Silesian Parliament

Silesian Parliament Sejm Śląski
Legislative body of Silesian Voivodeship (1920–1939)
Type
Type	Unicameral
History
Established	1922
Disbanded	1939
Preceded by	Legislative Sejm (Second Polish Republic)
Succeeded by	Silesian Regional Assembly
Structure
Seats	28 (at dissolution)
Political groups	Sanation (28)
Elections
Voting system	Multi-member constituencies
Last election	1935
Meeting place
Silesian Parliament, Katowice

Silesian Parliament or Silesian Sejm (Polish: Sejm Śląski) was the governing body of the Silesian Voivodeship (1920–1939), an autonomous voivodeship of the Second Polish Republic between 1920 and 1945. It was elected in democratic elections and had a certain influence over the usage of taxes collected in Silesia. It consisted of 48 deputies (24 from 1935).

History

The eastern part of Upper Silesia became part of the Second Polish Republic following the Silesian Uprisings throughout the Upper Silesian region between 1918 and 1921, and Upper Silesia Plebiscite. The land was subsequently divided by an allied commission and the League of Nations, leaving the Katowice region on the Polish side. Together with Cieszyn Silesia it formed Silesian Voievodeship with significant autonomy (Silesian Parliament as a constituency and Silesian Voivodship Council as the executive body).

Building

Designed by architect Ludwik Wojtyczko, the Silesian Parliament was built in 1925–1929 in the Stripped Classicist style. For a very long time it was the biggest structure in Poland. Currently it hosts the offices of the Silesian Voivodship. The building has seven floors and contains one of four paternoster lifts currently in use in Poland. The Polish architect Adolf Szysko-Bohusz announced a competition for the design of the new Silesian Parliament in 1925, who wished the building to espouse the local Polish cultural identity of the region, instead of the more customary German/ Prussian style. When the building was inaugurated in May 1929, Michal Grazynski, President of the Province of Upper silesia, called the building a "material symbol of Polish culture and power".

The building is one of Poland's official national Historic Monuments (Pomnik historii), as designated on October 22, 2012 and tracked by the National Heritage Board of Poland.

Composition

1922

Political groups		Mandates
	Blok Narodowy	18
	Polish Socialist Party	8
	National Workers' Party	7
	Katolische Volkspartei	12	6
	Deutsche Partei		6
	German Socialists	2
	Piast	1
Total		48

1930 (I)

Political groups		Mandates
	Katolische Volkspartei	15	10
	Deutsche Partei		5
	German Socialists	1
	Christian democracy	13
	Narodowo-Chrześcijańskie Zjednoczenie Pracy	10
	Polish Socialist Party	4
	National Workers' Party	3
	Communists	2
Total		48

1930 (II)

Political groups		Mandates
	Narodowo-Chrześcijańskie Zjednoczenie Pracy	19
	Christian democracy	19
	Polish Socialist Party	1
	Katolische Volkspartei	7	5
	Deutsche Partei		2
	German Socialists	2
Total		48

1935

Political groups		Mandates
	Sanation	24
Total		24

Leadership

Karol Grzesik

Leadership (1922-29):

• Marshal of the Sejm: Konstanty Wolny;
• Deputy Marshal of the Sejm: Józef Biniszkiewicz, Michał Grajek, Eduard Pant, Kazimierz Rakowski, Edward Rybarz.

Leadership (1930):

• Marshal of the Sejm: Konstanty Wolny;
• Deputy Marshal of the Sejm: Emil Caspari, Włodzimierz Dąbrowski, Eduard Pant.

Leadership (1930-35):

• Marshal of the Sejm: Konstanty Wolny;
• Deputy Marshal of the Sejm: Włodzimierz Dąbrowski, Eduard Pant, Emil Gajdas, Jan Kędzior.

Leadership (1935-39):

• Marshal of the Sejm: Karol Grzesik;
• Deputy Marshal of the Sejm: Włodzimierz Dąbrowski, Alojzy Kot.

Literature

• Nowak Jerzy (kier.): Przewodnik po Katowicach, Wydawnictwo „Śląsk”, Katowice 1962, s. 228;
• Rechowicz Henryk: Sejm Śląski 1922−1939, Wydawnictwo „Śląsk”, Katowice 1971;
• Sala Sejmu Śląskiego to dla nas ważne miejsce (pol.) www.katowice.naszemiasto.pl [dostęp 2011-05-19];
• Wojciech Janota: Katowice między wojnami. Miasto i jego sprawy 1922–1939. Łódź: Księży Młyn, 2010, s. 11, 12. ISBN 978-83-7729-021-7.