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California State Route 47

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"CA 47" redirects here. For the congressional district, see California's 47th congressional district.
State Route 47 marker
State Route 47
Map
SR 47 highlighted in red
Route information
Maintained by Caltrans and local gov'ts
Length3.078 mi[1] (4.954 km)
(two sections, separated by about 1 mi (2 km), with about 7 mi (11 km) of local street north of SR 103)
HistoryState highway, 1949-1959; SR 47 in 1964
Major junctions
South end I-110 in San Pedro
Major intersections
North end SR 91 in Compton
Location
CountryUnited States
StateCalifornia
CountiesLos Angeles
Highway system
← SR 46→ US 48

State Route 47 (SR 47) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California, connecting Terminal Island to the mainland in the Los Angeles area. From its south end at I-110 in San Pedro, it heads east across the Vincent Thomas Bridge to the island and the end of state maintenance. The state highway begins again at the junction with I-710 on Terminal Island, crossing the Schuyler Heim Bridge north to the mainland and the second terminus, where SR 103 begins. Signage continues along a locally maintained route, mainly Alameda Street, to the Gardena Freeway (SR 91) in Compton, and an unconstructed alignment follows the same corridor to the Santa Monica Freeway (I-10) near downtown Los Angeles.

Route description

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State Route 47 begins at the south end of the Harbor Freeway (I-110) in the Los Angeles neighborhood of San Pedro and heads east to the Vincent Thomas Bridge, with only one interchange — at Harbor Boulevard — before the 1963 suspension bridge over the main channel of Los Angeles Harbor. After coming back to ground level on Terminal Island, SR 47 becomes the locally maintained Seaside Avenue at the interchange with Ferry Street, where there was a toll plaza until 2000. The freeway ends just beyond at Navy Way, after which the road enters Long Beach and becomes Ocean Boulevard, which was rebuilt as a freeway in 2007. However, SR 47 must exit the freeway onto its frontage roads, intersecting Henry Ford Avenue before turning north onto the Terminal Island Freeway. Ocean Boulevard leads east over the Gerald Desmond Bridge and becomes Interstate 710, with access to downtown Long Beach.[2]

State maintenance begins again on the Terminal Island Freeway, which is also signed as State Route 103.[3] After a partial interchange with New Dock Street, only allowing access to and from the north, SR 47 crosses the Cerritos Channel on the Schuyler Heim Bridge, a lift bridge opened in 1948. Just beyond the bridge, SR 47 leaves the freeway, which continues northeast as SR 103, onto Henry Ford Avenue, and state maintenance ends. The remainder of what is signed as SR 47,[3] along Henry Ford Avenue and Alameda Street to the Gardena Freeway (SR 91), is locally maintained. Henry Ford Avenue quickly crosses the Dominguez Channel and Anaheim Street, and merges with Alameda Street, which continues southwest into Wilmington as a local street.[2]

The entire route is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System,[4] and is part of the National Highway System,[5] a network of highways that are considered essential to the country's economy, defense, and mobility by the Federal Highway Administration.[6] The western portion is officially known as part of the Seaside Freeway, which continues to SR 1 via I-710.[7][8] However, there are several at-grade intersections along the gap on Terminal Island, and Alameda Street is a surface roadway, albeit one with few intersections, as it runs alongside the Alameda Corridor rail line.[2]

Alameda Street

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Main article: Alameda Street

The part of Alameda Street rebuilt during the Alameda Corridor project begins here, and the roadway passes under all cross streets - Pacific Coast Highway (SR 1), Sepulveda Boulevard, 223rd Street (at the San Diego Freeway/I-405 interchange), Carson Street, Del Amo Boulevard, and Artesia Boulevard (at the Gardena Freeway/SR 91 interchange) - with two-way connector ramps. The one major at-grade intersection here is the split with Santa Fe Avenue north of Del Amo Boulevard, just south of the underpass where Alameda Street moves from the east to the west side of the rail line. (Before the corridor was built, the crossover was further south, at Dominguez Street, halfway between Carson Street and Del Amo Boulevard.)[2]

The Vincent Thomas Bridge

North of Artesia Boulevard, the rail line descends into the 10-mile (16 km) Mid-Corridor Trench, with two streets straddling it at ground level: Alameda Street to the west and a local frontage road to the east. All cross streets are thus grade-separated from the rail line while intersecting the streets at grade, except for Rosecrans Avenue, which bridges over all three. Crossings along this segment include the Century Freeway (I-105, no access), Imperial Highway, Firestone Boulevard (former SR 42), and Slauson Avenue. Just south of 25th Street, the rail line curves northeast out of the trench, and the two roadways join to become a single Alameda Street, which soon interchanges with the Santa Monica Freeway (I-10), at the north end of what is legislated as Route 47. The street continues north through the east side of downtown Los Angeles, crossing the Santa Ana Freeway (US 101) just west of Union Station, and ending soon after at Elmyra Street, where it becomes Spring Street.[2]

History

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The Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors decided in mid-1916, at the urging of the Harbor Truck Highway Association (formed mid-1914),[9] to build a Harbor Truck Boulevard stretching about 10 miles (16 km) between Los Angeles and Compton, intended to be used by trucks to the Port of Los Angeles at San Pedro.[10] After that portion was completed, an extension to Wilmington was opened on February 2, 1924, resulting in a completely independent truck route to the port.[11] This roadway, which lay about halfway between Wilmington Avenue and Long Beach Boulevard, extended the existing Alameda Street, which ran along—to Slauson Avenue—and then west of the Southern Pacific Railroad's San Pedro Branch to Oris Street, the north limit of Compton.[12] The truck boulevard continued along the west side to Dominguez Street (lying between the SP's San Pedro Branch and Pacific Electric Railway's Dominguez Line beyond Dominguez Junction), and crossed there to the east side for the rest of the route to Anaheim Street in Wilmington. There trucks could turn east and south to Terminal Island via Henry Ford Avenue, or continue southwest through Wilmington to San Pedro. The highway soon came to be known as Alameda Street all the way to Wilmington.[13] It did not become a state highway; instead the state took over Figueroa Street (SR 11) to the west and Atlantic Avenue (SR 15) to the east.[14]

Plans for freeways in Los Angeles County evolved from a 1937 Automobile Club of Southern California plan,[15] which was modified by the city's Transportation Engineering Board (TEB) in 1939.[16] The former included a single freeway connecting Los Angeles to Long Beach, beginning at Pasadena and heading south-southwest to Lynwood, then paralleling Long Beach Boulevard to Long Beach. The TEB's plan shifted this route farther east to near the present Long Beach Freeway, while keeping the route near Long Beach Boulevard as a second freeway leaving the Ramona Parkway (San Bernardino Freeway) east of downtown and heading south near Alameda Street and Long Beach Boulevard to Long Beach. This second freeway came to be known as the Long Beach Parkway[17] or Alamitos Parkway, and connected in north Long Beach with a Terminal Island Freeway southwest to Terminal Island.[18] Because the Long Beach Naval Shipyard was located on the island, the U.S. Navy paid for the construction of the $14 million freeway from the island to Willow Street, including the $5.3 million Schuyler Heim Lift Bridge.[19] Construction began in early 1946,[20] and the completed link was dedicated on January 10, 1948,[21] replacing the older Henry Ford Bridge.

Early plans also included a north–south freeway on each side of the Los Angeles Central Business District, splitting at the merge of the Harbor Parkway (Harbor Freeway) and Venice Parkway northeast of the University of Southern California, and rejoining at the split between the Arroyo Seco Parkway (Pasadena Freeway) and Riverside Parkway south of Dodger Stadium.[16] Initially known as the East By-Pass and West By-Pass,[22] the latter later became part of the Harbor Parkway, while the former remained as a separate route roughly along Main Street.[18] The state legislature added the East By-Pass to the state highway system in 1947 as Route 222.[23] The Los Angeles City Planning Commission approved a revised master plan in mid-1955, based on various studied that had been made. A new Industrial Freeway replaced the Terminal Island Freeway and Alamitos Parkway between Terminal Island and downtown Los Angeles, where it then continued north along the former East By-Pass (which was not kept south of the Santa Monica Freeway) and the southern part of the Riverside Parkway to the interchange of the Glendale Freeway and Golden State Freeway (which had replaced the rest of the Riverside Parkway).[24][25] The Industrial Freeway south of the Santa Monica Freeway became Route 270 in 1959,[26] but the ex-Riverside Parkway piece north of the Arroyo Seco Parkway never became a state highway.[27]

In the 1964 renumbering, the Industrial Freeway became Route 47, and the former East By-Pass became Route 241.[28] The latter was deleted the next year, and the former was extended west from its south end on Terminal Island to San Pedro, replacing part of SR 7, which was truncated to SR 1 in Long Beach at the same time.[29] (I-710, which later replaced SR 7, has since been re-extended to SR 47 on Terminal Island.) This extension, which had been added to the state highway system in 1949 as part of Route 231,[30] included the 1963 Vincent Thomas Bridge.[31] Construction on the $5.8 million freeway link from that bridge west to the Harbor Freeway in San Pedro—officially the Seaside Freeway, but called an extension of the Harbor Freeway by the media—began in March 1968,[32] and it was dedicated on July 9, 1970.[33][34][35] The two parts of SR 47 were, and still are, connected by the Los Angeles-maintained Seaside Avenue and Long Beach-maintained Ocean Boulevard. (A freeway upgrade of the latter was completed in June 2007,[36] but traffic signals remain on the former and on the ramps connecting Ocean Boulevard with the Terminal Island Freeway.)

Early maps show that the Terminal Island Freeway was to extend north to the Long Beach Freeway (I-710) near the San Diego Freeway (I-405),[37][38] but the location for SR 47 adopted by the California Highway Commission on January 22, 1969 led northwest from the Terminal Island Freeway's end at Carson Street to I-405 near Alameda Street, and then paralleled that street into Los Angeles.[39][40] A 1982 state law specified that SR 47 shall use Henry Ford Avenue and Alameda Street between the Heim Bridge and the Redondo Beach Freeway (SR 91), rather than the adopted alignment to the east,[41] and in 1984 the legislature created State Route 103 to replace the former alignment on the Terminal Island Freeway between SR 47 and the Pacific Coast Highway (SR 1).[42] Due to the cancellation of the Industrial Freeway and planned port expansions, the Alameda Corridor project was created, including an improved rail line and a widening of Alameda Street from four to six lanes south of SR 91.[43][44] Alameda Street was rebuilt for the project, with grade separations at most major streets south of SR 91, and is now signed as part of SR 47 there, but remains mostly four lanes. As part of a project to replace the Heim Bridge, Caltrans and the Alameda Corridor Transportation Authority plan to improve the connection near the south end of Alameda Street, possibly by building a new expressway replacement for SR 47 south of SR 1, or by extending SR 103 northwest via the originally-planned alignment to Alameda Street south of I-405.[45]

Major intersections

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Except where prefixed with a letter, postmiles were measured on the road as it was in 1964, based on the alignment that existed at the time, and do not necessarily reflect current mileage. R reflects a realignment in the route since then, M indicates a second realignment, L refers to an overlap due to a correction or change, and T indicates postmiles classified as temporary (for a full list of prefixes, see California postmile § Official postmile definitions).[1] Segments that remain unconstructed or have been relinquished to local control may be omitted. The entire route is in Los Angeles County.

LocationPostmile
[1][46][47]		Exit
[48]		DestinationsNotes
San Pedro, Los AngelesR0.001AGaffey StreetSouthbound left exit; southern end of SR 47; northbound entrances accessible from Miraflores Avenue and the I-110 north on-ramp
1B
 I-110 north (Harbor Freeway) – Los Angeles		I-110 south exit 1A
R0.43
0.72		1CHarbor BoulevardSigned as exit 1A northbound
Los Angeles Harbor Main Channel0.86Vincent Thomas Bridge
Wilmington, Los Angeles2.301BFerry StreetNorthbound exit and entrance
​Northern end of freeway and state maintenance at the site of the former toll plaza
​Ferry StreetSouthbound exit and entrance
​Navy WayAt-grade intersection
​Berths 301–305 (Terminal Way) / Berths 401–406 (Navy Way)Southbound exit only
Long Beach3.50
 I-710 north / Pier T (Avenue) – Piers B-J, Downtown Long Beach		Interchange
​Southern end of freeway and state maintenance
3.584New Dock Street – Pier SSouthbound exit and northbound entrance
Long Beach–Los Angeles line3.88Schuyler Heim Bridge over Cerritos Channel
Wilmington, Los Angeles4.57
 SR 103 north (Terminal Island Freeway) / Willow Street		Northbound left exit and southbound left entrance
​Northern end of freeway and state maintenance
​ SR 1 (Pacific Coast Highway)Interchange
Carson​Sepulveda BoulevardInterchange
​223rd StreetInterchange
​
 I-405 north (San Diego Freeway) – Santa Monica		Interchange; former SR 7; I-405 exit 33A
​Carson StreetInterchange
​Del Amo BoulevardInterchange
Compton​
 SR 91 east (Gardena Freeway) – Long Beach		Interchange; SR 91 east exit 10B, west exit 10
​

 Artesia Boulevard to SR 91 west (Gardena Freeway) – Redondo Beach		Interchange; north end of SR 47
​Alameda StreetContinuation beyond SR 91
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c California Department of Transportation. "State Truck Route List". Sacramento: California Department of Transportation. Archived from the original (XLS file) on September 5, 2015. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
  2. ^ a b c d e Google Maps street maps and USGS topographic maps, accessed January 2008 via ACME Mapper and TopoZone
  3. ^ a b Photographs of SR 47 northbound, taken May 30, 2004, from California @ AARoads - California 47
  4. ^ "Article 2 of Chapter 2 of Division 1". California Streets and Highways Code. Sacramento: California Office of Legislative Counsel. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
  5. ^ Federal Highway Administration (March 25, 2015). National Highway System: Los Angeles, CA (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved October 14, 2017.
  6. ^ Natzke, Stefan; Neathery, Mike & Adderly, Kevin (June 20, 2012). "What is the National Highway System?". National Highway System. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved July 1, 2012.
  7. ^ California State Assembly. "Relating to the Seaside Freeway". 1959 Session of the Legislature. Statutes of California (House Resolution). State of California. Ch. 144 p. 3502.: "That the California Highway Commission is requested to declare the added portion of Route 167 which will connect the Harbor Freeway and the Long Beach Freeway to be a freeway, to be known as the Seaside Freeway..."
  8. ^ California Department of Transportation; California State Transportation Agency (January 2021). 2020 Named Freeways, Highways, Structures and Other Appurtenances in California (PDF). Sacramento: California Department of Transportation. pp. 37, 340. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 10, 2022.
  9. ^ Los Angeles Times, Harbor Truck Highway Association is Formed, July 4, 1917, p. II7
  10. ^ American Road Builders' Association, Good Roads, Harbor Truck Boulevard to be Built by Los Angeles County, California, June 24, 1916
  11. ^ Los Angeles Times, Truck Boulevard Opened, February 5, 1924, p. A1
  12. ^ United States Geological Survey, Pasadena (1900) and Downey (1902), scale 1:62500
  13. ^ United States Geological Survey, Los Angeles (1928), Watts (1924 and 1937), Compton (1924 and 1930), and Wilmington (1925), scale 1:24000 Archived 2007-12-21 at the Wayback Machine
  14. ^ Division of Highways, Los Angeles and Vicinity, 1944
  15. ^ Automobile Club of Southern California, map from Traffic Survey, Los Angeles Metropolitan Area, 1937, reproduced in Janet L. Abu-Lughod, New York, Chicago, Los Angeles: America's Global Cities, 1999, p. 256
  16. ^ a b Transportation Engineering Board, map from A Transit Program for the Los Angeles Metropolitan Region, 1939, reproduced in Gerrylynn K. Roberts, Philip Steadman, American Cities and Technology: Wilderness to Wired City, 1999, p. 79
  17. ^ Long Beach Independent, City Served by Three Freeways Urged for Postwar Period by Planning Group, July 9, 1943
  18. ^ a b Los Angeles County Regional Planning District, Master Plan of Metropolitan Los Angeles Freeways, adopted August 6, 1947
  19. ^ Los Angeles Times, Harbor Bridge Project Reinstated by Navy, December 18, 1945, p. A1
  20. ^ Los Angeles Times, Terminal Island Bridge Under Way, January 28, 1946, p. 3
  21. ^ Los Angeles Times, High Lift Bridge Dedicated at Terminal Island, January 11, 1948, p. 14
  22. ^ Andrew Hamilton, The New York Times, Los Angeles Roads Plan, February 25, 1940, p. 128
  23. ^ California State Assembly. "An act to provide for a system of public streets and highways..." Fifty-seventh Session of the Legislature, 1st extraordinary session. Statutes of California. State of California. Ch. 11 p. 3798.: "Route 222 is from Route 165 [I-110] near Adams Street to Route 205 [SR 110] near Elysian Park in Los Angeles"
  24. ^ Los Angeles City Planning Commission, Accomplishments, 1955, p. 6
  25. ^ Metropolitan Transportation Engineering Board, Master Plan of Freeways and Expressways, adopted February 28, 1958
  26. ^ California State Assembly. "An act to amend Sections 306, 320, 332, 351, 362, 365, 369, 374, 382, 388, 397, 407, 408, 409, 410, 415, 422, 435, 440, 446, 453, 456, 460, 467, 470, 476, 487, 492, 493, 494, 506, 521, 528, and 529..." 1959 Session of the Legislature. Statutes of California. State of California. Ch. 1062 p. 3120.: "Route 270 is from Terminal Island to Route 173 [I-10]."
  27. ^ Division of Highways, Los Angeles and Vicinity, 1963
  28. ^ California State Assembly. "An act to add Section 253 and Article 3 (commencing with Section 300) to Chapter 2 of Division 1 of, and to repeal Section 253 and Article 3 (commencing with Section 300) of Chapter 2 of Division 1 of, the..." 1963 Session of the Legislature. Statutes of California. State of California. Ch. 385 p. 1175, 1187.: "Route 47 is from Route 7 at Terminal Island to Route 10." "Route 241 is from Route 11 near Adams Street to Route 11 near Elysian Park in Los Angeles."
  29. ^ California State Assembly. "An act to amend Sections 253, 307, 317, 322, 334, 342, 347, 349, 361, 363, 372, 373, 374, 379, 384, 390, 407, 408, 443, 455, 470, 486, 514, 517, 548, and 550 of, to add Sections 556, 557, 558, 560..." 1965 Session of the Legislature. Statutes of California. State of California. Ch. 1372 p. 3273, 3276.: "Route 7 is from Route 1 to Route 210 in Pasadena." "Route 47 is from Route 11 in San Pedro to Route 10 via the Vincent Thomas Bridge."
  30. ^ California State Assembly. "An act to add Section 544 to the Streets and Highways Code, relating to state highway routes". 1949 Session of the Legislature. Statutes of California. State of California. Ch. 1261 p. 2215.: "Route 231 is...from Route 165 [I-110] in San Pedro to Route 167 [I-710] in Long Beach, via the mainland portion of Long Beach Outer Harbor and Terminal Island..."
  31. ^ Los Angeles Times, Vincent Thomas Bridge to Be Dedicated Saturday, September 27, 1963, p. C7
  32. ^ Los Angeles Times, Governor to Speak at Bridge Link Ceremony, March 3, 1968, p. 1
  33. ^ Lee Bastajian, Los Angeles Times, Vincent Thomas Bridge Link Scheduled to Open in July, May 31, 1970, p. CS1
  34. ^ Long Beach Independent, Dedication Set on Freeway Link to Bridge, July 8, 1970
  35. ^ Valley News (Van Nuys), Harbor Freeway Extension to Be Dedicated Today, July 9, 1970
  36. ^ Port of Long Beach, Port Dedicates New $65-million Ocean Boulevard Roadway, June 25, 2007
  37. ^ Rand McNally & Company, Los Angeles and Vicinity, 1959
  38. ^ Rand McNally Auto Road Atlas: United States, Canada, Mexico, 1963
  39. ^ Long Beach Press-Telegram, August 5, 1969, p. 1
  40. ^ Long Beach Press-Telegram, Public Notice of Route Location Approval by Bureau of Public Roads, June 1, 1970
  41. ^ California State Assembly. "An act to add sections 307.1 and 347.1 to the Streets and Highways Code, relating to state highways". 1981–1982 Session of the Legislature. Statutes of California. State of California. Ch. 914 p. 3351.
  42. ^ California State Assembly. "An act...relating to state highways". 1983–1984 Session of the Legislature. Statutes of California. State of California. Ch. 409 p. 1773.
  43. ^ George Stein, Los Angeles Times, Price of Progress: Expansion of Ports, Boon to Greater L.A., May Be Burden Along Alameda St., October 12, 1986, p. 1
  44. ^ Sheryl Stolberg, Los Angeles Times, Harbor Plan Brings New Wilmington a Little Closer, December 25, 1988, p. 6
  45. ^ Alameda Corridor Transportation Authority, Planning—SR-47 Port Access Expressway, accessed March 11, 2009
  46. ^ California Department of Transportation (July 2007). "Log of Bridges on State Highways". Sacramento: California Department of Transportation.
  47. ^ California Department of Transportation, All Traffic Volumes on CSHS Archived July 21, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, 2006
  48. ^ California Department of Transportation, California Numbered Exit Uniform System, State Route 47 Freeway Interchanges, Retrieved on 2009-02-05.
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