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TXS 1545-234

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TXS 1545-234
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
ConstellationScorpius
Right ascension15h 48m 17.57s
Declination-23d 37m 01.80s
Redshift2.755000
Heliocentric radial velocity825,928 km/s
Distance10.955 Gly (light travel time distance)
Apparent magnitude (V)0.676
Apparent magnitude (B)0.894
Surface brightness22.7
Notable featuresRadio galaxy
Other designations
PGC 2828571, MRC 1545-234, NVSS J154817-233701, [RMC95] 1545-234

TXS 1545-234 known as NVSS J154817-233701, is a radio galaxy located in the constellation Scorpius. It has a redshift of 2.755.[1][2]

Characteristics

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TXS 1545-234 is classified as a typical brighten Fanaroff-Riley Class II radio galaxy[3] with double hot spots, making it a common phenomenon.[4] This is caused by its radio jet changing direction by a small amount on a timescale less than the source. Other factors for having double hot spots in TXS 1545–234, are change of ejection axis from the galaxy's central engine, or by its jet-cloud interaction.[5][6]

TXS 1545-234 is extremely luminous galaxy, with a space density of a few hundred times compared to today's galaxies.[7] Moreover, it has a spatially extended waveband and a large rotation measure likely caused by magnetized, ionized gas.[8] Like most high redshift radio galaxies (HzRG), TXS 1545-234 hosts a radio source featuring an ultra-deep spectrum (USS), making it a powerful tool to pinpoint distant galaxies.[9] Such USS sources that were studied by researchers, found out there is a strong statistical relationship between its spectral index and the redshift.[10]

In addition, TXS 1545-234 shows a large variety of properties. This includes the unexpected alignment between its ultraviolet and optical emission, the galaxy's radio structure as well as having an enormous gas halo present (> 100 kpc wide) showing strong Lyman-alpha emission lines.[10]

The galaxy is known to have an inferred physical parameter of gas density, ionization parameter, and gas metallicity. However it shows no correlation with the radio power suggesting its ionization state is not affected significantly by the radio jet.[11]

Observation

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In the research done by Japanese researchers in 2022, TXS 1545-234 was one of the three galaxies selected out of the nine HzRGs studied by Matsuoka et al. (2009) for detection of metallicity in narrow-line regions.[12] The other two were TN J0920-0712 and 4C +24.28. All of the three radio galaxies show a high S/N spectra with at least six emission lines with S/N > 5. According to researchers, they found there are N iv]λ1486, O iii]λ1663, and [Ne iv]λ2424 emission lines in these galaxies, which are weaker than C iv, He ii, and C iii] emission lines.[11] Such of these, were carried out through observations using the FOcal Reducer and low dispersion Spectrograph 2,[13] taken from the Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile, between 2005 October and 2006 October. From the observations they find the spectral resolution was R ~ 500, measured through usage of widths for sky emission lines.[11]

From these results, all three radio galaxies show signs of high gas metallicity closer to or higher compared the solar metallicities (i.e., Z ≳ Z⊙), suggesting HzRGs are z ~ 3 are chemically maturing in the early universe, when the cosmic age was only ~2 Gyr,[11] where the average and standard deviation of stellar mass in sample of galaxies such as 4C +23.46 and 4C +40.36 are (2.7 ± 1.3) × 1011 M⊙.[14][15] The results are shown to consistent with some previous studies,[16] but obtained with only fewer assumptions in the photoionization model.

References

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  1. ^ "NED Search results for WISEA J154817.51-233701.8". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database.
  2. ^ "Distant Radio Galaxies and their Environments - G.K. Miley & C. De Breuck". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-30.
  3. ^ Fanaroff, B. L.; Riley, J. M. (1974-05-01). "The morphology of extragalactic radio sources of high and low luminosity". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 167 (1): 31P–36P. Bibcode:1974MNRAS.167P..31F. doi:10.1093/mnras/167.1.31P. ISSN 0035-8711.
  4. ^ Laing, R. (1989-01-01). "Radio Observation of Hot Spots". In Klaus Meisenheimer; Hermann-Josef Röser (eds.). Hot Spots in Extragalactic Radio Sources. Workshop Held at Ringberg Castle, Tegernsee, FRG, February 8–12, 1988. Lecture Notes in Physics. Vol. 327. Springer. pp. 27–44. Bibcode:1989LNP...327...27L. doi:10.1007/BFb0036010. ISBN 3-540-50993-3.
  5. ^ Lonsdale, C. J.; Barthel, P. D. (1986-07-01). "Double hotspots and flow redirection in the lobes of powerful extragalactic radio sources". The Astronomical Journal. 92: 12–22. Bibcode:1986AJ.....92...12L. doi:10.1086/114130. ISSN 0004-6256.
  6. ^ Cox, C. I.; Gull, S. F.; Scheuer, P. A. G. (1991-10-01). "Three-dimensional simulations of the jets of extragalactic radio sources". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 252 (4): 558–585. Bibcode:1991MNRAS.252..558C. doi:10.1093/mnras/252.4.558. ISSN 0035-8711.
  7. ^ Dunlop, J. S.; Peacock, J. A. (1990-11-01). "The redshift cut-off in the luminosity function of radio galaxies and quasars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 247: 19. Bibcode:1990MNRAS.247...19D. ISSN 0035-8711.
  8. ^ CARILLI, C. L.; RÖTTGERING, H. J. A.; VAN OJIK, R.; MILEY, G. K.; VAN BREUGEL, W. J. M. (1997). "Radio Continuum Imaging of High-redshift Radio Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 109 (1): 1–44. arXiv:astro-ph/9610157. Bibcode:1997ApJS..109....1C. doi:10.1086/312973.
  9. ^ Roettgering, H. J. A.; Miley, G. K.; Chambers, K. C.; MacChetto, F. (1995). "1995A&AS..114...51R Page 51". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 114: 51. Bibcode:1995A&AS..114...51R. Retrieved 2024-05-30.
  10. ^ a b Roettgering, H. J. A.; Van Ojik, R.; Miley, G. K.; Chambers, K. C.; Van Breugel, W. J. M.; De Koff, S. (1997). "1997A&A...326..505R Page 505". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 326: 505. arXiv:astro-ph/9608063. Bibcode:1997A&A...326..505R. Retrieved 2024-05-30.
  11. ^ a b c d Terao, Koki; Nagao, Tohru; Onishi, Kyoko; Matsuoka, Kenta; Akiyama, Masayuki; Matsuoka, Yoshiki; Yamashita, Takuji (2022). "Multiline Assessment of Narrow-line Regions in z ~ 3 Radio Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 929 (1): 51. arXiv:2203.03390. Bibcode:2022ApJ...929...51T. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac5b71.
  12. ^ Matsuoka, K.; Nagao, T.; Maiolino, R.; Marconi, A.; Taniguchi, Y. (2009-09-01). "Chemical evolution of high-redshift radio galaxies". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 503 (3): 721–730. arXiv:0905.1581. Bibcode:2009A&A...503..721M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200811478. ISSN 0004-6361.
  13. ^ Appenzeller, I.; Fricke, K.; Fürtig, W.; Gässler, W.; Häfner, R.; Harke, R.; Hess, H. -J.; Hummel, W.; Jürgens, P.; Kudritzki, R. -P.; Mantel, K. -H.; Meisl, W.; Muschielok, B.; Nicklas, H.; Rupprecht, G. (1998-12-01). "Successful commissioning of FORS1 - the first optical instrument on the VLT". The Messenger. 94: 1–6. Bibcode:1998Msngr..94....1A. ISSN 0722-6691.
  14. ^ Seymour, Nick; Stern, Daniel; De Breuck, Carlos; Vernet, Joel; Rettura, Alessandro; Dickinson, Mark; Dey, Arjun; Eisenhardt, Peter; Fosbury, Robert; Lacy, Mark; McCarthy, Pat; Miley, George; Rocca-Volmerange, Brigitte; Röttgering, Huub; Stanford, S. Adam (2007-08-01). "The Massive Hosts of Radio Galaxies across Cosmic Time". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 171 (2): 353–375. arXiv:astro-ph/0703224. Bibcode:2007ApJS..171..353S. doi:10.1086/517887. ISSN 0067-0049.
  15. ^ De Breuck, Carlos; Seymour, Nick; Stern, Daniel; Willner, S. P.; Eisenhardt, P. R. M.; Fazio, G. G.; Galametz, Audrey; Lacy, Mark; Rettura, Alessandro; Rocca-Volmerange, Brigitte; Vernet, Joël (2010-12-01). "The Spitzer High-redshift Radio Galaxy Survey". The Astrophysical Journal. 725 (1): 36–62. arXiv:1010.1385. Bibcode:2010ApJ...725...36D. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/725/1/36. ISSN 0004-637X.
  16. ^ Nagao, T.; Maiolino, R.; Marconi, A. (2006-03-01). "Gas metallicity in the narrow-line regions of high-redshift active galactic nuclei". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 447 (3): 863–876. arXiv:astro-ph/0508652. Bibcode:2006A&A...447..863N. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20054127. ISSN 0004-6361.
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