Southern grotto salamander
| Southern grotto salamander | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Urodela |
| Family: | Plethodontidae |
| Genus: | Eurycea |
| Species: | E. braggi
|
| Binomial name | |
| Eurycea braggi (Smith, 1968)
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
Typhlotriton braggi | |
The southern grotto salamander (Eurycea braggi) is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to northern Arkansas in the United States.[1][2]
Taxonomy
[edit]It is now considered a member of the genus Eurycea, but was originally described as Typhlotriton braggi.[3]
It was described in 1968, but was later synonymized with the grotto salamander (E. spelaea), but a 2017 study found substantial genetic differences between the clades classified in E. spelaea and once again split them into distinct species. It is thought to have diverged from the northern grotto salamander (E. nerea) during the Late Miocene. All three grotto salamanders are thought to descend from an ancestral surface-dwelling form.[3]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]This species is found in the Ozarks of northern Arkansas, where it is found in the East Springfield Plateau. It is found east of the White River basin. It inhabits freshwater springs (as a juvenile), inland karsts, and caves.[3]
Description
[edit]This is a troglobitic species that has evolved several troglomorphisms such as a pale coloration and reduced eyesight, much like E. spelaea. Alongside E. spelaea and E. nerea, it is the only blind, troglobitic salamander that undergoes full metamorphosis.[3][4]
References
[edit]- ^ "Eurycea braggi (Smith, 1968) | Amphibian Species of the World". amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org. Retrieved 2021-12-22.
- ^ "AmphibiaWeb - Eurycea braggi". amphibiaweb.org. Retrieved 2021-12-22.
- ^ a b c d Phillips, John G.; Fenolio, Danté B.; Emel, Sarah L.; Bonett, Ronald M. (2017). "Hydrologic and geologic history of the Ozark Plateau drive phylogenomic patterns in a cave-obligate salamander". Journal of Biogeography. 44 (11): 2463–2474. doi:10.1111/jbi.13047. ISSN 1365-2699. S2CID 49239415.
- ^ Conant, Roger, and Joseph T. Collins (1998) Peterson Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians Eastern/Central North America. 3rd ed. Houghton Mifflin Company, p. 498 ISBN 0395904528