Talk:Invasive test

nvasive test Invasive test is a type of diagnostic test or a surgical procedure that requires trained physicians to use various instruments to physically cut or incise skin or any connective tissue inside the body. The instruments can generally be smaller in size and ensures less pain [1]. The invasive tests might include biopsy, excision, cryotherapy for malignant wounds, or organ transplantation[2].

Invasive vs Non-Invasive tests The major difference between invasive and non-invasive tests is that invasive test is done by incising a body part through various medical instruments whereas non-invasive test does not require incision of a body part and a patient is not hurt physically. Non-invasive tests include, deep palpitation, x-rays, checking blood pressure, glucose level etc. [3]

Open surgery of human eye List of invasive procedures Below are various invasive diagnostic procedures which are used to treat various diseases in human body:

      Cardiac Catheterization
      Balloon Angioplasty
      Coronary Stenting
      Peripheral Vascular Angioplasty, Atherectomy,
      IVC Filter Placement and Removal
      Thrombectomy on Deep Vein Thrombosis
      Varicose Vein Ablation and Phlebectomy Procedures
      Transvenous Pacemakers
   Transesophageal Echocardiography
     Radiofrequency Ablation
 Pacemaker/defibrillator insertion
     Left atrial appendage closure [4].

Cardiac Catheterization

It is one of the invasive procedures that allows physicians to examines the heart of a patient. During this procedure a physician measures the pressure inside the heart and also evaluate arteries delivering blood to the heart and observe how well heart in pumping.

Ballon Angiplasty

This is an invasive test that helps to treat any blockage present in the coronary arteries. A catheter with a small balloon is inserted into the blocked artery and dilated to open the artery that supplies the heart muscle with blood.

Atheretomy

Is a procedure performed to treat blockages in the arteries. The narrowed arteries are widened by inserting a catheter carrying a device such as a rotating drill or a cutter into the artery.

Coronary Stent

It is a cylindrical wire mesh device that is placed by a catheter into a previously blocked artery to help keep it open [5]

Equipment There are various equipment used for performing surgeries and these equipment come in various shapes and sizes depending on part of the body where surgery is needed to be done. These instruments are hand-held tools and are made up of carbon steel, aluminum or titanium which are used by skilled physicians to perform surgical tasks. Most used medical equipment include, scalpels, forceps, scissors, clamps, and retractor. Some surgical procedures requires specified set of equipment for example, in case of orthopedic surgery: bone saw, files, mallets and drills are required.[6]

Medical Application of Invasive tests Invasive tests have numerous applications in the field of dentistry, prenatal testing, cancer diagnosis, and neurology, and cosmetics etc. Invasive tests thus provides an opportunity for patients to treat different kinds of diseases [7]

Safety of patient during invasive procedure In order to perform invasive test or surgery it is important that the procedure should be performed in an proper hygiene setting, such as well-equipped operating room or intensive care unit. Careful attention must be given to the timing of procedures. Early diagnosis will result in early selection of disorder and thus will lead to effective result and will save time and money. Elective procedures should not take hours to perform or else it would lead to delay in operation. Special care for patients must be taken to avoid stress and strain on patients. Careful monitoring of the patient is necessary such as checking pulse rate, heart rate, blood pressure as well as mental status before and after the procedure. In general, physician must be concerned regarding patient’s condition[8]

Risks There are many drawbacks of invasive procedures, which include increased patient discomfort, increased wound care, and longer healing periods. Use of invasive diagnostic techniques in the case of pregnant mothers increases the chances of abortion and mental stress [9]

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