Rhyssinae
| Rhyssinae Temporal range: Eocene - Present
| |
|---|---|
| |
| Rhyssella nitida | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Ichneumonidae |
| Subfamily: | Rhyssinae Morley, 1913 |
Rhyssinae is a subfamily of parasitoid wasps in the family Ichneumonidae. It contains eight genera and 259 described species, but there are likely many undiscovered species.[1][2]
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All possess long ovipositors, which are used by females to bore into tree trunks to lay eggs on the larvae of horntails and wood-boring beetles.
Females in genus Megarhyssa show very long ovipositors, with M. atrata reaching 14 cm in length. [3]
Fossil record
[edit]The oldest reliable discovery of the subfamily in fossil form was made in a German Messel pit (Eocene, about 47 Ma).[4]
Genera
[edit]The following genera belong to the subfamily Rhyssinae:
- Cyrtorhyssa Baltazar, 1961 i c g
- Epirhyssa Cresson, 1865 i c g b
- Lytarmes Cameron, 1899 i c g
- Megarhyssa Ashmead, 1900 i c g b
- Myllenyxis Baltazar, 1961 i c g
- Rhyssa Gravenhorst, 1829 i c g b
- Rhyssella Rohwer, 1920 i c g b
- Triancyra Baltazar, 1961 i c g
Data sources: i = ITIS,[5] c = Catalogue of Life,[6] g = GBIF,[7] b = Bugguide.net[8]
References
[edit]- ^ Kim, Ki-Beom; Kang, Gyu-Won; Lee, Jong-Wook (2018-03-01). "Taxonomic review of the subfamily Rhyssinae Morley (Hymenoptera:Ichneumonidae) with seven newly recorded species from South Korea". Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity. 11 (1): 123–131. doi:10.1016/j.japb.2017.11.005. ISSN 2287-884X.
- ^ Noort, Simon Van; Rousse, Pascal (2014-07-25). "A review of the Afrotropical Rhyssinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) with the descriptions of five new species". European Journal of Taxonomy (91). doi:10.5852/ejt.2014.91. ISSN 2118-9773.
- ^ Le Lannic, Joseph; Nénon, J.-P. (1999-10-18). "Functional morphology of the ovipositor in Megarhyssa atrata (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) and its penetration into wood". Zoomorphology. 119 (2): 73–79. doi:10.1007/s004350050082. ISSN 0720-213X.
- ^ Seraina Klopfstein; Sonja Wedmann; Tamara Spasojevic (2018-06-06). "Seven remarkable new fossil species of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) from the Eocene Messel Pit". PLOS ONE. 13 (6): e0197477. Bibcode:2018PLoSO..1397477S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0197477. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 5991363. PMID 29874268.
- ^ "ITIS, Integrated Taxonomic Information System". Retrieved 2018-04-07.
- ^ "Catalogue of Life". Retrieved 2018-04-07.
- ^ "GBIF". Retrieved 2018-04-07.
- ^ "Rhyssinae Subfamily Information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 2018-04-07.
Further reading
[edit]- Arnett, Ross H. Jr. (2000). American Insects: A Handbook of the Insects of America North of Mexico (2nd ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0212-9.
- Krombein, Karl V.; Hurd Jr., Paul D. Jr.; Smith, David R.; Burks, B.D., eds. (1979). "Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico". Smithsonian Institution Press. Retrieved 2018-04-07.
- Majka, C. (2009). "Thomas L. Casey and Rhode Island". ZooKeys (22): 267–283. Bibcode:2009ZooK...22..267M. doi:10.3897/zookeys.22.93.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Rhyssinae at Wikimedia Commons
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