Swine Priory
Swine Priory was a priory in the village of Swine in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. The site of the Cistercian nunnery is a Scheduled Monument.[1]
The nunnery was in existence from the 12th century until 1539. Little remains of the buildings but extensive earthworks and the remains of fishponds, drains and a moat are still visible. Part of the nunnery church was incorporated into the existing Church of St Mary.
History
[edit]The nunnery was founded in the 12th century by Robert de Verli, under Fountains Abbey, initially with 14 nuns and a prioress, and was dedicated to the Virgin Mary.[2] In 1177 a papal bull from Pope Alexander III confirmed the Cistercian rights of the house.[3] By 1181 when Henry II confirmed the house it included a master, cannons, brothers and nuns. In subsequent years the separation of men and women within the institution was criticised as not being as good as it should be.[3] In 1404 Walter Skirlaw, who was Bishop of Durham from 1388 to 1406, bequeathed £100 to the nuns of Swine.[4] There were several disputes with the nearby Meaux Abbey.[3] The nunnery was closed as part of the dissolution of the monasteries 1539.[1] When the priory surrendered on 9 September 1539 there was a prioress and 19 nuns.[4]
The Church of St Mary, which was built around 1180, was the conventual church of the Priory.[5][6] The current building contains parts of the nunnery church which was 25 metres (82 ft) long.[7]
The remains contain earthworks which show where the previous buildings used to be. These included a four-sided cloister surrounded by a moat which was up to 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) deep and 5 metres (16 ft) to 10 metres (33 ft) wide and a series of drains. There were also a series of fishponds and there is evidence of ridge and furrow.[1][7]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Historic England. "Site of Swine Cistercian nunnery (1007750)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
- ^ Thompson, Thomas (1824). A History of the Church and Priory of Swine in Holderness. T. Topping. p. 12.
- ^ a b c Horrox, Rosemary; Rees Jones, Sarah (2001). Pragmatic Utopias: Ideals and Communities, 1200–1630. Cambridge University Press. pp. 27–42. ISBN 9781139429627.
- ^ a b "Houses of Cistercians nuns: Priory of Swine Pages 178-182 A History of the County of York: Volume 3". British History Online. Victoria County History. Archived from the original on 11 August 2016. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
- ^ Historic England. "Church of St Mary (1083427)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
- ^ "St Mary Priory". Explore Churches. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
- ^ a b Historic England. "Swine Priory (80603)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 20 March 2020.