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Tanghulu

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Tanghulu
Traditional bingtang hulu (Shanghai, 2008)
Alternative namesBīngtáng húlu, táng húlu, tangdun'er, tangqiu, tangzhan'er
TypeConfections
Place of originChina
Region or stateBeijing, Tianjin, and other Northern Chinese cities
Main ingredientsCrataegus pinnatifida, sugar syrup
Song Guangzong
Chinese hawthorn
Strawberry bingtang hulu

Tanghulu (/tɑːŋˈhuːluː/ ⓘ) or tang hulu (traditional Chinese: 糖葫蘆; simplified Chinese: 糖葫芦; pinyin: táng húlu; lit. 'sugar calabash'), also called bingtang hulu (冰糖葫蘆; 冰糖葫芦; bīngtáng húlu; 'rock-sugar calabash'), is a traditional Chinese snack consisting of several rock sugar coated fruits of Chinese hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida) on a bamboo skewer. It is named for its calabash-like shape. Tanghulu is called tangdun'er (simplified Chinese: 糖墩儿) in Tianjin, tangqiu (simplified Chinese: 糖球) in Fengyang, Anhui, and tangzhan'er (simplified Chinese: 糖蘸儿) in Shandong. Tanghulu is often mistaken for regular candied fruits; however, it is coated in a hardened sugar syrup. Tanghulu has been made since the Song dynasty and remains popular throughout northern China.[1]

Chinese hawthorn is the traditional fruit used,[2] though in ancient times other fruits were also used. In records from the Qing dynasty, grapes and walnuts were added. The pits and seeds of the hawthorn are emptied and are commonly filled with sweet red bean paste before being skewered and dipped. In modern times, fruit choices have become more diverse, such as cherry tomatoes, mandarin oranges, strawberries, blueberries, pineapples, kiwifruit, and bananas.

Origin

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Tanghulu is traditionally a Northern Chinese dessert which was especially famous in Beijing, according to numerous Qing dynasty accounts[citation needed]. Folklore attributes its origin to the Southern Song dynasty, when the emperor Song Guangzong (simplified Chinese: 宋光宗) had a beloved imperial concubine named Huang Guifei. One day, when Huang was sick, she refused to eat or drink all day long, and she seemed about to die at any moment. Palace doctors were puzzled as to how to cure her, resulting in Song Guangzong spending an exorbitant amount of money seeking medical help.[3] Later, a doctor came to the palace and treated Huang. He ordered cooks to prepare the hawthorn with rock sugar, advising Huang to take five to ten of them before each meal. Surprisingly, after a few days, Huang gradually recovered. Everyone thought this method was quite novel, so the prescription was passed down. Later, people began to string the fruit together and sell it on the street.[4] Modern tanghulu is still prepared in the same way, but is skewered on bamboo.

Nutrition

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Depending on the fruit used[which?], tanghulu can be rich in vitamin C, pectin and chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, maslinic acid, oleanolic acid, quercetin, ursolic acid, chrysin, epicatechin and other organic acids and nutritional elements[citation needed]. Chinese Hawthorn may have medicinal effects, such as reducing the effects of constipation and dysentery[citation needed] and lowering blood lipids and cholesterol, and its medicinal properties have been widely asserted in Chinese Medicine books. However, due to its high sugar content, long-term consumption may be unsuitable for diabetics or people with other health conditions.[5]

Each skewer is reported to contain about 20 to 30 grams of sugar, which is close to the recommended daily sugar intake.[6] High amounts of sugar can cause diabetes.[7] HIgh volumes of syrup stuck in between the teeth can lead to cavities, and can potentially dislodge resin-bonded teeth and dental implants.[8]

South Korea craze

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In Incheon and other areas with a high Chinese population, shops selling tanghulu existed in the country since the early 2000s. In early 2023, tanghulu went viral on YouTube Shorts and TikTok in South Korea. Although the origin of the trend is uncertain, some people[who?] on the internet attribute it to Miniyu, a Korean ASMR YouTuber. Gen Z and millennials were the primary audiences seen lining up for the dessert.[9] It garnered 210,000 tags on Instagram[when?]. The number of stores in South Korea increased from 50 to 300 stores within the span of six months[citation needed]. Its popularity has been attributed to high population density in metropolitan areas of South Korea where tanghulu may be sold, and the ease at which it is able to be made by businesses or at home.[10]

Problems

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In 2023, a senator from the Democratic Party of Korea summoned the president of Wangga Tanghulu, one of the leading brands of tanghulu, during a national inspection over the issue of extreme sugar intake and diabetes among children and youth, which had increased 20% just within two years.[11]

Tanghulu skewers and paper cups are often found littered on the streets of South Korea. Even when disposed of properly, skewers pierce garbage bags. Businesses, such as internet cafes, noraebangs, and restaurants, have been seen to display "No Tanghulu Zone"[12] signs, banning people from eating or bringing tanghulu into their establishment due to litter.

Demand declined in 2024 due to changing trends. As the season changed to winter, people started to prefer consuming warm desserts, such as fish-shaped pastries (Beungo-ppang; 붕어빵)[citation needed]. The Ministry of the Interior and Safety reported that 76 tanghulu stores closed in early May, higher than the number of stores closed at the same time last year.[13]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Timothy G. Roufs Ph.D.; Kathleen Smyth Roufs (29 July 2014). Sweet Treats around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture. ABC-CLIO. p. 85. ISBN 978-1-61069-221-2. Archived from the original on 8 August 2024. Retrieved 10 August 2018.
  2. ^ Mary Choate and Aaron Brachfeld (31 August 2015). At Home in Nature, a user's guide. Coastalfields Press. p. 315. GGKEY:K5213DDZJD2. Archived from the original on 8 August 2024. Retrieved 10 August 2018.
  3. ^ "冰糖葫芦不平凡的来历：从宫廷美食到常见小吃". hlj.ifeng.com. Archived from the original on 2023-02-10. Retrieved 2023-02-10.
  4. ^ 美食玉馔 (1970-01-01). "酸甜可口的冰糖葫芦，起源于宋朝皇妃的"富贵病"". k.sina.cn. Archived from the original on 2023-02-10. Retrieved 2023-02-10.
  5. ^ 华龙网 (2018-01-30). "冰糖葫芦营养价值大科普". news.sina.com.cn. Archived from the original on 2023-02-10. Retrieved 2023-02-10.
  6. ^ "Sugar: the facts". nhs.uk. 2022-03-03. Retrieved 2024-10-24.
  7. ^ "Is Tanghulu Bad For You? - Here Is Your Answer". www.isitbadforyou.com. Retrieved 2024-08-30.
  8. ^ 홍윤화 김민기 꽁냥꽁냥 (2020-02-21). 돌발상황! 탕후루 먹다 이🦷가 빠지다?!!ㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋ탕후루는 정말 위험한 음식입니다...😂 TANGHULU EATING SOUNDS MUKBANG [홍윤화 김민기 꽁냥꽁냥]. Retrieved 2024-10-24 – via YouTube.
  9. ^ 창업의신 (2023-09-09). 강남 압구정 로데오도 굴복시킨 탕후루. 밤8시30분 로데오상권 웨이팅 1등 #창업아이템. Retrieved 2024-10-24 – via YouTube.
  10. ^ Cao, Steffi (2024-03-15). "All About Tanghulu, the Colorful (and Controversial) Snack Beloved By TikTok". Bon Appétit. Retrieved 2024-10-24.
  11. ^ "소아당뇨 염려에…'왕가탕후루' 대표 국감 간다". 네이트 뉴스 (in Korean). Retrieved 2024-08-30.
  12. ^ "끈적이고 벌레 꼬이고…쓰레기 몸살에 '노 탕후루존' 등장". 네이트 뉴스 (in Korean). Retrieved 2024-08-30.
  13. ^ Daily, The Chosun (2024-05-12). "South Korea's Tanghulu craze fades, 17 franchisees sigh over decline". The Chosun Daily. Retrieved 2024-08-30.
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  • Media related to Tanghulu at Wikimedia Commons
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