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Gammarus

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Gammarus
Gammarus roeseli
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Family: Gammaridae
Genus: Gammarus
Fabricius, 1775
Type species
Gammarus pulex
Synonyms
  • Rivulogammarus
  • Sinogammarus

Gammarus is an amphipod crustacean genus in the family Gammaridae. It contains more than 200 described species, making it one of the most species-rich genera of crustaceans.[2] Different species have different optimal conditions, particularly in terms of salinity, and different tolerances; Gammarus pulex, for instance, is a purely freshwater species, while Gammarus locusta is estuarine, only living where the salinity is greater than 25‰.[3]

Species of Gammarus are the typical "scuds" of North America and range widely throughout the Holarctic. A considerable number are also found southwards into the Northern Hemisphere tropics, particularly in Southeast Asia.[4]

Species

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The following species are included:[5] Four new species were found in 2018 on the Tibetan Plateau.[6] Four more new species were described from the Chihuahuan Desert in 2021.[7]

References

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  1. ^ Jan Hendrik Stock (1969). "Rivulogammarus, an amphipod name that must be rejected". Crustaceana. 17 (1): 106–107. doi:10.1163/156854069X00105.
  2. ^ F. O. Costa; C. M. Henzler; D. H. Lunt; N. M. Whiteley; J. Rock (2009). "Probing marine Gammarus (Amphipoda) taxonomy with DNA barcodes" (PDF). Systematics and Biodiversity. 7 (4): 365–379. doi:10.1017/S1477200009990120. S2CID 83482755.[permanent dead link‍]
  3. ^ C. Barry Cox; Peter D. Moore (2010). "Patterns of distribution". Biogeography: An Ecological and Evolutionary Approach (8th ed.). John Wiley and Sons. pp. 37–89. ISBN 978-0-470-63794-4.
  4. ^ Zhonge Hou; Jinzhong Fu; Shuqiang Li (2009). "A molecular phylogeny of the genus Gammarus (Crustacea: Amphipoda) based on mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 45 (2): 596–611. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.06.006. PMID 17686635.
  5. ^ Mark Costello; Denise Bellan-Santini (2010). "Gammarus Fabricius, 1775". World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
  6. ^ Hou, Zhonge; Li, Shuqiang (2018). "Four new Gammarus species from Tibetan Plateau with a key to Tibetan freshwater gammarids (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridae)". ZooKeys (747): 1–40. doi:10.3897/zookeys.747.21999. PMC 5904427. PMID 29674901. Retrieved 3 April 2018.
  7. ^ a b c d e Ashley D. Walters; Andrew G. Cannizzaro; Daniel A. Trujillo; David J. Berg (2021). "Addressing the Linnean shortfall in a cryptic species complex". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 192 (2): 277–305. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa099.
  8. ^ a b Maryam Hekmatara; Alireza Sari; Mohammad-Hadi Heidary Baladehi (2011). "Two new Gammarus species (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Gammaridae) from Zagros Mountains, Iran" (PDF excerpt). Zootaxa. 2894: 39–57. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2894.1.3.
  9. ^ Özbek, Murat; Aydin, Gökhan (2023-01-01). "A new amphipod from the depths of the Morca Sinkhole (Anamur, Türkiye): Gammarus morcae n. sp. (Amphipoda: Gammaridae), with notes on cavernicolous amphipods of Türkiye". Turkish Journal of Zoology. 47 (2). The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Tubitak-Ulakbim) - Digital Commons Journals: 81–93. doi:10.55730/1300-0179.3118. ISSN 1300-0179.
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