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Tedald (archbishop of Milan)

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Tedald was archbishop of Milan (died in Milan on 25 May 1085) from 1075 to 1085.

Early life

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Tedald was born into a noble family in Milan.[1][2] He entered into the service of King Henry IV of Germany who employed him in the royal chapel.[3][2]

Archbishop

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Henry IV made Tedald archbishop of Milan in 1075.[4] When appointing Tedald to the archbishopric, Henry ignored his former decision about the appointment of another cleric, Godfrey, to the same see.[3] The King also disregarded the claim of Pope Gregory VII's candidate, Atto, to the archbishopric.[1] The suffragan bishops consecrated Tedald archbishop.[2]

Tedald approached Pope Gregory, seeking the Pope's "friendship" in a letter, but the Pope was unwilling to acknowledge the royal investiture.[1][5] On 8 December, Gregory forbade the Archbishop's suffragan bishops to consecrate Tedald and summoned Tedald to Rome to give an account of his appointment.[1][6] The Pope regarded Tedald as a rebel and a renegade and accused him of claiming the see of the lawful archbishop, Atto.[7]

The Pope excommunicated Tedald at an unknown date.[8]

Henry IV made his three-year-old son, Conrad, his lieutenant in Italy before returning to Germany early in 1077.[9] On the same occasion, the King appointed Tedald and Denis, Bishop of Piacenza, as his son's guardians.[9] Tedald's excommunication was renewed at the Lenten synods of Rome in 1078, 1079 and 1080.[10]

Tedald was one of the nineteen Italian prelates to attend the synod that Henry IV held at Brixen on 25 June 1080.[11] The assembled prelates declared that Pope Gregory VII's election had been invalid.[11] Historian David J Hay has suggested Tedald was the leader of the coalition of Lombard bishops that defeated Matilda of Tuscany at the battle of Volta Mantovana in October 1080.[12]

Tedald and his suffragans appointed one thousand knights to accompany King Henry to Rome in 1082.[13]

Tedald died in Milan on 25 May 1085 (on the same day as Pope Gregory VII).[14]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d Robinson 2003, p. 140.
  2. ^ a b c Cowdrey 2004, p. 130.
  3. ^ a b Robinson 2003, pp. 139–140.
  4. ^ Robinson 2003, p. 139.
  5. ^ Cowdrey 2004, p. 131.
  6. ^ Cowdrey 2004, pp. 131–132.
  7. ^ Malegam 2013, p. 102.
  8. ^ Cowdrey 2004, pp. 284–285.
  9. ^ a b Robinson 2003, p. 166.
  10. ^ Cowdrey 2004, p. 285.
  11. ^ a b Robinson 2003, p. 198.
  12. ^ Hay 2008, p. 78.
  13. ^ Robinson 2003, p. 222.
  14. ^ Cowdrey 2004, p. 286.

Sources

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  • Cowdrey, H. E. J. (2004) [1998]. Pope Gregory VII, 1073–1085. Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-820646-1.
  • Malegam, Jehangir (2013). The Sleep of Behemoth: Disputing Peace and Violence in Medieval Europe, 1000-1200. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-5132-4.
  • Robinson, I. S. (2003) [1999]. Henry IV of Germany, 1056–1106. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-54590-0.
  • Hay, David J. (2008). The Military Leadership of Matilda da Canossa. Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0719073595.
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