-Routt National Forests & Thunder Basin National Grassland

The Thunder Basin National Grassland is located in northeastern Wyoming in the Powder River Basin between the Big Horn Mountains and the Black Hills. The Grassland ranges in elevation from 3,600 to 5,200 feet (1,100 to 1,600 m), and the climate is semi-arid. The Grassland provides opportunities for recreation, including hiking, sightseeing, hunting, and fishing. There are no developed campgrounds; however, camping is allowed. Land patterns are very complex because of the intermingled federal, state, and private lands.[3]

In descending order of land area, it is located in parts of Weston, Converse, Campbell, Niobrara, and Crook counties. It is managed together with Medicine Bow - Routt National Forest from Forest Service offices in Laramie, Wyoming; its local ranger district office is in Douglas.[3]

Ecology

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Thunder Basin National Grassland is found along the ecotone, or transition zone, between the Great Plains to the east and the sagebrush steppe to the west, and occurs across a gradient of temperature, precipitation, and elevation.[4][5] As with grasslands in the Great Plains, the Thunder Basin evolved with disturbance from drought, grazing, fire and burrowing mammals.[6] Burrowing mammals play a functional role in the grasslands.[7] Prairie dogs increase habitat heterogeneity and biodiversity at multiple scales across the landscape by creating burrows and areas of open grassland habitat that differ from the surrounding areas and serve as habitat for other species.[7]

Thunder Basin grassland is home to over 100 species of birds; large herbivores such as pronghorn and mule deer; small mammals like black-tailed prairie dogs, white-tailed jackrabbits, cotton tails, kangaroo rats, thirteen lined-ground squirrels, and bats; and predators such as swift fox, badgers, coyote and red fox.[4] Domestic livestock grazing (sheep and cattle) is practiced by ranching families throughout the grassland.

The area includes both sagebrush and grassland plant communities,[8] which interact with a range of ecological disturbances to support diverse wildlife species. Management for biodiversity in this complex ecosystem depends on managing for a shifting mosaic of different disturbances to meet the needs of multiple species. Researchers surveyed birds on active black-tailed prairie dog colonies and previously burned areas, as well as on paired undisturbed sites, and found that only prairie dog colonies supported breeding habitat for the imperiled mountain plover (Charadrius montanus). Large, contiguous areas of sagebrush cover are required to support sage-grouse conservation.[9]

An area with prairie dog colonies of nearly 25,000 acres (10,000 ha) was reduced to about 125 acres (51 ha) after an outbreak of sylvatic plague in 2017.[10] A 2002 grassland plan proposed providing 50,000 acres (20,000 ha) of prairie dog habitat.[11]

In Thunder Basin, historical wildfires do not promote the invasion of cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum)[5] as they do in the Great Basin, where a fire-invasion feedback loop leads to plant community conversion in sagebrush ecosystems.

References

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  1. ^ "Thunder Basin National Grassland". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved December 9, 2012.
  2. ^ "Land Areas of the National Forest System". U.S. Forest Service. January 2013. Retrieved December 9, 2012.
  3. ^ a b "Medicine Bow-Routt National Forest & Thunder Basin National Grassland". U.S. Forest Service. Retrieved December 9, 2012.
  4. ^ a b Duchardt, Courtney; Scasta, John Derek (January 2017). "Welcome to Thunder Basin: University of Wyoming Thunder Basin Fact Sheet #1". Retrieved January 7, 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ a b Porensky, Lauren M.; Blumenthal, Dana M. (July 15, 2016). "Historical wildfires do not promote cheatgrass invasion in a western Great Plains steppe". Biological Invasions. 18 (11): 3333–3349. doi:10.1007/s10530-016-1225-z. ISSN 1387-3547. S2CID 254290407.
  6. ^ Samson, Fred; Knopf, Fritz (1994). "Prairie Conservation in North America". BioScience. 44 (6): 418–421. doi:10.2307/1312365. ISSN 0006-3568. JSTOR 1312365. S2CID 15920033.
  7. ^ a b Davidson, Ana D; Detling, James K; Brown, James H (2012). "Ecological roles and conservation challenges of social, burrowing, herbivorous mammals in the world's grasslands". Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 10 (9): 477–486. doi:10.1890/110054. ISSN 1540-9295.
  8. ^ L. Connell L. Porensky S. Greenler S. Newton, D. Pellatz, K. Estep, and J.D. Scasta (March 22, 2018). "Common Herbaceous Plants of the Thunder Basin Grasslands - Thunder Basin Ecology Factsheet #3" (PDF). Retrieved January 7, 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ Holloran, Matthew J.; Anderson, Stanley H. (2005). "SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF GREATER SAGE-GROUSE NESTS IN RELATIVELY CONTIGUOUS SAGEBRUSH HABITATS". The Condor. 107 (4): 742. doi:10.1650/7749.1. ISSN 0010-5422. S2CID 86061069.
  10. ^ University of Wyoming (January 6, 2023). "Study details impact of prairie dog plague die-off on other species". phys.org. Retrieved January 7, 2023.
  11. ^ Thuermer Jr, Angus M. (October 30, 2024). "Conservationists win black-footed ferret plan appeal for Thunder Basin National Grassland". WyoFile. Retrieved October 31, 2024.
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