Talk:Land reform in Ethiopia

Notes for improvement

Modern land reform could be said to have started under Tewodros II, who confiscated the extensive lands of the Ethiopian Church to give to his soldiers. However, this was unsuccessful & only resulted in the Ethiopian Church turning on the undiplomatic monarch.

Several different peasant revolts in the 20th century have their origins in the inequitable distribution of ownership: for example, the Bale & Gojjam revolts. Title to the land had been taken from the indigenous peoples & given to followers of the Emperors from Menelik II on as payment & a reward for their loyalty. Combined with the myriad of forms of tenure & rents, this made a bad situation worse. Emperor Haile Selassie attempted to remedy this situation somewhat by proclamations to survey (or measure) the lands of his realm, then later in 1966 by passing a law to abolish gult (which had at best mixed or limited success), but one could write that the situation was mostly unchanged by the 1974 revolution.

The Derg reform was perhaps the most radical implementation of land reform imaginable. The Ottaways note that instead of introducing reform gradually, thus not only giving the administrators the chance to learn from their mistakes but minimizing possible disruptions in the food supply, it was implemented practically overnight -- which led to foreseeable problems. Further, instead of transferring the land from one private owner to another, ownership was held by the state -- something preserved in the 1995 Constitution by the EPDRF. This led to degradation of Ethiopia's remaining forest cover.

Under the Federal government, new forms of tenure as well as resettlement programmes have been tried to not only address the problems of land ownership but to make Ethiopia self-sufficient in food. These programmes have had mixed success. (This is the general outline; now the specific facts & sources need to be researched & documented.) -- llywrch (talk) 18:15, 16 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]

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