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Template:R to diacritic/Explanation

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This template page is used on category pages to explain diacritics and ASCII categorizations.

Explanation

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Look up ASCII in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Look up diacritic, diacritical, or diacritical mark in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
ASCII chart from MIL-STD-188-100 (1972); b1 is the least significant bit.

A basic ASCII character is any one of the 128 alphanumeric and other characters that are standard keyboard symbols (see article for more information).

A diacritical mark is a symbol added to a letter that functions to change its pronunciation, meaning, or other characteristic. Accents and umlauts are examples of diacritical marks. Conversely, ligatures and standard Greek letters are not diacritical.

Since names using such characters may not be searchable to some Wikipedia users (i.e., they cannot be typed in the search bar without using the copy-paste function, advanced technical knowledge or additional aids such as keyboard mapping software), most such titles should be transliterated into the common English representation per Wikipedia:Romanization and moved to that name. For the titles that properly do and should use special characters and diacritics per Wikipedia naming conventions, their romanized equivalents should be redirected and categorized using one of the templates mentioned below.

Redirect templates

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Any redirect title in any namespace that contains only ASCII characters and redirects to a title containing one or more non-ASCII characters should use the template:

{{R from ASCII-only}}

Any redirect title that contains one or more non-ASCII characters and redirects to a title containing only ASCII characters should use the template:

{{R to ASCII-only}}
An example is a redirect title containing a hyphen (-) that targets an article title that replaces the hyphen with an endash (–). The hyphen is an ASCII character while the endash is non-ASCII.

Any redirect title that contains only ASCII characters and redirects to the same title except that it contains one or more diacritical marks should use the template:

{{R to diacritics}}

Any redirect title that contains one or more diacritical marks and redirects to the same title with no diacritical marks should use the template:

{{R from diacritics}}

With some article and redirect titles there may be the need to use a combination of the above templates, for example an article title that contains both an endash and one or more diacritical marks:

...note that an ASCII hyphen (-) in the date span is redirected to a non-ASCII endash (–), and the final two letters in the surname are two ASCII letters that redirect to two diacritically marked letters (see "Bars/Strokes" below). Also, in the case of diacritical marks, both titles should otherwise be the same title except for very minor differences (such as the hyphen → endash in this example).

Tips

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Examples of non-diacritical, non-ASCII characters

(This is not a comprehensive list)

Ligatures: Æ æ Œ œ
Letters that seem like diacritics: Ø ø Ð ð
Others: Ə ə Þ þ

Standard alphabetical letters are usually non-diacritical. See List of writing systems for more information.

The standard Greek alphabet is non-diacritical, though there do exist Greek letters with diacritical marks.
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π Σ Φ Ψ Ω α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ ς σ τ υ φ χ ψ ω


Examples of diacritical marks

(This is not a comprehensive list)

Acute accents (  ́ ): Á á Ć ć É é Í í Ĺ ĺ Ń ń Ó ó Ŕ ŕ Ś ś Ú ú Ý ý Ź ź
Double acute accents: Ő ő Ű ű
Grave accents (  ̀ ): À à È è Ì ì Ò ò Ù ù
Circumflexes: Â â Ĉ ĉ Ê ê Ĝ ĝ Ĥ ĥ Î î Ĵ ĵ Ô ô Ŝ ŝ Û û Ŵ ŵ Ŷ ŷ
Umlauts: Ä ä Ë ë Ï ï Ö ö Ü ü ǖ ǘ ǚ ǜ Ÿ ÿ
Tildes ( ˜ ): Ã ã Ẽ ẽ Ĩ ĩ Ñ ñ Õ õ Ũ ũ Ỹ ỹ
Cedillas: Ç ç Ģ ģ Ķ ķ Ļ ļ Ņ ņ Ŗ ŗ Ş ş Ţ ţ
Carons: Ǎ ǎ Č č Ď ď Ě ě Ǐ ǐ Ľ ľ Ň ň Ǒ ǒ Ř ř Š š Ť ť Ǔ ǔ Ž ž
Breves: Ă ă Ĕ ĕ Ğ ğ Ĭ ĭ Ŏ ŏ Ŭ ŭ
Macrons: Ā ā Ē ē Ī ī Ō ō Ū ū Ȳ ȳ Ǣ ǣ
Overdots: Ċ ċ Ė ė Ġ ġ İ ı Ż ż
Underdots: Ḍ ḍ Ḥ ḥ Ḷ ḷ Ḹ ḹ Ṃ ṃ Ṇ ṇ Ṛ ṛ Ṝ ṝ Ṣ ṣ Ṭ ṭ
Rings: Å å Ů ů
Ogoneks: Ą ą Ę ę Į į Ǫ ǫ Ų ų
Bars/Strokes: Đ đ Ħ ħ Ł ł
Interpuncts: Ŀ ŀ

Also see Greek diacritics.


Specific examples

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Redirect page Article title
Brunswick-Luneburg Brunswick-Lüneburg
Luneburg Lüneburg
Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Jerome Bonaparte Jérôme Bonaparte

Other tips

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Most titles in violation of the Wikipedia:Naming conventions#Special characters are northern European in origin, and have long established transliterative English equivalents.

See also

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