Jump to content

Rock Steady Crew

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Rock Steady Crew
OriginThe Bronx New York, Manhattan New York, U.S.
Genres
Occupation(s)breaking, bboying, bgirling, graffiti artists, turntablists, popping, boogaloo, uprocking, rappers, singers, DJs, battle rap, freestyle rap, hiphop culture
Instrument(s)vocals, turntables,
DiscographyRock Steady Crew Discogs
Years active
  • 1977 – present
Labels
Members
  • Current President
  • Manhatten OG Founder
  • (Richard Colón)
  • (aka Lil Crazy Legs)
  • 1977–1984
  • 1984–present
  • (US)
  • Current Sr. VP
  • (Anthony De Naro)
  • (aka Tony Y-Not)
  • 1991–present
  • Texas (US)
  • Feenx
  • Current Jr. VP
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • OG Bronx Co-founder
  • (Santiago Torres)
  • (aka Joe-Joe)
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • B-Boy Fresh
  • Manhattan OG Founder
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • fmr. Sr. VP[21]
  • 1991–present
  • (Jorge Pabon)
  • (US)
  • 1991–present
  • (Anthony Quiles)
  • (US)
  • Rama Stunt
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Ray Roll
  • (Ray Cortez)
  • (aka R. Roll, Roll)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • (Shane Bunting)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Mari
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • (Masami Kimihara)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Mega
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • (Richard Quitevis)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • (Frederick Crute)
  • (US)
  • Joe Fowler
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • DJ Presto One
  • (Murray McMurray)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • (Lee Potter)
  • (UK)
  • (Robert Garcia)
  • (aka Bobbito)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
(Jerome Aparis)
  • 1991–present
  • Seattle (US)
  • (Rozell Manely Brown)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • (Ewart Dewgrade)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • (Joseph Anthony Hernandez)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • (US)
  • KaoticBlaze
  • (Margie Nuñez)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • DJ JS-1
  • (aka JERMZ)
  • 2002–present
  • 1991–1997
  • Queens (US)
  • (Steven Daniells-Silva)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • D.J.P
  • (Danny McMillan)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • (Hernando Molina)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Easy Roc
  • (Jason Geoffrey)
  • (US)
  • Flo Master Fields MC[51]
  • (Jerry Randolph)
  • (aka Flo Master, Flo, L.A, Legs Almighty)
  • 1991– present
  • (US)
  • Dizlam
  • (Isaiah Shaw)
  • 1991– present
  • (US)
  • Renegade
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Richie Rieotch
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Rock Steady Straus
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Nathan Cade
  • (female mc)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • (Marc Lemberger)
  • 1977–present
  • (US)
  • (US)
  • (Ereina Valencia)
  • 1991–present
  • Atlanta (US)
  • (Jeffrey Green)
  • (aka Devious Doze, Doze Green)
  • 1991–present
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Rama Pratama
  • 1991–present
  • Malang (Indonesia)
  • Bboy BailRok
  • (Bailey Muñoz)
  • 1991–present
  • Las Vegas (US)
  • Armani
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Abramz
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Floor Rock
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • 2022–present
  • (US)
  • Club
  • (Lord TomTom Gaskin)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • ATS
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Case One
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Muter
  • 1991–present
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Quiet Riot
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • DJ Charlie Rock
  • (Charlie Jimenez)
  • (aka C Rock, Rock, da diesel)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • DJ Eclipse
  • (Eric Winn)
  • 1991–present
  • Queens (US)
  • DJ DV One
  • (Toby Campbell)(aka Toby Fresh)
  • 1991–present
  • Seattle (US)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Skeme Richards
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Joe Conzo Jr.
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • DStroy
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Rich Medin
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Leva57
  • (Carmen Claudia Sorbara)
  • 1991–present
  • (Worldwide)
  • Sab
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Shadoe
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • YOUTEE
  • 1991–present
  • (Japan)
  • Unico
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Velcro
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Tony-Rome
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • Swoooshh
  • 1991–present
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Whopa
  • 1991–present
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • (inactive)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • (inactive)
  • 1991–
  • (US)
Past members
  • OG Bronx Founder
  • (Jamie White)(aka Price 32, Jimmy D)
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Jimmy Lee
  • OG Bronx Founder
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • China Doll
  • Fmr.VP RSC Girls
  • (Jessica Fuentes)
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • (Kenneth James Gabbert)
  • 1977–2012
  • (US)
  • (US)
  • (Luis Martinez)
  • (US)
  • Micro Mix
  • (Craig Hunter)
  • (US)
  • Easy Mike
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Big Balls
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • (Daisy Castro)
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Kippy Dee
  • (Sean Christopher Rucker)(aka Rasean)(Rip🪦 1967-1990)
  • 1979–1984
  • The Bronx(US)
  • P-Body 170th
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Robbie Rob
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Chrome
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Boo-Ble
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • True
  • (Rip🪦1967–2011)
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • (Wanda Candalerio)
  • (aka WandeePop)
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • (Ana Garcia-Dionisio)
  • (aka )
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Spider Chino
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • A1
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Normski
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Rip7
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Pauly
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Lime-5
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Rubberband
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • L-Mack
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Doctor Ace
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Slick Rick
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Popeye
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Trace 2
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Rim 180th
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Tito 183rd
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Toxic
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Ravi
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Me 2
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Green Eye Joe
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Braces
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • C.N.
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Les
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Angel Roc
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Bon 5
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Lenny Len
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Lucan Rock
  • (Rip🪦)
  • 1977–1986
  • (US)
  • (Rip🪦)
  • 1977–1984
  • (US)
  • Johnny J
  • 1979–1984
  • (US)
  • JB Fresh
  • 1979–1984
  • (US)
  • King Keith
  • 1979–1984
  • (US)
  • Fast Feet
  • (Inactive)
  • 1991–present
  • (US)
  • (Maurizio Cannavò)
  • 1991–
  • (US)
  • Tuf Tim Twist
  • (Bonita Lovett)
  • 1991–2021
  • Arizona (US)
  • EZMike
  • (Michael Zurflüh)
  • 2012–2020
  • (Switzerland)
  • Jazzy Jes
  • (Jessica Rieben)
  • 2012–2020
  • (Switzerland)

Rock Steady Crew is an American breaking and hip hop group which has become a franchise for multiple groups in other locations. The group's 1983 international hit song "(Hey You) The Rock Steady Crew" (from the group's first studio album Ready for Battle) peaked at No. 6 on the UK Singles Chart,[110] and reached the top 10 in many European countries. Members of Rock Steady Crew featured in the films Flashdance[111] and Beat Street, which ignited international interest in the b-boy subculture.[112]

History

[edit]

The 1977 original crew was called "Untouchable Four B.Boys". There were 4 members: Joe-Joe, Easy-Mike, Jimmy-Dee, and P.Body 170th.

The larger group known as Rock Steady Crew was initially formed in The Bronx, New York City in 1977 by b-boys Jimmy Dee and Jimmy Lee. The Manhattan branch was created by Crazy Legs and B-Boy Fresh in 1979. The New York Times called the Rock Steady Crew "the foremost breakdancing group in the world today."[113][failed verification]

Notable members

[edit]

Former members

[edit]

Early Music Dealings

[edit]

In the early part of the 1980s Rock Steady Crew's talent manager was Kool Lady Blue, also known as Ruza Blue, founder of Club Negril & Roxy NYC.[115][116]

If you claim to be hip-hop, you better pay attention! Please read the interview with Kool Lady Blue. Kool Lady Blue is my first manager, and she is also the first person to establish a hip-hop residency in the downtown scene. The names and places are legendary. The story of how this all came about should be mandatory reading for anyone who would like to learn about how hip-hop culture made it to the downtown scene and throughout the rest of the world..please share your thoughts on what you learn on this post. #hiphop #rocksteadycrew #davidbowie #hiphophistory #knowledge

Crazy Legs, current President, OG founder of the Manhattan branch of Rock Steady Crew

August 08, 2024[117]

Discography

[edit]

Albums

[edit]

Singles

[edit]
Year Song UK
[118]
Certifications
1983 "(Hey You) The Rock Steady Crew" 6
1984 "Uprock" 64
"She's Fresh"
2000 "Used to Wish I Could Break with Rock Steady"
"—" denotes releases that did not chart.

Appearances in feature films

[edit]

Awards and accolades

[edit]

In 1992, Gregory Hines was the 1st to stand & clap at the mention of Rock Steady Crew's “So, What Happens Now?" the musical, soon the audience at the Kennedy Center Honors joined him. President George Bush, Gregory Peck and the Nicholas Brothers were all in attendance.

Rock Steady Crew were the first B-boys to perform at Carnegie Hall on Jan 19, 2001.

Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg in 2003, proclaimed July 26 to be “Rock Steady Crew Day” in New York City during Rock Steady Crew's 26th Anniversary Celebration at Pier 54.

Crazy Legs signed a deal with Fila Sportswear in 2004, the first B-boy to get a sneaker company to honor their crew; Rock Steady Crew got its own sneaker - the "Rock Steady Crew 77".

Also in 2004 Mr. Freeze accepted the Rock Steady Crew's Key to the City of Las Vegas on February 21, and it was proclaimed that day to be “Rock Steady Crew Day” in Las Vegas. It happens annually every year.[120]

Rock Steady Crew was an honoree at the 2004 VH1 Hip Hop Honors Event.

In 2008 The Borough president of The Bronx presented Rock Steady Crew with a Citation of Merit.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Rose, Tricia (January 30, 2014). ""All Aboard the Night Train": Flow, Layering, and Rupture in Postindustrial New York". The Improvisation Studies Reader, pgs. 181–186, 2014 Taylor Francis Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  2. ^ Dance, EEH (May 30, 2022). "The Camera in the Cypher - Early Hip Hop Dance". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, pg. 32, 2022 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  3. ^ Perkins, William Eric (August 22, 1996). "Droppin'science: Critical essays on rap music and hip hop culture". Temple University Press, 1996 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  4. ^ Trahearn, Anthony R (June 13, 2023). "Commercial Dance: An Essential Guide". Taylor & Francis, pg.1979, 2023 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  5. ^ PETCHAUER & GARRISON, EMERY & ANTONIO (January 30, 2014). "6. FASHIONING SELF, BATTLING SOCIETY". See You at the Crossroads: Hip Hop Scholarship at the Intersections: Dialectical Harmony, Ethics, Aesthetics, and Panoply of Voices, p. 93, 2014 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  6. ^ Fogarty, Mary (May 30, 2022). "Make the Letters Dance". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, pg. 457, 2022 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  7. ^ Petchauer, Emery (May 30, 2022). "Through Sound and Space". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, pg. 188, 2022 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  8. ^ Petchauer & Garrison, Emery & Antonio (May 30, 2022). "Fashioning Self, Battling Society: Hip-Hop Graffiti Jackets as a Method of Positive Identity Development" (PDF). See You at the Crossroads: Hip Hop Scholarship at the Intersections, pgs. 93-110, 2014 Brill via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  9. ^ Roberts, Rosemarie A (May 30, 2021). "Baring unbearable sensualities: hip hop dance, bodies, race, and power". Wesleyan University Press, 2021 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  10. ^ Osborne, TL (April 30, 2015). "The Hip Hop Lectures (Volume 1)" (PDF). Dr. TL Osborne, 2015 Americans for the Arts via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  11. ^ PETERSON, James Braxton (September 23, 2016). "The Power of the Underground: Hip-Hop and African American Culture" (PDF). 立命館言語文化研究 28 (1), 2016 Ritsumeikan University via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  12. ^ Fitzgerald, Tamsin (February 13, 2009). "Hip-hop and Urban Dance". Heinemann-Raintree Library, 2009 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  13. ^ ST Nixon/Galbraith/Bindon, Wesley/Marysia/Jim (June 13, 2006). "Rocking the Beat: B-boysʼ and B-girlsʼ Reflections on Identity and the Cultural History of the Hip Hop Dance B-boying". Portland State University, 2006 via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  14. ^ Osberger, Jean (June 13, 2023). "Arts Administration as a Creative Practice: An Analysis of Two Leaders in Chicago's B-boy Scene" (PDF). School of the Art Institute of Chicago, 2021 via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  15. ^ Kong, Dehui (November 13, 2010). "Internet killed the B-boy star: A study of b-boying through the lens of contemporary media". Barnard College, 2010 Columbia University via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  16. ^ Manuel & Neely, Peter & Daniel (June 11, 2003). "The Reggae Scene: The Stars, the Fans, the Music". Enslow Publishing, LLC, pg. 29, 2009 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  17. ^ GROW, KORY (December 22, 2023). "A Hip-Hop Pioneer Was Left for Dead: 'I Thought It Was All Over'". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on August 10, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  18. ^ Chang, Jeff (January 22, 2006). "Total chaos: The art and aesthetics of hip-hop". Total chaos: The art and aesthetics of hip-hop Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  19. ^ Chang, Jeff (May 12, 2006). "Total chaos: The art and aesthetics of hip-hop". Civitas Books, 2006 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  20. ^ Park, MiRi (August 7, 2022). "Learn Your History". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, pgs.132-136, 2022 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  21. ^ Schloss, Joseph G (August 22, 2017). ""Like old folk songs handed down from generation to generation": History, canon, and community in B-Boy culture". From Soul to Hip Hop, pgs. 499-520, 2017 Taylor Francis via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  22. ^ Francis/Spears/Perlis/Kanamoto, Mary/Roshanda/Susan/Vanessa (January 22, 2020). "Hip-Hop". So You Think You Know Dance?, 2022 Pressbooks via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  23. ^ Park, MiRi (August 7, 2022). "Learn Your History". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, pg.131, 2022 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  24. ^ Roberts, Rosemarie A (August 7, 2022). "Living in the Tension". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, pg. 365, 2022 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  25. ^ Pond, Steven F (May 17, 2013). "" Chameleon" Meets" Soul Train": Herbie, James, Michael, Damita Jo, and Jazz-Funk". American Studies 52 (4), pgs. 125-140, 2013 University of Kansas via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  26. ^ Fogarty Woehrel, Mary (March 12, 2019). "On popular dance aesthetics: Why backup dancers matter to hip hop dance histories". Performance Matters VOL. 5 NO. 1: BACKSPACE: A SPECIAL ISSUE ON DANCE STUDIES, pgs. 116-131, 2019 Performance Matters via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  27. ^ Johnson, Imani Kai (August 12, 2018). "Battling in the Bronx: Social choreography and outlaw culture among early hip-hop streetdancers in New York City" (PDF). Dance Research Journal 50 (2), pgs. 62-75, 2018 Cambridge via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  28. ^ Park, MiRi (August 7, 2022). "Learn Your History". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, pg.132, 2022 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  29. ^ Park, MiRi (August 7, 2022). "Learn Your History". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, pgs.131-136, 138-139, 2022 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  30. ^ Daudi, Abe (January 22, 2020). "Emerald Street: A History of Hip Hop in Seattle". University of Washington Press, 2020 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  31. ^ Wang, Oliver (November 2, 2015). "Legions of Boom: Filipino American Mobile DJ Crews in the San Francisco Bay Area". Duke University Press, 2015 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  32. ^ Petchauer, Emery (May 30, 2022). "Through Sound and Space". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, pg. 188, 2022 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  33. ^ Vito, Christopher (January 3, 2020). "Shop talk: The influence of hip hop on Filipino–American barbers in San Diego". Global Hip Hop Studies 1 (1), pgs. 13-23, 2020 Dance Cult via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  34. ^ Petchauer, Emery (October 9, 2013). "Yellow skin, white masks" (PDF). Daedalus 142 (4), pgs. 24-37, 2013 MIT Press via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  35. ^ Chang, Jeff (May 12, 2006). "Total chaos: The art and aesthetics of hip-hop". Civitas Books, 2006 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  36. ^ Harrison, Anthony Kwame (June 11, 2003). ""Every emcee's a fan, every fan's an emcee": Authenticity, identity, and power within Bay area underground hip-hop". Syracuse University, 2003 ProQuest via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  37. ^ Manuel & Neely, Peter & Daniel (June 11, 2003). "The Reggae Scene: The Stars, the Fans, the Music". Enslow Publishing, LLC, pg. 29, 2009 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  38. ^ Keyes, Cheryl L (June 11, 2016). ""Ain't Nuthin'but a She Thang": Women in Hip Hop". Issues in African American music, pgs. 320-342, 2016 Taylor Francis via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  39. ^ Oswald, Vanessa (February 23, 2018). "Hip-hop: A Cultural and Musical Revolution". Greenhaven Publishing LLC, pgs. 15, 26-27,75; 2018 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  40. ^ Fitzgerald, Tamsin (March 22, 2009). "Hip-hop and Urban Dance". Heinemann-Raintree Library, 2009 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  41. ^ Daudi, Abe (January 22, 2020). "Emerald Street: A History of Hip Hop in Seattle". University of Washington Press, 2020 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  42. ^ Higgins, Dalton (September 12, 2009). "Hip-hop and Urban Dance". Heinemann-Raintree Library, 2009 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  43. ^ Fitzgerald, Tamsin (March 22, 2009). "Hip Hop World: A Groundwork Guide". Groundwood Books Ltd, 2009 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  44. ^ Price III, Emmett G (November 2, 2006). "Hip hop culture". Bloomsbury Publishing USA, 2006 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  45. ^ Millares, Maria Myrtle D (July 2, 2020). "Artistic Knowledge and Performance Identity Formation in Toronto's Hip-Hop Communities of Practice" (PDF). University of Toronto (Canada), 2020 ProQuest via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  46. ^ Kosek, Marian (June 2, 2017). "Rap: minulost, současnost, společné a rozdílné rysy a kontexty jeho mezinárodních podob" (PDF). Masarykova univerzita, Filozofická fakulta, 2017 Masaryk University via Google Scholar (in Czech). Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  47. ^ Viator, Felicia A (January 30, 2009). "West Coast Originals: A Case for Reassessing the" Bronx West" Story of Black Youth Culture in 1980s Los Angeles". American Studies 58 (3), pgs. 87-105, 2019 JStor via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  48. ^ Henderson, April K (September 1, 2013). "Hip hop: Funk is fun (with a K) sugapop workshops". DANZ Quarterly: New Zealand Dance, pgs. 2-3, 2013 Informit via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  49. ^ Walker, Katherine (May 21, 2012). "Hip Hop Dance in New Zealand: philosophies, practices and issues". Masters Thesis-University of Auckland, 2012 Informit via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  50. ^ Mania, Beastie (April 30, 1998). "Who's SWEEPY?". BeastieMania. Archived from the original on October 1, 2024. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  51. ^ Park, MiRi (August 7, 2022). "Learn Your History". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, pg.136, 2022 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  52. ^ Condry, Ian (April 30, 2003). ""Japanese Hip-Hop"". MIT. Archived from the original on April 22, 2011. Retrieved April 22, 2011.
  53. ^ Schloss, Joseph G (January 30, 2009). "Foundation: B-boys, B-girls and hip-hop culture in New York". Oxford University Press, 2009 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  54. ^ Condry, Ian (March 12, 1999). "Japanese rap music: an ethnography of globalization in popular culture". Yale University, 1999 ProQuest via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  55. ^ Lemberger, Marc (January 30, 2023). "Mr. Freeze collection 1968-2014 [bulk 1980s-1990s]". Jerome Robbins Dance Division New York Public Library for the Performing Arts. Archived from the original on October 1, 2024. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  56. ^ Gendron, Cherie "Breezie" (May 30, 2022). "Can't Take My Feel Good". University of Hawai'i at Manoa, 2022 ProQuest. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  57. ^ Osumare, Halifu (July 9, 2002). "Global breakdancing and the intercultural body" (PDF). Dance Research Journal 34 (2), 30–45, 2002 Cambridge. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  58. ^ Osumare/Bright/Ofosu, Halifu/Terry/Kweku (January 22, 2022). "Globalization and the Hip Hop Dance Cipher". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, p. 260 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  59. ^ Hawaii, PBS (January 30, 2023). "SKILLROY TIMELESS B-BOY". PBS Hawaiʻi. Archived from the original on October 1, 2024. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  60. ^ Perillo, J Lorenzo (January 22, 2006). ""This is the Filipino scene for me": Ethnicity, Gender, and Hip-Hop dance in Hawai 'i" (PDF). Journal of English Studies and Comparative Literature 18 (1) ResearchGate. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  61. ^ Champaneri & Landy, Nilesh & Leigh (January 22, 2009). "Compositional Analysis of Hip Hop Music" (PDF). MA Dissertation. De Montfort University; Academia.edu. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  62. ^ Osumare, Halifu (July 9, 2002). "Global breakdancing and the intercultural body" (PDF). Dance Research Journal 34 (2), 30–45, 2002 Cambridge. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  63. ^ D’Cook & Chang, Dave‘Davey & Jeff (January 22, 2021). "Can't Stop Won't Stop (Young Adult Edition): A Hip-Hop History". Can't Stop Won't Stop (Young Adult Edition): A Hip-Hop History Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  64. ^ Osumare/Bright/Ofosu, Halifu/Terry/Kweku (January 22, 2022). "Globalization and the Hip Hop Dance Cipher". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, p. 260 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  65. ^ Chang & D’Cook, Jeff & Dave‘Davey (May 30, 2021). "Can't Stop Won't Stop (Young Adult Edition): A Hip-Hop History". Wednesday Books, 2021 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  66. ^ Aprahamian, Serouj (January 1, 2020). "There Were Females That Danced Too': Uncovering the Role of Women in Breaking History". Dance Research Journal 52, no. 2: 41–58 doi.org/10.1017/S0149767720000169. Archived from the original on September 30, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  67. ^ Veran, Cristina (September 22, 1996). "B-girl Queendom: Honey Rockwell Chats for the First Time with Her RSC Predecessor, Daisy 'Baby Love' Castro". Rap Pages.
  68. ^ Fogarty, Mary (January 22, 2022). "What Makes a Man Break?". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, p. 116 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  69. ^ Park, MiRi (August 7, 2022). "Learn Your History". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, pg.131, 2022 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  70. ^ Pellerin, Eric (January 22, 2022). "Kung Fu Fandom". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, p. 97 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  71. ^ Fogarty, Mary (January 22, 2022). "Make the Letters Dance". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, p. 457 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  72. ^ Vernon, Jim (January 22, 2018). "DJing and Breaking, or the Classical Stage of Art". Hip Hop, Hegel, and the Art of Emancipation: Let's Get Free, pgs. 77–125 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  73. ^ Chang, Jeff (January 22, 2006). "Total chaos: The art and aesthetics of hip-hop". Total chaos: The art and aesthetics of hip-hop Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  74. ^ Perkins, William Eric (August 22, 1996). "Droppin'science: Critical essays on rap music and hip hop culture". Temple University Press, 1996 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  75. ^ Magazine, Dance (April 11, 1984). "BBOY FUNKY FRANK (1st bboy cover in Dance Magazine history)". Dance Magazine. Archived from the original on October 1, 2024. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  76. ^ LaGuardia, Leslie (June 7, 2024). "Internationally Known Choreographer Ian Eastwood Joins The Elite Guest Faculty Of Broadway Theatre Project". WRBL. Archived from the original on October 5, 2024. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  77. ^ Perkins, William Eric (August 22, 1996). "Droppin'science: Critical essays on rap music and hip hop culture". Temple University Press, 1996 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  78. ^ Wang, Oliver (November 2, 2015). "Legions of Boom: Filipino American Mobile DJ Crews in the San Francisco Bay Area". Duke University Press, 2015 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  79. ^ Yang, Mina (October 9, 2013). "Yellow skin, white masks" (PDF). Daedalus 142 (4), pgs. 24-37, 2013 MIT Press via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  80. ^ Harrison, Anthony Kwame (June 11, 2003). ""Every emcee's a fan, every fan's an emcee": Authenticity, identity, and power within Bay area underground hip-hop". Syracuse University, 2003 ProQuest via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  81. ^ Manuel & Neely, Peter & Daniel (June 11, 2003). "The Reggae Scene: The Stars, the Fans, the Music". Enslow Publishing, LLC, pg. 29, 2009 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  82. ^ Yang, Mina (October 9, 2013). "Yellow skin, white masks" (PDF). Daedalus 142 (4), pgs. 24-37, 2013 MIT Press via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  83. ^ Harrison, Anthony Kwame (June 11, 2003). ""Every emcee's a fan, every fan's an emcee": Authenticity, identity, and power within Bay area underground hip-hop". Syracuse University, 2003 ProQuest via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  84. ^ Manuel & Neely, Peter & Daniel (June 11, 2003). "The Reggae Scene: The Stars, the Fans, the Music". Enslow Publishing, LLC, pg. 29, 2009 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 4, 2024.
  85. ^ Rajakumar, Mohanalakshmi (March 27, 2012). "Hip hop dance". Bloomsbury Publishing USA, 2012 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  86. ^ PETERSON, James Braxton (September 23, 2016). "The Power of the Underground: Hip-Hop and African American Culture" (PDF). 立命館言語文化研究 28 (1), 2016 Ritsumeikan University via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  87. ^ Fitzgerald, Tamsin (February 13, 2009). "Hip-hop and Urban Dance". Heinemann-Raintree Library, 2009 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  88. ^ ST Nixon/Galbraith/Bindon, Wesley/Marysia/Jim (June 13, 2006). "Rocking the Beat: B-boysʼ and B-girlsʼ Reflections on Identity and the Cultural History of the Hip Hop Dance B-boying". Portland State University, 2006 via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  89. ^ Perkins, William Eric (August 22, 1996). "Droppin'science: Critical essays on rap music and hip hop culture". Temple University Press, 1996 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  90. ^ Fogarty Woehrel, Mary (March 12, 2019). "On popular dance aesthetics: Why backup dancers matter to hip hop dance histories". Performance Matters VOL. 5 NO. 1: BACKSPACE: A SPECIAL ISSUE ON DANCE STUDIES, pgs. 116-131, 2019 Performance Matters via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  91. ^ Chang, Jeff (May 12, 2006). "Total chaos: The art and aesthetics of hip-hop". Civitas Books, 2006 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  92. ^ Dance, EEH (May 30, 2022). "The Camera in the Cypher - Early Hip Hop Dance". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, pg. 32, 2022 Google Books. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  93. ^ Perkins, William Eric (August 22, 1996). "Droppin'science: Critical essays on rap music and hip hop culture". Temple University Press, 1996 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  94. ^ Trahearn, Anthony R (June 13, 2023). "Commercial Dance: An Essential Guide". Taylor & Francis, pg.1979, 2023 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  95. ^ George, Cassidy (January 4, 2019). "exploring the birth of the b-boy in 70s new york". VICE. Archived from the original on September 30, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  96. ^ "Hey You (Rock Steady Crew): The story behind the song". Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  97. ^ Veran, Cristina (September 22, 1996). "B-girl Queendom: Honey Rockwell Chats for the First Time with Her RSC Predecessor, Daisy 'Baby Love' Castro". Rap Pages.
  98. ^ Perkins, William Eric (August 22, 1996). "Droppin'science: Critical essays on rap music and hip hop culture". Temple University Press, 1996 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  99. ^ Johnson, Imani Kai (August 12, 2018). "Battling in the Bronx: Social choreography and outlaw culture among early hip-hop streetdancers in New York City" (PDF). Dance Research Journal 50 (2), pgs. 62-75, 2018 Cambridge via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  100. ^ Chang, Jeff (January 22, 2006). "Total chaos: The art and aesthetics of hip-hop". Total chaos: The art and aesthetics of hip-hop Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  101. ^ Perkins, William Eric (August 22, 1996). "Droppin'science: Critical essays on rap music and hip hop culture". Temple University Press, 1996 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  102. ^ Perkins, William Eric (August 22, 1996). "Droppin'science: Critical essays on rap music and hip hop culture". Temple University Press, 1996 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  103. ^ Dance, EEH (May 30, 2022). "The Camera in the Cypher - Early Hip Hop Dance". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, pg. 32, 2022 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  104. ^ Gorney, Christopher Cole (May 30, 2009). "Hip hop dance: Performance, style, and competition". University of Oregon, 2009 via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  105. ^ Park, MiRi (August 7, 2022). "Learn Your History". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, pgs.132,139, 2022 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  106. ^ Park, MiRi (August 7, 2022). "Learn Your History". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, pgs.133,137-142 2022 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  107. ^ Johnson, Imani Kai (August 12, 2018). "Battling in the Bronx: Social choreography and outlaw culture among early hip-hop streetdancers in New York City" (PDF). Dance Research Journal 50 (2), pgs. 62-75, 2018 Cambridge via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  108. ^ Perkins, William Eric (August 22, 1996). "Droppin'science: Critical essays on rap music and hip hop culture". Temple University Press, 1996 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  109. ^ Park, MiRi (August 7, 2022). "Learn Your History". The Oxford Handbook of Hip Hop Dance Studies, pg.138, 2022 Google Books via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  110. ^ "The Official Charts Company – Rocksteady Crew - (Hey You) The Rocksteady Crew". Official Charts Company. Retrieved March 19, 2020.
  111. ^ Charry, Eric (May 30, 2012). "A capsule history of African rap" (PDF). Hip hop Africa: New African music in a globalizing world, pgs.1-25, 2012 Elegant Brain via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  112. ^ George, Cassidy (November 26, 2018). "Exploring the birth of the b-boy in 70s New York". i-D. Retrieved February 12, 2020.
  113. ^ Rock, Doc. "The Dead Rock Stars Club". Thedeadrockstarsclub.com. Retrieved November 18, 2017.
  114. ^ "Hey You (Rock Steady Crew): The story behind the song". Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  115. ^ Harrison & Arthur, Anthony Kwame & Craig E (June 8, 2011). "Reading Billboard 1979–89: Exploring Rap Music's Emergence through the Music Industry's Most Influential Trade Publication" (PDF). Popular Music and Society 34 (3), pgs. 309-327, 2011 Academia.edu via Google Scholar. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  116. ^ Academy, Red Bull Music (February 14, 2019). "Kool Lady Blue Reflects on the Golden Age of Hip-Hop and Dance Music". Red Bull Music Academy. Archived from the original on October 5, 2024. Retrieved October 5, 2024.
  117. ^ Colón, Richard (August 26, 2013). "If you claim to be hip-hop, you better pay attention!". Instagram. Archived from the original on October 5, 2024. Retrieved October 5, 2024.
  118. ^ McAleer, Dave; Gregory, Andy; White, Matthew (November 15, 2010). The Virgin Book of British Hit Singles, Volume 2. Random House. p. 400. ISBN 9780753522455.
  119. ^ "Rock Steady Crew - Hey You The Rock Steady Crew". bpi.co.uk. Retrieved January 15, 2022.
  120. ^ Lemberger, Marc (January 30, 2023). "Mr. Freeze collection 1968-2014 [bulk 1980s-1990s]". Jerome Robbins Dance Division New York Public Library for the Performing Arts. Archived from the original on October 1, 2024. Retrieved October 1, 2024.

Sources

[edit]
[edit]