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Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group

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The Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group (SPCG) is a group of scientific researchers who have conducted a series of clinical trials of treatments for prostate cancer.[1][2] The group was founded in 1981 and the first study, SPCG-1, began in 1984.[1]

Clinical trials

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The studies conducted by the SPCG include the following:[1][2][3]

The SPCG-6 study was also known as Trial 25 of the Early Prostate Cancer (EPC) clinical trial programme.[35][18][19][20][21]

Other work

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The SPCG also published a 1997 literature review on combined androgen blockade for advanced prostate cancer.[36]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Hedlund PO (1999). "The Scandinavian Prostatic Cancer Group. A short review of its history and work". Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl. 33 (203): 53–6. doi:10.1080/003655999750016285-2. PMID 10636572.
  2. ^ a b Høisaeter PA, Vaage S, Hedlund PO (2003). "Clinical research done by the Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group during the first 20 years". Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl. 37 (212): 7–10. doi:10.1080/03008880310006878. PMID 12841320.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Fizazi K, Abrahamsson PA, Ahlgren G, Bellmunt J, Castellano D, Culine S, de Wit R, Gillessen S, Gschwend JE, Hamdy F, James N, McDermott R, Miller K, Wiegel T, Wirth M, Tombal B (May 2015). "Achievements and perspectives in prostate cancer phase 3 trials from genitourinary research groups in Europe: introducing the Prostate Cancer Consortium in Europe". Eur Urol. 67 (5): 904–12. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2014.08.076. PMID 25218582.
  4. ^ Hedlund PO, Jacobsson H, Vaage S, Hahne B, Sandin T, Kontturi M, Nordle O, Esposti P (April 1997). "Treatment of high-grade, high-stage prostate cancer with estramustine phosphate or diethylstilbestrol. A double-blind study. The SPCG-1 Study Group. Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group". Scand J Urol Nephrol. 31 (2): 167–72. doi:10.3109/00365599709070324. PMID 9165581.
  5. ^ Hedlund PO, Esposti P, Falkmer U, Jacobsson H (1991). "DNA as a prognostic marker in advanced high-grade prostatic cancer. A preliminary report. SPCG-I study". Acta Oncol. 30 (2): 215–7. doi:10.3109/02841869109092354. PMID 2029409.
  6. ^ Jørgensen T, Tveter KJ, Jørgensen LH (1993). "Total androgen suppression: experience from the Scandinavian Prostatic Cancer Group Study No. 2". Eur Urol. 24 (4): 466–70. doi:10.1159/000474351. PMID 8287887.
  7. ^ Jørgensen T, Müller C, Kaalhus O, Danielsen HE, Tveter KJ (1995). "Extent of disease based on initial bone scan: important prognostic predictor for patients with metastatic prostatic cancer. Experience from the Scandinavian Prostatic Cancer Group Study No. 2 (SPCG-2)". Eur Urol. 28 (1): 40–6. doi:10.1159/000475018. PMID 8521893.
  8. ^ Bill-Axelson A, Holmberg L, Filén F, Ruutu M, Garmo H, Busch C, Nordling S, Häggman M, Andersson SO, Bratell S, Spångberg A, Palmgren J, Adami HO, Johansson JE (August 2008). "Radical prostatectomy versus watchful waiting in localized prostate cancer: the Scandinavian prostate cancer group-4 randomized trial". J Natl Cancer Inst. 100 (16): 1144–54. doi:10.1093/jnci/djn255. PMC 2518167. PMID 18695132.
  9. ^ Holmberg L, Bill-Axelson A, Steineck G, Garmo H, Palmgren J, Johansson E, Adami HO, Johansson JE (December 2012). "Results from the Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group Trial Number 4: a randomized controlled trial of radical prostatectomy versus watchful waiting". J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 2012 (45): 230–3. doi:10.1093/jncimonographs/lgs025. PMC 3540876. PMID 23271778.
  10. ^ McDermott DW, Sanda MG (March 2009). "Health-related quality-of-life effects of watchful waiting re-evaluated in SPCG-4". Nat Clin Pract Urol. 6 (3): 124–5. doi:10.1038/ncpuro1314. PMID 19190593. S2CID 205341171.
  11. ^ Albertsen P (April 2009). "Words of wisdom. Re: Radical prostatectomy versus watchful waiting in localized prostate cancer: the Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group-4 randomized trial". Eur Urol. 55 (4): 989–90. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2009.01.009. PMID 19650212.
  12. ^ Hedlund PO, Henriksson P (March 2000). "Parenteral estrogen versus total androgen ablation in the treatment of advanced prostate carcinoma: effects on overall survival and cardiovascular mortality. The Scandinavian Prostatic Cancer Group (SPCG)-5 Trial Study". Urology. 55 (3): 328–33. doi:10.1016/s0090-4295(99)00580-4. PMID 10699602.
  13. ^ Spetz AC, Hammar M, Lindberg B, Spångberg A, Varenhorst E (August 2001). "Prospective evaluation of hot flashes during treatment with parenteral estrogen or complete androgen ablation for metastatic carcinoma of the prostate". J Urol. 166 (2): 517–20. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65973-3. PMID 11458057.
  14. ^ Vuong W, Sartor O, Pal SK (2014). "Management of localized prostate cancer: the pendulum swings (back to the middle)". Asian J Androl. 16 (4): 570–1. doi:10.4103/1008-682X.131072. PMC 4104085. PMID 24875822.
  15. ^ Hedlund PO, Ala-Opas M, Brekkan E, Damber JE, Damber L, Hagerman I, Haukaas S, Henriksson P, Iversen P, Pousette A, Rasmussen F, Salo J, Vaage S, Varenhorst E (2002). "Parenteral estrogen versus combined androgen deprivation in the treatment of metastatic prostatic cancer -- Scandinavian Prostatic Cancer Group (SPCG) Study No. 5". Scand J Urol Nephrol. 36 (6): 405–13. doi:10.1080/003655902762467549. PMID 12623503. S2CID 2799580.
  16. ^ Hedlund PO, Damber JE, Hagerman I, Haukaas S, Henriksson P, Iversen P, Johansson R, Klarskov P, Lundbeck F, Rasmussen F, Varenhorst E, Viitanen J (2008). "Parenteral estrogen versus combined androgen deprivation in the treatment of metastatic prostatic cancer: part 2. Final evaluation of the Scandinavian Prostatic Cancer Group (SPCG) Study No. 5". Scand J Urol Nephrol. 42 (3): 220–9. doi:10.1080/00365590801943274. PMID 18432528. S2CID 38638336.
  17. ^ Adolfsson J (February 2009). "Words of wisdom. Re: Parenteral estrogen versus combined androgen deprivation in the treatment of metastatic prostatic cancer: part 2. Final evaluation of the Scandinavian Prostatic Cancer Group (SPCG) Study No. 5". Eur Urol. 55 (2): 525. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2008.11.018. PMID 19606537.
  18. ^ a b Iversen P, Tammela TL, Vaage S, Lukkarinen O, Lodding P, Bull-Njaa T, Viitanen J, Hoisaeter P, Lundmo P, Rasmussen F, Johansson JE, Persson BE, Carroll K (September 2002). "A randomised comparison of bicalutamide ('Casodex') 150 mg versus placebo as immediate therapy either alone or as adjuvant to standard care for early non-metastatic prostate cancer. First report from the Scandinavian Prostatic Cancer Group Study No. 6". Eur Urol. 42 (3): 204–11. doi:10.1016/s0302-2838(02)00311-1. PMID 12234503.
  19. ^ a b Iversen P, Johansson JE, Lodding P, Lukkarinen O, Lundmo P, Klarskov P, Tammela TL, Tasdemir I, Morris T, Carroll K (November 2004). "Bicalutamide (150 mg) versus placebo as immediate therapy alone or as adjuvant to therapy with curative intent for early nonmetastatic prostate cancer: 5.3-year median followup from the Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group Study Number 6". J Urol. 172 (5 Pt 1): 1871–6. doi:10.1097/01.ju.0000139719.99825.54. PMID 15540741.
  20. ^ a b Iversen P, Johansson JE, Lodding P, Kylmälä T, Lundmo P, Klarskov P, Tammela TL, Tasdemir I, Morris T, Armstrong J (2006). "Bicalutamide 150 mg in addition to standard care for patients with early non-metastatic prostate cancer: updated results from the Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Period Group-6 Study after a median follow-up period of 7.1 years". Scand J Urol Nephrol. 40 (6): 441–52. doi:10.1080/00365590601017329. PMID 17130095. S2CID 25862814.
  21. ^ a b Thomsen FB, Brasso K, Christensen IJ, Johansson JE, Angelsen A, Tammela TL, Iversen P (July 2015). "Survival benefit of early androgen receptor inhibitor therapy in locally advanced prostate cancer: long-term follow-up of the SPCG-6 study". Eur J Cancer. 51 (10): 1283–92. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2015.03.021. PMID 25892647.
  22. ^ Thomsen FB, Brasso K, Berg KD, Gerds TA, Johansson JE, Angelsen A, Tammela TL, Iversen P (March 2016). "Association between PSA kinetics and cancer-specific mortality in patients with localised prostate cancer: analysis of the placebo arm of the SPCG-6 study". Ann Oncol. 27 (3): 460–6. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdv607. PMID 26681677.
  23. ^ Fransson P, Lund JA, Damber JE, Klepp O, Wiklund F, Fosså S, Widmark A (April 2009). "Quality of life in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer given endocrine treatment with or without radiotherapy: 4-year follow-up of SPCG-7/SFUO-3, an open-label, randomised, phase III trial". Lancet Oncol. 10 (4): 370–80. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(09)70027-0. PMID 19286422.
  24. ^ Widmark A, Klepp O, Solberg A, Damber JE, Angelsen A, Fransson P, Lund JA, Tasdemir I, Hoyer M, Wiklund F, Fosså SD (January 2009). "Endocrine treatment, with or without radiotherapy, in locally advanced prostate cancer (SPCG-7/SFUO-3): an open randomised phase III trial". Lancet. 373 (9660): 301–8. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61815-2. PMID 19091394. S2CID 11694500.
  25. ^ Fosså SD, Wiklund F, Klepp O, Angelsen A, Solberg A, Damber JE, Hoyer M, Widmark A (October 2016). "Ten- and 15-yr Prostate Cancer-specific Mortality in Patients with Nonmetastatic Locally Advanced or Aggressive Intermediate Prostate Cancer, Randomized to Lifelong Endocrine Treatment Alone or Combined with Radiotherapy: Final Results of The Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group-7". Eur Urol. 70 (4): 684–691. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2016.03.021. PMID 27025586.
  26. ^ Greenberger BA, Taylor JM, Chen VE, Den RB (2020). "Comparing Radiotherapy to Prostatectomy for High-Risk Prostate Cancer: A Narrative Review of Mortality and Quality-of-Life Outcomes". Cancer J. 26 (1): 29–37. doi:10.1097/PPO.0000000000000420. PMID 31977382. S2CID 210891064. Multiple efforts have been attempted to adequately power randomized trials to compare mortality outcomes between RP and RT, although the vast majority have failed to accrue,3–6 including proposed collaborations in ACOSOG SPIRIT, SPCG-10, MRC PR06, and SWOG8890.
  27. ^ Wirth M, Tammela T, Cicalese V, Gomez Veiga F, Delaere K, Miller K, Tubaro A, Schulze M, Debruyne F, Huland H, Patel A, Lecouvet F, Caris C, Witjes W (March 2015). "Prevention of bone metastases in patients with high-risk nonmetastatic prostate cancer treated with zoledronic acid: efficacy and safety results of the Zometa European Study (ZEUS)". Eur Urol. 67 (3): 482–91. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2014.02.014. PMID 24630685.
  28. ^ Reza M, Wirth M, Tammela TL, Cicalese V, Veiga FG, Mulders P, Miller K, Tubaro A, Debruyne F, Patel A, Caris C, Witjes W, Thorsson O, Wollmer P, Edenbrandt L, Ohlsson M, Trägårdh E, Bjartell A (February 2021). "Automated Bone Scan Index as an Imaging Biomarker to Predict Overall Survival in the Zometa European Study/SPCG11". Eur Urol Oncol. 4 (1): 49–55. doi:10.1016/j.euo.2019.05.002. PMID 31186177. S2CID 186204429.
  29. ^ Reza, Mariana; Wirth, Manfred; Tammela, Teuvo L. J.; Cicalese, Virgilio; Veiga, Francisco Gomez; Miller, Kurt; Tubaro, Andrea; Debruyne, Frans; Patel, Anup; Caris, Christien; Witjes, Wim; Thorsson, Ola; Wollmer, Per; Edenbrandt, Lars; Ohlsson, Mattias; Tragardh, Elin; Bjartell, Anders (20 May 2016). "Bone Scan Index as an imaging biomarker to predict overall survival in the Zeus/SPCG11 study". Journal of Clinical Oncology. 34 (15 suppl): e16599. doi:10.1200/JCO.2016.34.15_suppl.e16599. eISSN 1527-7755. ISSN 0732-183X.
  30. ^ Ahlgren GM, Flodgren P, Tammela TL, Kellokumpu-Lehtinen P, Borre M, Angelsen A, Iversen JR, Sverrisdottir A, Jonsson E, Sengelov L (June 2018). "Docetaxel Versus Surveillance After Radical Prostatectomy for High-risk Prostate Cancer: Results from the Prospective Randomised, Open-label Phase 3 Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group 12 Trial". Eur Urol. 73 (6): 870–876. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2018.01.012. PMID 29395502. S2CID 2397739.
  31. ^ D'Andrea D, Shariat SF, Soria F (November 2018). "Re: Docetaxel Versus Surveillance After Radical Prostatectomy for High-risk Prostate Cancer: Results from the Prospective Randomised, Open-label Phase 3 Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group 12 Trial". Eur Urol. 74 (5): 680–681. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2018.07.022. PMID 30072209. S2CID 51906145.
  32. ^ Lehtonen M, Sormunen J, Hjälm-Eriksson M, Thellenberg-Karlsson C, Huttunen T, Ginman C, Kellokumpu-Lehtinen PL (January 2022). "Health-related Quality of Life in Intermediate- or High-risk Patients Treated With Radical External Radiotherapy and Adjuvant Docetaxel for Localized Prostate Cancer: A Randomized, Phase III SPCG-13 Study". Anticancer Res. 42 (1): 87–92. doi:10.21873/anticanres.15460. PMID 34969712. S2CID 245568841.
  33. ^ Shiota M, Yokomizo A, Eto M (2015). "Taxane Chemotherapy for Hormone-Naïve Prostate Cancer with Its Expanding Role as Breakthrough Strategy". Front Oncol. 5: 304. doi:10.3389/fonc.2015.00304. PMC 4707543. PMID 26793621.
  34. ^ Stranne J, Brasso K, Brennhovd B, Johansson E, Jäderling F, Kouri M, Lilleby W, Meidahl Petersen P, Mirtti T, Pettersson A, Rannikko A, Thellenberg C, Akre O (2018). "SPCG-15: a prospective randomized study comparing primary radical prostatectomy and primary radiotherapy plus androgen deprivation therapy for locally advanced prostate cancer". Scand J Urol. 52 (5–6): 313–320. doi:10.1080/21681805.2018.1520295. PMID 30585526. S2CID 58659462.
  35. ^ See WA, McLeod D, Iversen P, Wirth M (March 2001). "The bicalutamide Early Prostate Cancer Program. Demography". Urol Oncol. 6 (2): 43–47. doi:10.1016/s1078-1439(00)00118-6. PMID 11166619.
  36. ^ Iversen P (June 1997). "Combined androgen blockade in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer--an overview. The Scandinavian Prostatic Cancer Group". Scand J Urol Nephrol. 31 (3): 249–54. doi:10.3109/00365599709070342. PMID 9249887.
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