Talk:Woman/Gender source list

This page is for listing sources that establish the weight and consensus of gender (in contrast to biological sex) as important, reliable, verifiable and belonging on woman article. Sources are not listed in any particular order.

Sources

• Oxford Reference - Gender draws attention, therefore, to the socially constructed aspects of differences between women and men.
• MW - In this dichotomy, the terms male and female relate only to biological forms (sex), while the terms masculine/masculinity, feminine/femininity, woman/girl, and man/boy relate only to psychological and sociocultural traits (gender). This delineation also tends to be observed in technical and medical contexts, with the term sex referring to biological forms in such phrases as sex hormones, sex organs, and biological sex.
• APA Psych Dic Sex usually refers to the biological aspects of maleness or femaleness, whereas gender implies the psychological, behavioral, social, and cultural aspects of being male or female
• APA Psych Dic - Femininity - possession of social-role behaviors that are presumed to be characteristic of a girl or woman, as contrasted with femaleness, which is genetically determined.
• Oxford Reference (anthropology) - Gender - The cultural patterning of what it means to be male, female, or neither.
• MW - female (b) - having a gender identity that is the opposite of male
• Yale School of Medicine - In the study of human subjects, the term gender should be used to refer to a person's self-representation as male or female, or how that person is responded to by social institutions on the basis of the individual's gender presentation.
• Harvard - Gender Identity (GI) is a person’s inner sense of being a woman, man, another gender, or having no gender at all.
• Stanford Historically many feminists have understood ‘woman’ differently: not as a sex term, but as a gender term that depends on social and cultural factors (like social position). In so doing, they distinguished sex (being female or male) from gender (being a woman or a man), although most ordinary language users appear to treat the two interchangeably.
• Cambridge BJPsych Bulletin - Gender-affirmative care remains the leading approach to care for transgender youth and is well supported by empirical evidence, clinical experience and ethical reasoning.
• WHO - Gender refers to the characteristics of women, men, girls and boys that are socially constructed.
• IOC Framework on Fairness - Everyone, regardless of their gender identity, expression, and or sex variations should be able to participate in sport safely and without prejudice. Later in same source uses word "women" in establishing this rule.
• Chicago Journal of International Law - I argue the term “woman” as used in CEDAW means all of the above: biological, anatomical, genetic, gender performance, and/or gender identity— meaning any of the listed categories standing alone would be sufficient as would a combination of two or more categories.
• Canadian Dept of Justice - Women: All people who identify as women, whether they are cisgender or transgender women.
• NYC Gov - Terms associated with gender expression include, but are not limited to, androgynous, butch, female/woman/feminine, femme, gender non-conforming, male/man/masculine, or non-binary.
• United States DOL - Gender identity: A person's internal sense of being male, female, or something else such as agender, binary, gender fluid, gender nonconforming, genderqueer, or nonbinary. Since gender identity is internal, one's gender identity is not necessarily visible to others. All people have a gender identity.
• Pew Research Center - When it comes to issues surrounding gender identity, young adults are at the leading edge of change and acceptance. Half of adults ages 18 to 29 say someone can be a man or a woman even if that differs from the sex they were assigned at birth. This compares with about four-in-ten of those ages 30 to 49 and about a third of those 50 and older.
• US EEOC - Similarly, if an employer fires an employee because that person was identified as male at birth but uses feminine pronouns and identifies as a female, the employer is taking action against the individual because of sex since the action would not have been taken but for the fact the employee was originally identified as male.
• Cornell Law - Many different gender identities exist including, male, female, transgender, gender neutral, non-binary, agender, pangender, genderqueer, two-spirit, third gender, and all, none or a combination of these.
• NYT - Most feminists these days go even further, however, fully rejecting trans-exclusionary rhetoric and agreeing that trans women are women, full stop.
• APA - For example, a transgender woman, or a person who is assigned male at birth and transitions to female, who is attracted to other women would be identified as a lesbian or gay woman.
• ACLU - Trans women are women
• AIDS Patient Care and STD - Trans women are women first and foremost and share more in common with cisgender (“cis”) women (people who have a feminine gender identity and/or expression that is congruent with the female sex they were assigned at birth) than they do with MSM with respect to psychosocial drivers of HIV risk.