Stanton St Bernard
Stanton St Bernard | |
---|---|
Corner Cottage, The Street | |
Location within Wiltshire | |
Population | 189 (in 2011)[1] |
OS grid reference | SU093623 |
Unitary authority | |
Ceremonial county | |
Region | |
Country | England |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Post town | Marlborough |
Postcode district | SN8 |
Dialling code | 01672 |
Police | Wiltshire |
Fire | Dorset and Wiltshire |
Ambulance | South Western |
UK Parliament | |
Website | Parish Council |
Stanton St Bernard is a village and civil parish in the Vale of Pewsey, Wiltshire, England. Its nearest town is Devizes, about 6 miles (10 km) away to the west.
The parish is tall and narrow, extending north onto the Marlborough Downs where it includes Milk Hill, the highest point in Wiltshire.
History
[edit]Evidence of prehistoric activity in the area includes earthworks on Milk Hill.[2] The Wansdyke early medieval earthwork crosses the north of the parish. The boundaries of the parish were defined in Saxon times and remain largely unchanged.[3]
The Domesday Book of 1086 recorded 46 households at Stantone, held by Wilton Abbey, within Swanborough hundred.[4] The manor continued to be held by the abbey until its dissolution in 1539.[3] The manor was granted to Sir William Herbert in 1544, who was created Earl of Pembroke in 1551, and the estate remained with the Pembrokes until 1917.[3] Tenants of the demesne farm included the Prater family. Anthony Prater (1545-1583) was subject to litigation for extortion and was excommunicated from the Catholic church.[3][5]
The former manor house[6] and Mill Farmhouse (a former watermill)[7] are from the 17th century; Church Farmhouse is from the late 18th.[8]
The Kennet and Avon Canal was built through the parish in 1807.[3] The wharf at Honeystreet, just over the eastern boundary, served the area.
A small school was built in 1849, next to the church. It closed in 1970 and the children transferred to the school at Woodborough; the building became the village hall.[3]
Population of the parish peaked in the late 19th century, with 371 recorded at the 1871 census and 373 in 1891, then declined throughout the 20th century.[1]
Religious sites
[edit]A church, which became the parish church of All Saints, was first mentioned in 1267.[3] The tower was added in the 15th century, then in 1832 all except the tower was rebuilt in Gothic style; a further rebuilding of the chancel became necessary in 1859.[9][10] The church has a 13th-century stone font[11] and a richly coloured east window by Lavers & Barraud, 1867.[12]
The benefice was united with that of Alton Barnes with Alton Priors in 1928,[13] with the parsonage house at Stanton St Bernard to be sold, taking effect on the next vacancy (which occurred in 1932).[3] A team ministry was established for the area in 1975,[14] and today the parish is part of the Vale of Pewsey Churches, alongside 15 others.[15]
A Wesleyan Methodist chapel was built in 1841 and closed in the early 20th century.[3]
Local government
[edit]The civil parish elects a parish council. All significant local government services are provided by Wiltshire Council, a unitary authority with its headquarters in Trowbridge, and the parish is represented there by Paul Oatway.[16]
Notable people
[edit]Scholarly vicars of Stanton St Bernard include Robert Parker, from 1594 until 1604; he fled into exile in 1607 after expressing nonconformist views.[17] His son Thomas (1595–1677) began a career as a teacher, then emigrated to New England in 1634, alongside a number of Wiltshire men; there he was a pastor, teacher, and writer, and after his death a river was renamed after him.[18] Thomas's sister Elizabeth was a prophet who disputed theological matters with her brother.[19]
Robert Parker was succeeded by Richard Stephens,[20] probably a brother of Robert's wife, Dorothy. Richard's son Nathaniel (c.1606–1678) was a controversial clergyman.[21]
In the early 19th century, Robert and William Tasker, of Stanton St Bernard, established the Waterloo Ironworks in Hampshire. This developed into Taskers of Andover, making engines and heavy vehicles; the brand survived into the 1990s.
Naomi Corbyn (1915–1987), mother of Labour politician Jeremy Corbyn, lived in Stanton St Bernard from around 1980.[22]
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Wiltshire Community History – Census". Wiltshire Council. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
- ^ Historic England. "Earthwork enclosure on Milk Hill (1004735)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Baggs, A. P.; Crowley, D. A.; Pugh, Ralph B.; Stevenson, Janet H.; Tomlinson, Margaret (1975). "Parishes: Stanton St. Bernard". In Crittall, Elizabeth (ed.). A History of the County of Wiltshire, Volume 10. Victoria County History. University of London. pp. 146–155. Retrieved 3 May 2021 – via British History Online.
- ^ Stanton in the Domesday Book
- ^ "Anthony Thomas Prater (GENT)". Prater / Prather Genealogy. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
- ^ Historic England. "Manor Farmhouse (1033725)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
- ^ Historic England. "Mill Farmhouse (1193907)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
- ^ Historic England. "Church Farmhouse (1033724)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
- ^ "All Saints, Stanton St. Bernard". Wiltshire Community History. Wiltshire Council. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
- ^ Historic England. "Church of All Saints (1365968)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
- ^ "All Saints, Stanton St Bernard, Wiltshire". The Corpus of Romanesque Sculpture in Britain and Ireland. King's College London. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
- ^ Orbach, Julian; Pevsner, Nikolaus; Cherry, Bridget (2021). Wiltshire. The Buildings Of England. New Haven, US and London: Yale University Press. p. 654. ISBN 978-0-300-25120-3. OCLC 1201298091.
- ^ "No. 33369". The London Gazette. 23 March 1928. pp. 2106–2108.
- ^ "No. 46552". The London Gazette. 22 April 1975. p. 5166.
- ^ "Churches". Vale of Pewsey Churches. Retrieved 3 May 2021.
- ^ "Your Councillors". Wiltshire Council. Retrieved 25 August 2024.
- ^ This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Parker, Robert (1564?–1614)". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
- ^ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Tedder, Henry Richard (1895). "Parker, Thomas (1595-1677)". In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 43. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
- ^ Baston, Jane. "Avery [née Parker], Elizabeth". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/69074. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ "Stephens, Richard: Stanton Barnard". Clergy of the Church of England Database. King’s College London. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
- ^ This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Stephens, Nathaniel". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
- ^ "Obituary: Naomi Corbyn". Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine. 82: 203–204. 1988 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library .
Further reading
[edit]- Nikolaus Pevsner, Bridget Cherry, The Buildings of England: Wiltshire (Penguin Books, 1975)
External links
[edit]Media related to Stanton St Bernard at Wikimedia Commons
- "Stanton St Bernard". Wiltshire Community History. Wiltshire Council. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
- Stanton St Bernard at genuki.org.uk
- stantonstbernard.org – parish website