Stolpersteine in Milan
Stolpersteine is the German name for small, cobblestone-sized memorials placed around Europe by the German artist Gunter Demnig. They commemorate the victims of Nazi Germany who were murdered, deported, exiled or driven to suicide. The first Stolpersteine in Milan, the capital of the Italian region of Lombardia, were established in January 2017.
Generally, the blocks are posed in front of the building where the victims had their last self-chosen residence. The name of the Stolpersteine in Italian is pietre d'inciampo.
| Stone | Inscription | Location | Life and death |
|---|---|---|---|
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HERE LIVED
ANGELO AGLIERI LOMBROSO BORN 1914 ARRESTED 25.5.1944 DEPORTED FLOSSENBÜRG MURDERED 24.12.1944 |
Viale Monza, 23 | Angelo Aglieri |
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HERE WORKED
GIANLUIGI BANFI BORN 1910 ARRESTED 21.3.1944 DEPORTED MAUTHAUSEN MURDERED 10.4.1945 GUSEN |
Via dei Chiostri 2 45°28′27″N 9°11′11″E / 45.4741575°N 9.1863163°E |
Gian Luigi Banfi, born on 2 April 1910 in Milan, was an architect. Together with colleagues Belgiojoso, Peressutti and Rogers, he founded the BBPR studio, which was also involved in urban planning, in interior design and in publishing the journal Quadrante. He promoted rationalist architecture in Italy and became an anti-fascist, he adhered to the clandestine Partito d'Azione and caught during Nazi occupation of northern Italy. His colleague Ernesto Nathan Rogers, of Jewish descent, had to flee to Switzerland. Banfi and his colleague Lodovico Barbiano di Belgiojoso were arrested on 21 March 1944 and deported first to Fossoli di Carpi, then to Bolzano and Mauthausen. He died in the Gusen subcamp on the eve of liberation, on 10 April 1945.[1][2]
Belgiojoso did survive. |
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HERE LIVED
ADELE BASEVI LOMBROSO BORN 1868 ARRESTED 1.12.1943 DEPORTED AUSCHWITZ MURDERED 5.2.1944 |
Via Vespri Siciliani 71 45°27′03″N 9°08′36″E / 45.4507843°N 9.1434358°E |
Adele Basevi Lombroso was born on 7 August 1866 in Brescia. She was the daughter of Alessandro Basevi and Silvia Finzi. She married Gerolamo Lombroso. The couple had a daughter, Renata. After the German occupation of Northern Italy in September 1943, Italian citizens who betrayed Jews to the SS were promised to get their apartment. The elderly lady was arrested by Nazi troops on 1 December 1943. She was deported with the convoy #6 to Auschwitz concentration camp on 30 January 1944 and arrived there on 6 February 1944. She was murdered on the day of her arrival in a gas chamber.
Her daughter was able to survive because she was warned and hid by the porter after returning from work.[3][4][5] |
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HERE LIVED
GIUSEPPE BERNA BORN 1903 ARRESTED 11.3.1944 DEPORTED MAUTHAUSEN DIED 10.5.1945 |
Via privata Hermada, 4 | Giuseppe Berna |
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HERE LIVED
MARGHERITA LUZZATTO BÖHM BORN 1878 ARRESTED 13.12.1943 DEPORTED AUSCHWITZ MURDERED 26.2.1944 |
Via De Amicis, 45 | Margherita Luzzatto Böhm[6] |
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HERE LIVED
MICHELANGELO BÖHM BORN 1867 ARRESTED 13.12.1943 DEPORTED AUSCHWITZ MURDERED 6.2.1944 |
Via De Amicis, 45 | Michelangelo Böhm[7] |
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HERE LIVED
EMMA BOVI BORN 1888 ARRESTED 15.3.1944 DEPORTED RAVENSBRÜCK MURDERED 25.3.1945 FÜRSTENBERG |
Via Bezzecca, 1 | Emma Bovi |
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HERE LIVED
ENZO CAPITANO BORN 1927 ARRESTED 22.12.1944 DEPORTED MAUTHAUSEN DIED 9.5.1945 |
Via Stradella, 13 | Enzo Capitano[8][9] |
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HERE LIVED
DANTE COEN BORN 1910 ARRESTED 26.7.1944 DEPORTED AUSCHWITZ MURDERED 4.4.1945 BUCHENWALD |
Via Plinio 20 45°28′42″N 9°12′50″E / 45.4783235°N 9.2139647°E |
Dante Coen was born on 24 August 1910 in Ancona. He was the son of Arrigo Coen and Ilde Portaleone. He had ten brothers (Aldo, Attilio, Brenno, Bruno, Enzo, Franco, Manfred, Nello, Remo and Umberto) and four sisters (Dina, Floretta, Lina and Romilda).[10] He married Angelina Giustacchini. The couple had a daughter, Ornella. He was arrested by Nazi authorities on 26 July 1944, and deported with convoy # 14 on 2 August 1944 to Auschwitz and arrived there on 6 August 1944. His prison number was 190841, tattooed on his skin. He was murdered, presumably after a death march, in Buchenwald concentration camp on 4 April 1945.[11]
At least two of his siblings, Romilde and Umberto, were also victims of the Shoah.[12] |
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HERE LIVED
ETTA DE BENEDETTI REINACH BORN 1904 ARRESTED NOV. 1943 DEPORTED AUSCHWITZ MURDERED |
Via De Togni, 10 | Maria Antonietta Reinach De Benedetti[13][14] |
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HERE LIVED
PIERO DE BENEDETTI BORN 1929 ARRESTED NOV. 1943 DEPORTED AUSCHWITZ MURDERED |
Via De Togni, 10 | Piero De Benedetti[13] |
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HERE LIVED
UGO DE BENEDETTI BORN 1893 ARRESTED NOV. 1943 DEPORTED AUSCHWITZ MURDERED |
Via De Togni, 10 | Ugo De Benedetti[13] |
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HERE LIVED
ANTONIO DE GIORGI BORN 1904 DEPORTED MAUTHAUSEN MURDERED 20.3.1945 GUSEN |
Via Borgonuovo, 5 | Antonio De Giorgi[15][16] |
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HERE LIVED
MELCHIORRE DE GIULI BORN 1906 ARRESTED 7.8.1944 DEPORTED DACHAU MURDERED 24.2.1945 ÜBERLINGEN |
Via Milazzo 4 45°28′45″N 9°11′15″E / 45.47907°N 9.18753°E |
Melchiorre De Giuli was born on 7 February 1906 in Motta Visconti in the province of Milan. His parents were Costante De Giuli and Maria Caserio. At a young age he was a follower of the Fascists, but turned away from them in the 1930s. He became an overt opponent of Mussolini and his regime. He joined the resistance movement Giustizia e Libertà and was interned from 1934 to 1938 as a political prisoner on the island of Ponza. After the armistice of Cassibile and the subsequent invasion of the Germans in northern Italy, he joined the Lombard Azione Patriottica, small clandestine resistance groups founded by the Communist Party of Italy. He was arrested in Milan on 7 August 1944 by the Nazis and deported first to Bolzano, later to Dachau concentration camp. De Giuli came to a sub-camp established at the outskirts of Überlingen, in Aufkirch, where 700 prisoners were deployed in the construction of an extensive underground facility, the Goldbach Stollen for the manufacture of military armaments. There he was murdered on 24 February 1945.[17] |
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HERE LIVED
CESARE FANO BORN 1868 ARRESTED 18.12.1943 DEPORTED AUSCHWITZ MURDERED 6.2.1944 |
Via Corridoni, 1 | Cesare Fano was born on 13 June 1868 in Colorno (PR), son of Abramo Fano and Corinna Rimini. In 1904 he married Silvia Usigli born on September 2, 1879, in Rovigo, daughter of Giacomo and Carolina Usigli. They had a son, Paolo, and they live in Milan, in Via Corridoni #1. Cesare worked in a bank and Silvia was a housewife. The family had a peaceful life. They did not realize the consequences of the racial laws of 1938 and remained at home even after September 8, 1943, day of the German occupation. Their advanced age would have saved them. When they tried to escape to Switzerland at the end of December 1943, it was too late. They were captured on 18 December 1943 in Tirano, they were detained first in the Sondrio prison and then in Milan, in San Vittore. They were deported on transport 6 which departed from platform 21 in Milan on 30 January 1944 and arrived in Auschwitz on 6 February 1944. They did not go through the selection on arrival and were immediately sent to the gas chambers.[16][18] |
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HERE LIVED
SILVIA USIGLI FANO BORN 1879 ARRESTED 18.12.1943 DEPORTED AUSCHWITZ MURDERED 6.2.1944 |
Via Corridoni, 1 | Silvia Usigli Fano[16][19] |
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HERE LIVED
WILLIAM FINZI BORN 1900 ARRESTED 10.5.1944 DEPORTED AUSCHWITZ MURDERED 7.2.1945 MAUTHAUSEN |
Via Conca del Naviglio, 7 | William Finzi[16] |
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HERE LIVED
ANGELO FIOCCHI BORN 1911 ARRESTED 2.3.1944 DEPORTED MAUTHAUSEN MURDERED 7.4.1945 EBENSEE |
Viale Lombardia, 65 | Angelo Fiocchi[16][20][8][21] |
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HERE LIVED
RAFFAELE GILARDINO BORN 1917 ARRESTED 2.8.1944 DEPORTED DACHAU BUCHENWALD MURDERED 1.2.1945 |
Viale Piceno, 33 | Raffaele Gilardino[16][22] |
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HERE LIVED
GIUSEPPE LENZI BORN 1880 ARRESTED 15.3.1944 DEPORTED MAUTHAUSEN MURDERED 21.11.1944 GUSEN |
Via Spontini 8 45°28′54″N 9°12′50″E / 45.4816784°N 9.213860299999964°E |
Giuseppe Lenzi was born on 23 December 1880 in Palaia in the province of Pisa. He was married to Sestilia Antonelli.[23] Lenzi was an anti-fascist. After the armistice of Cassibile and the subsequent take-over of power by the Nazi regime in northern Italy, he joined the Partito d'Azione (Pd'A), a political party founded in 1942 in the underground to fight against fascism. He became a close associate of Ferruccio Parri, a leading representative of the Pd'A, a partisan chief and later Prime Minister of Italy. Following a denunciation, he was arrested by Nazi forces on 15 March or 15 August 1944. He was first deported to Fossoli transit camp, thereafter to the Mauthausen concentration camp and murdered on 21 November 1944 in one of its sub-camps, in Gusen.[24][25]
On 20 May 1946, Lenzi was officially recognized as partisan and voluntary freedom fighter for Lombardy in the years 1943 and 1944. |
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HERE LIVED
ROMEO LOCATELLI BORN 1897 ARRESTED 20.11.1944 DEPORTED MAUTHAUSEN MURDERED 9.4.1945 GUSEN |
Viale Emilio Caldara, 11 | Romeo Locatelli[26][27] |
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HERE LIVED
GIUSEPPE MALAGODI BORN 1894 ARRESTED 10.12.1943 DEPORTED MAUTHAUSEN MURDERED 29.3.1945 GUSEN |
Via Marcona, 34 | Giuseppe Malagodi |
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HERE LIVED
ALESSANDRO MONETA BORN 1883 ARRESTED 4.11.1944 DEPORTED MAUTHAUSEN MURDERED 20.1.1945 GUSEN |
Piazzale Cadorna, 15 | Alessandro Moneta |
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HERE LIVED
GIUSEPPE PAGANO BORN 1896 ARRESTED 5.9.1944 DEPORTED MAUTHAUSEN MURDERED 22.4.1945 MELK |
Via Sarfatti, 25 (in front of Bocconi University) | Giuseppe Pagano Pogatschnig, architect[28] |
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HERE LIVED
LIVIA SINIGALLIA PIPERNO BORN 1906 ARRESTED 15.12.1943 DEPORTED AUSCHWITZ MURDERED 30.12.1944 DACHAU |
Via Bizzoni, 7 | Livia Sinigallia Piperno |
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HERE LIVED
ODORICO PIPERNO BORN 1901 ARRESTED 15.12.1943 DEPORTED AUSCHWITZ MURDERED |
Via Bizzoni, 7 | Odorico Piperno |
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HERE LIVED
RAMBALDO PIPERNO BORN 1930 ARRESTED 15.12.1943 DEPORTED AUSCHWITZ MURDERED |
Via Bizzoni, 7 | Rambaldo Piperno |
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HERE LIVED
RENZO PIPERNO BORN 1932 ARRESTED 15.12.1943 DEPORTED AUSCHWITZ MURDERED 6.2.1944 |
Via Bizzoni, 7 | Renzo Piperno |
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HERE LIVED
OTTO POPPER BORN 1915 ARRESTED 24.1.1944 DEPORTED MAUTHAUSEN MURDERED 25.10.1944 LINZ |
Via Mengoni, 2 | Otto Michael Popper |
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HERE LIVED
ERNESTO REINACH BORN 1855 ARRESTED NOV. 1943 DEPORTED AUSCHWITZ MURDERED 7.12.1943 DURING TRANSPORT |
Via De Togni, 10 | |
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HERE LIVED
ALBERTO SEGRE BORN 1899 ARRESTED 8.12.1943 DEPORTED AUSCHWITZ MURDERED 27.4.1944 |
Corso Magenta 55 45°27′56″N 9°10′25″E / 45.4656763°N 9.1734925°E |
Alberto Segre was born on 12 December 1899 in Milan. Son of Giuseppe Segre and Olga Loevvy.[29] He had to take part in the last phase of World War I but graduated from Liceo Manzoni in July 1918. Graduated in Economics and Commerce, worked for the family firm. He was anti-fascist. Married Lucia Foligno. On 10 September 1930, their only daughter was born, Liliana. A few months later his wife died. When the persecution of Italian Jews intensified, Segre hid his daughter with friends by using fake documents. In December 1943, an attempt to flee to Switzerland failed. Father and daughter were arrested the following day in Selvetta di Viggiù in the Province of Varese. They were transferred to the prison in Varese, then to Como and finally to Milan. On 30 January 1944, Segre and his daughter were deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp, which they reached seven days later. The daughter was immediately separated from her father, who was killed in Auschwitz on 27 April 1944.[1][30][31]
On 18 May 1944, his parents were arrested in Inverigo. They were also deported to Auschwitz and murdered on arrival on June 30. His daughter was a forced laborer at an ammunition factory for about a year and underwent three more selections. She survived a death march to Germany and was liberated on 1 May 1945. Returning to Italy, she married Alfredo Belli Paci in 1948, who was also a concentration camps survivor. The couple had three children. In the 1990s she became one of the most important Italian witnesses of the Holocaust. In 2004, she obtained the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic.[32] |
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HERE LIVED
AUGUSTO SILLA FABBRI BORN 1905 ARRESTED 11.3.1944 DEPORTED MAUTHAUSEN DIED 10.5.1945 GUSEN |
Via dei Cinquecento, 20 | Augusto Silla Fabbri was born on 28 September 1905 a Copparo. He was a mechanic at Caproni, an important an Italian aircraft manufacturer founded in 1908. He was married to Luigia Riazzoli. The couple lived in Via dei Cinquecento 20. He was opposed to fascism and was active in clandestine resistance work. In early March 1944 he participated in the Italian general strike against the Nazi regime and organized the resistance inside Caproni who blocked all activities for eight days. He was arrested and thereafter deported to Mauthausen concentration camp. He arrived there on 20 March 1944. His inmate number was 58847. In April he was transferred to one of the Gusen camps, later-on he was kept in custody in Floridsdorf, a district of Vienna. It is unknown why he was deported to Auschwitz concentration camp in December 1944. Only few weeks later the evacuation of Auschwitz began and he was sent beck to Mauthausen where he was registered with the number 118709. In the middle of February 1945 he was again transferred to Gusen and again exploited in forced labour. He died of hunger and pain on 10 May 1945, when the Nazi regime had already ceased to exist.[33][34] |
Collocation dates
[edit]The Stolpersteine of Milan were all collocated by Gunter Demnig personally at the following dates.
- 19 January 2017: Corso Magenta, 55; Via dei Chiostri, 2; Via Gaspare Spontini, 8; Via Milazzo, 4; Via Plinio, 20; Via Vespri Siciliani, 71
- 19 January 2018: Via Bezzecca, 1; Viale Caldara, 11; Via dei Cinquecento, 20; Via privata Hermada, 4; Via Marcona, 34; Via Sarfatti, 25; Viale Monza, 23; Viale Piceno, 33
- 20 January 2018: Piazzale Cadorna, 15; Via Borgonuovo, 5; Via Mengoni, 2; Via Stradella 13; Viale Lombardia, 65
- 23 January 2018: Via Bizzoni, 7; via Conca del Naviglio, 7; via Corridoni, 1; via De Amicis, 45; via De Togni, 10[35]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b A Milano il 19 gennaio la posa della prima pietra d'inciampo della città, in corso Magenta davanti a casa Segre, Mosaico, 19 gennaio 2017.
- ^ Biography Gianluigi Banfi
- ^ Chi era costui?: Adele Basevi Lombroso, retrieved 2 February 2017.
- ^ CDEC: Basevi, Adele, retrieved 2 February 2017.
- ^ The date of death stated on the Stolperstein may be incorrect. According to Danuta Czech: Kalendarium der Ereignisse im Konzentrationslager Auschwitz-Birkenau 1939–1945, Reinbek bei Hamburg 1989, ISBN 3-498-00884-6, p. 720, the RSHA transport with 700 Jews from Milan and Verona arrived on 6 February 1944 in Auschwitz.
- ^ Centro di documentazione ebraica contemporanea: "Luzzatto, Margherita". Retrieved 12 June 2017.
- ^ Centro di documentazione ebraica contemporanea: "Boehm, Michelangelo". Retrieved 12 June 2017.
- ^ a b A.N.P.I.: Pietre d'Inciampo in Zona 3, 19 January 2018.
- ^ Anna Cirillo: Così morì lo studente Enzo, La Repubblica, 30 January 2005.
- ^ CDEC: Portaleone, Ilde, retrieved on 2 February 2017.
- ^ Chi era costui?: Scheda Dante Coen, retrieved on 2 February 2017.
- ^ CDEC: Coen, Dante, retrieved on 2 February 2017.
- ^ a b c Carlo Galante: [Perseguitati perchè ebrei. La triste storia dei Reinach.], retrieved on 7 June 2018.
- ^ CLAIMS RESOLUTION TRIBUNAL: In re Holocaust Victim Assets Litigation Case No. CV96-4849, retrieved on 7 June 2018.
- ^ Chi era costui?: Scheda Antonio De Giorgi, retrieved on 7 June 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f A.N.P.I.: PIETRE D'INCIAMPO A MILANO, retrieved on 7 June 2018.
- ^ Chi era costui?: Scheda Melchiorre De Giuli, retrieved on 2 February 2017.
- ^ Centro di documentazione ebraica contemporanea: "Fano, Cesare". Retrieved 8 June 2017., with a portrait
- ^ Centro di documentazione ebraica contemporanea: "Usigli, Silvia". Retrieved 8 June 2017.
- ^ Milano Today: Sfregiata la pietra d'inciampo di Angelo Fiocchi in viale Lombardia a Milano, 23 January 2018.
- ^ Corriere della Sera (Milano): Sfregiata la pietra d'inciampo di Angelo Fiocchi, 23 January 2018.
- ^ Pietre d'inciampo Milano: 12. Raffaele GILARDINO, retrieved on 1 June 2018.
- ^ Università degli Studi di Milano: Giorno della memoria 2017 - La memoria a Milano: le Pietre d'Inciampo, retrieved on 2 February 2017.
- ^ Chi era costui?: Scheda Giuseppe Lenzi, retrieved on 2 February 2017.
- ^ Concerning the month of the arrest, there are conflicting indications. On the Stolperstein and on the website Chi era costui? the 15th of August 1944 is mentioned, on the website of the Associazione Figli della Shoah, retrieved on 2 February 2017, and on other internet sources it's the 15th of March.
- ^ Chi era costui?: Scheda Romeo Locatelli (Omero), retrieved on 2 June 2018.
- ^ le Pietre d'Inciampo: Romeo Locatelli: i documenti, with two photographs, retrieved on 2 June 2018.
- ^ R.it: Memoria, 26 nuove pietre di inciampo per le vittime della Shoah. Sala: "Milano libera e antifascista", 15 January 2018.
- ^ Picciotto, Liliana (2001). Il libro della memoria. Milano: Mursia.
- ^ "CDEC: Segre, Alberto". Retrieved 29 July 2017.
- ^ "Chi era costui?". Retrieved 29 July 2017.
- ^ "Dettaglio decorato Segre Sig.ra Liliana". Retrieved 29 July 2017.
- ^ Chi era costui?: Augusto Silla Fabbri, retrieved on 1 July 2018.
- ^ Pietre d'inciampo Milano, cartella stampa: Augusto SILLA FABBRI, retrieved on 1 July 2018.
- ^ Comune di Milano: Milano è memoria: Pietre d'inciampo, 19 January 2018.
External links
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Stolpersteine in Milan.
- Stolpersteine.eu, official website of Gunter Demnig