ThroLy score
The Thrombosis Lymphoma (ThroLy) predictive score is a multivariable model for assessing the probability of thromboembolic events in patients with lymphoma. (Multivariable models are those that incorporate multiple independent variables.)
Characteristics
[edit]The ThroLy score was developed and published in 2016 by a group of physicians from Serbia and the United States.[1] As a simple model, it was initially internally validated based on individual clinical and laboratory patient characteristics that identify lymphoma patients at risk for a thromboembolic event. Based on an investigation that was conducted on derivation and validation cohorts, it was determined that the variables independently associated with a risk of thromboembolism in lymphoma patients are: previous venous and/or arterial events; mediastinal involvement; a BMI greater than 30 kg/m2; reduced mobility; extra-nodal localization; neutropenia; and a hemoglobin level less than 100g/L.[1] [2]
| Patient characteristics | Assigned score |
|---|---|
| Previous venous thromboembolic event | 2 |
| Reduced mobility | 1 |
| Previous acute myocardial infarction or stroke | 2 |
| Obesity (BMI ≥ 30) | 2 |
| Extranodal localization | 1 |
| Mediastinal involvement | 2 |
| Neutropenia | 1 |
| Hemoglobin˂100g/L | 1 |
Risk classification
[edit]Based on the risk score, patients with lymphoma can be classified into three different risk groups. [2]
| Risk group | ThroLy score |
|---|---|
| Low risk | 0-1 |
| Intermediate risk | 2-3 |
| High risk | ≥4 |
Further validations
[edit]The ThroLy score considers some particular characteristics of lymphoma patients, such as extranodal localization and mediastinal involvement. In addition to having a strong positive predictive value, the score is not limited to either hospitalized or outpatient settings, and does not require non-routine laboratory analyses. ThroLy score has been validated by multiple studies and entered clinical practice in several medical centers.[3][4][5] However, multiple validation studies are ongoing and the results of additional studies may be needed before it can be fully applicable in clinical practice worldwide; several validation studies have been performed, and several more are ongoing.[6][7][8]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Antic, Darko; Milic, Natasa; Nikolovski, Srdjan; Todorovic, Milena; Bila, Jelena; Djurdjevic, Predrag; Andjelic, Bosko; Djurasinovic, Vladislava; Sretenovic, Aleksandra; Vukovic, Vojin; Jelicic, Jelena (October 2016). "Development and validation of multivariable predictive model for thromboembolic events in lymphoma patients: Multivariable Predictive Model". American Journal of Hematology. 91 (10): 1014–1019. doi:10.1002/ajh.24466. PMID 27380861. S2CID 1724916.
- ^ a b Abdel-Razeq, Hikmat; Ma’koseh, Mohammad; Mansour, Asem; Bater, Rayan; Amarin, Rula; Abufara, Alaa; Halahleh, Khalid; Manassra, Mohammad; Alrwashdeh, Mohammad; Almomani, Mohammad; Zmaily, Mais (January 2021). "The Application of the ThroLy Risk Assessment Model to Predict Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma". Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis. 27: 107602962110459. doi:10.1177/10760296211045908. ISSN 1076-0296. PMC 8642105. PMID 34590497.
- ^ Ma’koseh, Mohammad; Abufara, Alaa; Albaghdadi, Dana; Ghalayni, Ruba; Abdel-Razeq, Sarah; Alzughali, Eman; Abdel Rahman, Fadwa; Alhalaseh, Yazan; Halahleh, Khalid; Abdel-Razeq, Hikmat (2024-01-12). "The Application of Existing Risk Assessment Models (RAMS) to Predict the Occurrence of Venous Thromboembolic Events among Patients with Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma". Journal of Clinical Medicine. 13 (2): 436. doi:10.3390/jcm13020436. ISSN 2077-0383. PMC 10816014. PMID 38256570.
- ^ Sánchez Prieto, Irene; Gutiérrez Jomarrón, Isabel; Martínez Vázquez, Celia; Rodríguez Barquero, Pedro; Gili Herreros, Paula; García-Suárez, Julio (2024-04-27). "Comprehensive evaluation of genetic and acquired thrombophilia markers for an individualized prediction of clinical thrombosis in patients with lymphoma and multiple myeloma". Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis. doi:10.1007/s11239-024-02977-0. ISSN 1573-742X. PMC 11315779.
- ^ Leviatan, Ilona; Ellis, Martin H. (December 2023). "Use of direct oral anticoagulants in hematologic malignancies". Thrombosis Update. 13: 100152. doi:10.1016/j.tru.2023.100152.
- ^ Rupa-Matysek, Joanna; Brzeźniakiewicz-Janus, Katarzyna; Gil, Lidia; Krasiński, Zbigniew; Komarnicki, Mieczysław (July 2018). "Evaluation of the ThroLy score for the prediction of venous thromboembolism in newly diagnosed patients treated for lymphoid malignancies in clinical practice". Cancer Medicine. 7 (7): 2868–2875. doi:10.1002/cam4.1540. PMC 6051175. PMID 29761831.
- ^ Antic, Darko; Milic, Natasa; Mihaljevic, Biljana; Cheson, Bruce; Narkhede, Mayur; Abdel-Razeq, Hikmat; Panovska, Irina; Trajkova, Sanja; Popova, Marija; Aurer, Igor; Boban, Ana (November 29, 2018). "External Validation and Revision of Thrombosis Lymphoma /Throly/ Score". Blood. 132 (Supplement 1): 140. doi:10.1182/blood-2018-99-115568. ISSN 0006-4971.
- ^ Assanto, Giovanni Manfredi; Salvatori, Martina; Pontecorvo, Sara; Maiorana, Gianluca; Cenfra, Natalia; D’elia, Gianna Maria; Bianchi, Maria Paola; Annechini, Giorgia; Santoro, Cristina Santoro; Martelli, Maurizio; Tafuri, Agostino; Pulsoni, Alessandro; Del Giudice, Ilaria; Chistolini, Antonio (August 2023). "S219: Predicting Thrombotic Risk in Patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Multicentric Study of Throly and Khorana Risk Scores". HemaSphere. 7 (S3): e700140a. doi:10.1097/01.HS9.0000967788.70014.0a. ISSN 2572-9241. PMC 10428474.