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Sakya Trizin

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The 41st Sakya Trizin,
Sakya Trizin Ngawang Kunga

Sakya Trizin (Tibetan: ས་སྐྱ་ཁྲི་འཛིན།, Wylie: sa skya khri 'dzin "Sakya Throne-Holder") is the traditional title of the head of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism.[1]

The Sakya school was founded in 1073 CE,[2] when Khön Könchog Gyalpo (Tibetan: འཁོན་དཀོན་མཆོག་རྒྱལ་པོ།, Wylie: 'khon dkon mchog rgyal po; 1034–1102), a member of Tibet's noble Khön family, established a monastery in the region of Sakya, Tibet, which became the headquarters of the Sakya order.[3] Since that time, its leadership has descended within the Khön family.

The 41st Sakya Trizin, whose reign spanned more than fifty years, was the longest reigning Sakya Trizin.[4] The current Sakya Trizin is Gyana Vajra Rinpoche, officially known as Kyabgon Gongma Trizin Rinpoche,[5] the 43rd Sakya Trizin Gyana Vajra Rinpoche.

Origin of Khön

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Lharig, the divine generation

According to legend Ciring descended from the Rupadhatu (Realm of Clear Light) to earth.
  • Ciring
  • Yuse
  • Yuring
  • Masang Cije
  • Togsa Pawo Tag
  • Tagpo Ochen
  • Yapang Kye

Khön family, the royal generation Because previous generations subjugated the rakshasas (demons), the family became the Family of Conquerors (Wylie: khon gyi dung, shortened to Khön)[6] and therefore a royal family.

  • Khön Bar Kye
  • Khön Jekundag, minister of Trisong Detsen, student of Padmasambhava
  • Khön Lu'i Wangpo Srungwa
  • Khön Dorje Rinchen
  • Khön Sherab Yontan
  • Khön Yontan Jungne
  • Khön Tsugtor Sherab
  • Khön Gekyab
  • Khön Getong
  • Khön Balpo
  • Khön Shakya Lodro
  • Sherab Tsultrim

Sakya Trizin lineage

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Sakya lineage, generations as Buddhist teachers.[7]

Khon Konchog Gyalpo founded the monastery in Sakya in 1073, and therefore the lineage was renamed Sakya.[8]
Name Biographical data Tenure Tibetan name
1. Khon Konchog Gyalpo 1034–1102 1073–1102 Tibetan: འཁོན་དཀོན་མཆོག་རྒྱལ་པོ།, Wylie: khon dkon mchog rgyal po
2. Rinchen Drag 1040–1111 1103–1110 Tibetan: བ་རི་ལོ་ཙ་བ་རིན་ཆེན་གྲགས།, Wylie: ba ri lo tsa ba rin chen grags
3. Sachen Kunga Nyingpo 1092–1158 1111–1158 Tibetan: ས་ཆེན་ཀུན་དགའ་སྙིང་པོ།, Wylie: sa chen kun dga’ snying po
4. Sonam Tsemo 1142–1182 1159–1171 Tibetan: བསོད་ནམས་རྩེ་མོ།, Wylie: bsod nams rtse mo
5. Dragpa Gyaltsen 1147–1216 1172–1215 Tibetan: རྗེ་བཙུན་རིན་པོ་ཆེ།, Wylie: grags pa rgyal mtshan
6. Sakya Pandita 1182–1251 1216–1243 Tibetan: ས་སྐྱ་པཎྜི་ཏ་ཀུན་དགའ་རྒྱལ་མཚན།, Wylie: sa skya pandi ta kun dga’ rgyal mtshan
6a. regent of Sakya Pandita 1243–1264 Tibetan: ས་སྐྱ་པཎྜི་ཏ་ཀུན་དགའ་རྒྱལ་མཚན།, Wylie: sa skya pandi ta kun dga’ rgyal mtshan
7. Drogön Chögyal Phagpa 1235–1280 1265–1266
1276–1280		 Tibetan: ཆོས་རྒྱལ་འཕགས་པ་བློ་གྲོས་རྒྱལ་མཚན།, Wylie: chos rgyal 'phags pa blo gros rgyal mtshan
8. Rinchen Gyaltsen 1238–1279 1267–1275 Tibetan: རིན་ཆེན་རྒྱལ་མཚན།, Wylie: rin chen rgyal mtshan
7a. Drogön Chögyal Phagpa 2nd reign 1276–1280 Tibetan: ཆོས་རྒྱལ་འཕགས་པ་བློ་གྲོས་རྒྱལ་མཚན།, Wylie: chos rgyal 'phags pa blo gros rgyal mtshan
9. Dharmapala Rakshita[9] 1268–1287 1281–1287 Tibetan: དྷརྨ་པཱ་ལ་རཀཥི་ཏ།, Wylie: d+harma pA la rakaShi ta
10. Jamyang Rinchen Gyaltsen 1258–1306 1288–1297 Tibetan: ཤར་པ་འཇམ་དབྱངས་རིན་ཆེན་རྒྱལ་མཚན།, Wylie: shar pa 'jam dbyangs rin chen rgyal mtshan
11. Sangpo Pal 1262–1324 1298–1324 Tibetan: བཟང་པོ་དཔལ།, Wylie: bzang po dpal
12. Namkha Legpa Gyaltsen 1305–1343 ca. 1324–1342 Tibetan: ནམ་མཁའ་ལེགས་པའི་རྒྱལ་མཚན།, Wylie: nam mkha' legs pa'i rgyal mtshan
13. Jamyang Donyö Gyaltsen 1310–1344 ca. 1342-1344 Tibetan: འཇམ་དབྱངས་དོན་ཡོད་རྒྱལ་མཚན།, Wylie: 'jam dbyangs don yod rgyal mtshan
14. Lama Dampa Sönam Gyaltsen 1312–1375 1344–1347 Tibetan: བླ་མ་དམ་པ་བསོད་ནམས་རྒྱལ་མཚན།, Wylie: bla ma dam pa bsod nams rgyal mtshan
15. Tawen Lodrö Gyaltsen 1332–1364 1347–1364 Tibetan: ཏ་དབེན་བློ་གྲོས་རྒྱལ་མཚན།, Wylie: ta dben blo gros rgyal mtshan
16. Tawen Kunga Rinchen 1339–1399 ca. 1364-1399 Tibetan: ཏ་དབེན་ཀུན་དགའ་རིན་ཆེན།, Wylie: ta dben kun dga' rin chen
17. Lopön Chenpo Gushri Lodrö Gyaltsen 1366–1420 1399–1420 Wylie: slob dpon chen po gu shri blo gros rgyal mtshan
18. Jamyang Namkha Gyaltsen 1398–1472 1421–1441 Wylie: 'jam dbyangs nam mkha' rgyal mtshan
19. Kunga Wangchuk 1418–1462 1442–1462 Wylie: kun dga' dbang phyug
20. Gyagar Sherab Gyaltsen 1436–1494 1463–1472 Wylie: rgya gar ba shes rab rgyal mtshan
21. Dagchen Lodrö Gyaltsen 1444–1495 1473–1495 Wylie: bdag chen blo gros rgyal mtshan
22. Kunga Sönam 1485–1533 1496–1533 Wylie: sa skya lo tsa ba kun dga' bsod nams
23. Ngagchang Kunga Rinchen 1517–1584 1534–1584 Wylie: sngags 'chang kun 'dga rin chen
24. Jamyang Sönam Sangpo 1519–1621 1584–1589 Wylie: 'jam dbyangs bsod nams bzang po
25. Dragpa Lodrö 1563–1617 1589–1617 Wylie: grags pa blo gros
26. Ngawang Kunga Wangyal 1592–1620 1618–1620 Wylie: ngag dbang kun dga' dbang rgyal
27. Ngawang Kunga Sönam 1597–1659 1620–1659 Wylie: ngag dbang kun dga' bsod nams
28. Ngawang Sönam Wangchuk 1638–1685 1659–1685 Wylie: ngag dbang bsod nams dbang phyug
29. Ngawang Kunga Tashi 1656–1711 1685–1711 Wylie: ngag dbang kun dga' bkra shis
30. Sönam Rinchen 1705–1741 1711–1741 Wylie: bsod nams rin chen
31. Kunga Lodrö 1729–1783 1741–1783 Wylie: kun dga' blo gros
32. Wangdu Nyingpo 1763–1809 1783–1806 Wylie: dbang sdud snying po
33. Pema Dudul Wangchuk 1792–1853 1806–1843 Wylie: pad ma bdud 'dul dbang phyug
34. Dorje Rinchen 1819–1867 1843–1845 Wylie: rdo rje rin chen
35. Tashi Rinchen 1824–1865 1846–1865 Wylie: bkra shis rin chen
36. Kunga Sönam 1842–1882 1866–1882 Wylie: kun dga' bsod nams
37. Kunga Nyingpo 1850–1899 1883–1899 Wylie: kun dga' snying po
38. Dzamling Chegu Wangdu 1855–1919 1901–1915 Wylie: 'dzam gling che rgu dbang 'dud
39. Dragshul Trinle Rinchen 1871–1936 1915–1936 Tibetan: དྲག་ཤུལ་འཕྲིན་ལས་རིན་ཆེན།, Wylie: drag shul 'phrin las rin chen, ZYPY: Chagxü Chinlä Rinqên
40. Ngawang Thutob Wangdrag 1900–1950 1937–1950 Tibetan: ངག་དབང་མཐུ་སྟོབས་དབང་དྲག, Wylie: ngag dbang mthu stobs dbang drag
41. Ngawang Kunga Tegchen Palbar *see Sakya Trizin Ngawang Kunga * 1945 1951–2017 Tibetan: ངག་དབང་ཀུན་དགའ་ཐེག་ཆེན་དཔལ་འབར་འཕྲིན་ལས་བསམ་འཕེལ་དབང་གྱི་རྒྱལ་པོ།, Wylie: ngag dbang kun dga' theg chen dpal 'bar trin lé sam pel wang gyi gyel po
42. Ratna Vajra Rinpoche * 1974 2017–2022 Tibetan: ངག་དབང་ཀུན་དགའ་བློ་གྲོས་དབང་ཕྱུག་རིན་ཆེན་འཇིགས་མེད་འཕྲིན་ལས།, Wylie: nNgag dBang Kun dGa' Blo Gros Rin Chen 'Jigs Med 'Phrin Las
43. Gyana Vajra Rinpoche 1979 2022–present Tibetan: ཀུན་དགའ་རིན་ཆེན་མཁྱེན་བརྩེ་རྡོ་རྗེ།, Wylie: Kun dGa' Rin Chen mKhyen brTse rDo rJe
The 42nd Sakya Trizin,
Ratna Vajra Rinpoche, The first to be enthroned under the new system
The 43rd Sakya Trizin,
Gyana Vajra Rinpoche

New succession system

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On 11 December 2014, a new throne holder succession system was announced during the 23rd Great Sakya Mönlam prayer festival on a resolution passed by the Dolma Phodrang and Phuntsok Phodrang, where members of both Phodrang will serve the role of Sakya Trizin in one three-year term, according to their seniority and qualification.[10][11]

Ratna Vajra Rinpoche was enthroned on 9 March 2017 as the 42nd Sakya Trizin, the first to be enthroned under the new system.[5] Due to the COVID Pandemic, the 43rd Sakya Trizin Gyana Vajra Rinpoche was enthroned on 16 March 2022, five years after the enthronement of the 42nd Sakya Trizin. He is the current throne holder of the Sakya school.

Footnotes

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  1. ^ Holy Biographies of the Great Founders of the Glorious Sakya Order, translated by Venerable Lama Kalsang Gyaltsen, Ani Kunga Chodron and Victoria Huckenpahler. Published by Sakya Phuntsok Ling Publications, Silver Spring MD. June 2000.
  2. ^ "Glimpses on History of Tibet".
  3. ^ The History of the Sakya Tradition, by Chogay Trichen. Manchester Free Press, U.K. 1983.
  4. ^ "His Holiness the Sakya Trizin: Current News ~ The Golden Jubilee and Monlam". Archived from the original on 10 March 2014.
  5. ^ a b "Kyabgon Gongma Trizin Rinpoche - Rigpa Wiki".
  6. ^ "The Sakya Tradition: Biography of His Holiness the 41st Sakya Trizin". Archived from the original on 24 May 2017. Retrieved 7 June 2017.
  7. ^ Drogmi Buddhist Institute, Throneholders of Sakya
  8. ^ "The Sakya lineage". Archived from the original on 14 September 2014.
  9. ^ A བ༹ཕྱོང་རྒྱས་པ།/琼结巴 or from ས་ཧོར།/萨护罗国/萨霍尔国. Son of 达玛惹扎, grandson of 夏扎布达,(ISBN 7800575462) or son of ཕྱག་ན་རྡོ་རྗེ།/恰那多吉? [1]
  10. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). www.hhthesakyatrizin.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 June 2015. Retrieved 14 January 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  11. ^ "Enthronement 2020".

References

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  • Penny-Dimri, Sandra. (1995). "The Lineage of His Holiness Sakya Trizin Ngawang Kunga." The Tibet Journal. Vol. XX, No. 4 Winter 1995, pp. 64–92. ISSN 0970-5368.
  • Trizin, Sakya. Parting from the Four Attachments. Shang Shung Publications, 1999.
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