Results of the 1901 Western Australian state election
Appearance
This is a list of the results of the 1901 state election in Western Australia, listed by electoral district.
Results by electoral district
[edit]Albany
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | James Gardiner | 590 | 69.2 | +21.1 | |
Opposition | William Nutting | 263 | 30.8 | +30.8 | |
Total formal votes | 853 | 99.3 | +0.4 | ||
Informal votes | 6 | 0.7 | –0.4 | ||
Turnout | 859 | 51.5 | +0.8 | ||
Opposition hold | Swing | N/A |
Beverley
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | Charles Harper | 151 | 53.0 | –10.4 | |
Ministerialist | Hugh Edmiston | 134 | 47.0 | +47.0 | |
Total formal votes | 285 | 97.9 | +1.3 | ||
Informal votes | 6 | 2.1 | –1.3 | ||
Turnout | 291 | 57.6 | +3.0 | ||
Ministerialist hold | Swing | N/A |
Boulder
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | John Hopkins | 628 | 56.2 | +56.2 | |
Labour | George Wiles | 414 | 37.0 | +37.0 | |
Opposition | John Keegan | 76 | 6.8 | +6.8 | |
Total formal votes | 1,118 | 99.0 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 11 | 1.0 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 1,129 | 55.9 | n/a | ||
Opposition win | (new seat) |
Bunbury
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | Thomas Hayward | 459 | 50.9 | +50.9 | |
Ministerialist | Newton Moore | 409 | 45.3 | +45.3 | |
Opposition | James Port | 34 | 3.8 | +3.8 | |
Total formal votes | 902 | 98.5 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 14 | 1.5 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 916 | 63.5 | n/a | ||
Ministerialist hold | Swing | N/A |
Claremont
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | William Sayer | 551 | 38.1 | +38.1 | |
Opposition | Joseph Langsford | 497 | 34.4 | +34.4 | |
Opposition | Andrew Henning | 397 | 27.5 | +27.5 | |
Total formal votes | 1,445 | 99.2 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 11 | 0.8 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 1,456 | 52.9 | n/a | ||
Ministerialist win | (new seat) |
Cockburn Sound
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | Francis McDonald | 290 | 44.3 | +44.3 | |
Opposition | Henry Barker | 174 | 26.6 | +26.6 | |
Labour | Alexander McDougall | 127 | 19.4 | +19.4 | |
Independent | Richard Birch | 58 | 8.9 | +8.9 | |
Independent | James Simpson | 6 | 0.9 | +0.9 | |
Total formal votes | 655 | 97.9 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 14 | 2.1 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 669 | 49.2 | n/a | ||
Opposition win | (new seat) |
Coolgardie
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | Alfred Morgans | 811 | 50.8 | –20.0 | |
Labour | Peter Wedd | 414 | 25.9 | +25.9 | |
Opposition | James MacCallum Smith | 372 | 23.3 | +23.3 | |
Total formal votes | 1,597 | 99.2 | +1.4 | ||
Informal votes | 13 | 0.8 | –1.4 | ||
Turnout | 1,610 | 43.2 | +1.9 | ||
Ministerialist hold | Swing | –20.0 |
Cue
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | Frederick Illingworth | 407 | 56.3 | +56.3 | |
Opposition | William Patrick | 316 | 43.7 | +43.7 | |
Total formal votes | 723 | 99.2 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 6 | 0.8 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 729 | 43.4 | n/a | ||
Opposition win | (new seat) |
Dundas
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | Albert Thomas | 348 | 42.3 | +42.3 | |
Independent | Robert Stewart | 209 | 25.4 | +25.4 | |
Labour | Thomas Beattie | 194 | 23.5 | +23.5 | |
Opposition | Cyrus McFarlane | 73 | 8.9 | +8.9 | |
Total formal votes | 824 | 95.8 | +1.4 | ||
Informal votes | 36 | 4.2 | –1.4 | ||
Turnout | 860 | 54.9 | –19.1 | ||
Independent hold | Swing | N/A |
East Fremantle
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | Joseph Holmes | 1,054 | 73.0 | +22.2 | |
Labour | William Angwin | 389 | 27.0 | +27.0 | |
Total formal votes | 1,443 | 99.0 | +0.6 | ||
Informal votes | 15 | 1.0 | –0.6 | ||
Turnout | 1,458 | 48.3 | –19.7 | ||
Opposition hold | Swing | +22.2 |
East Kimberley
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | Francis Connor | 33 | 50.8 | –49.2 | |
Opposition | William Stretch | 32 | 49.2 | +49.2 | |
Total formal votes | 65 | 98.5 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 1 | 1.5 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 66 | 61.1 | n/a | ||
Ministerialist hold | Swing | –49.2 |
- Connor had held the seat unopposed in 1897.
East Perth
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | Walter James | 614 | 62.7 | –8.4 | |
Opposition | Arthur Short | 366 | 37.3 | +37.3 | |
Total formal votes | 980 | 99.1 | +1.9 | ||
Informal votes | 9 | 0.9 | –1.9 | ||
Turnout | 989 | 39.6 | +2.1 | ||
Opposition hold | Swing | –8.4 |
Fremantle
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | John Higham | 194 | 65.1 | –34.9 | |
Opposition | George Bricknell | 104 | 34.9 | +34.9 | |
Total formal votes | 298 | 98.3 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 5 | 1.7 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 303 | 22.6 | n/a | ||
Ministerialist hold | Swing | –34.9 |
- Higham had held the seat unopposed in 1897.
Gascoyne
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | William Butcher | 126 | 66.0 | +66.0 | |
Ministerialist | David Forrest | 65 | 34.0 | –66.0 | |
Total formal votes | 191 | 99.5 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 1 | 0.5 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 192 | 47.6 | n/a | ||
Opposition gain from Ministerialist | Swing | +66.0 |
- George Hubble, the sitting Ministerialist member, had held the seat unopposed in 1897.
Geraldton
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | Robert Hutchinson | unopposed | |||
Opposition hold | Swing |
Greenough
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | Patrick Stone | 113 | 35.5 | +35.5 | |
Ministerialist | John Morrell | 102 | 32.1 | +32.1 | |
Ministerialist | Joseph Dreyer | 80 | 25.2 | +25.2 | |
Opposition | Charles Cheeseborough | 23 | 7.2 | +7.2 | |
Total formal votes | 318 | 98.1 | +0.2 | ||
Informal votes | 6 | 1.9 | –0.2 | ||
Turnout | 324 | 67.2 | –11.1 | ||
Ministerialist hold | Swing | N/A |
Guildford
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | Hector Rason | 241 | 29.9 | +29.9 | |
Independent | Arthur Gull | 339 | 28.4 | +28.4 | |
Opposition | Henry Downing | 180 | 22.3 | +22.3 | |
Ministerialist | Alexander Watt | 157 | 19.4 | +19.4 | |
Total formal votes | 807 | 99.1 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 7 | 0.9 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 814 | 57.6 | n/a | ||
Ministerialist win | (new seat) |
Hannans
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | John Reside | 1,870 | 68.3 | +68.3 | |
Opposition | James Wilkinson | 857 | 31.3 | +31.3 | |
Independent | Morgan Field | 9 | 0.3 | +0.3 | |
Total formal votes | 2,736 | 96.2 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 109 | 3.8 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 2,845 | 40.5 | n/a | ||
Labour win | (new seat) |
Irwin
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | Samuel Phillips | unopposed | |||
Ministerialist hold | Swing |
Kalgoorlie
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | William Johnson | 606 | 31.7 | +31.7 | |
Ministerialist | Charles Moran | 506 | 26.5 | +26.5 | |
Opposition | William Burton | 495 | 25.9 | +25.9 | |
Opposition | Alfred Shaw | 301 | 15.7 | +15.7 | |
Independent | John Stuart | 4 | 0.2 | +0.2 | |
Total formal votes | 1,912 | 92.5 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 156 | 7.5 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 2,068 | 50.1 | n/a | ||
Labour win | (new seat) |
Kanowna
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Robert Hastie | 912 | 60.0 | +60.0 | |
Opposition | Charles Mann | 155 | 10.2 | +10.2 | |
Opposition | John Auldjo | 143 | 9.4 | +9.4 | |
Opposition | Alfred McKenzie | 139 | 9.1 | +9.1 | |
Opposition | William McMeikan | 118 | 7.8 | +7.8 | |
Opposition | Frederick Hancey | 53 | 3.5 | +3.5 | |
Total formal votes | 1,520 | 94.1 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 95 | 5.9 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 1,615 | 27.8 | n/a | ||
Labour win | (new seat) |
Menzies
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | Henry Gregory | unopposed | |||
Opposition win | (new seat) |
Moore
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | Michael O'Connor | 266 | 62.9 | +62.9 | |
Opposition | William Loton | 157 | 37.1 | +37.1 | |
Total formal votes | 423 | 98.8 | +1.4 | ||
Informal votes | 5 | 1.2 | –1.4 | ||
Turnout | 428 | 64.4 | –17.1 | ||
Ministerialist hold | Swing | N/A |
Mount Burges
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Fergie Reid | 586 | 69.0 | +69.0 | |
Opposition | Charles McDowall | 261 | 30.7 | +30.7 | |
Independent | J. Thompson | 2 | 0.2 | +0.2 | |
Total formal votes | 849 | 98.4 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 14 | 1.6 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 863 | 33.6 | n/a | ||
Labour win | (new seat) |
- J. (Joseph?) Thompson withdrew from the race after the close of nominations, and his name consequently remained on the ballot paper.
Mount Magnet
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | Frank Wallace | 265 | 41.1 | +41.1 | |
Labour | John Holman | 211 | 32.8 | +32.8 | |
Ministerialist | Alec Clydesdale | 168 | 26.1 | +26.1 | |
Total formal votes | 644 | 99.7 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 2 | 0.3 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 646 | 48.2 | n/a | ||
Opposition win | (new seat) |
Mount Margaret
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | George Taylor | 771 | 52.1 | +52.1 | |
Opposition | George Hall | 709 | 47.9 | +47.9 | |
Total formal votes | 1,480 | 99.1 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 14 | 0.9 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 1,494 | 54.9 | n/a | ||
Labour win | (new seat) |
Murchison
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | John Nanson | 153 | 50.2 | +50.2 | |
Ministerialist | Samuel Mitchell | 152 | 49.8 | –50.2 | |
Total formal votes | 305 | 98.4 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 5 | 1.6 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 310 | 68.1 | n/a | ||
Opposition gain from Ministerialist | Swing | +50.2 |
- Mitchell had held the seat unopposed in 1897.
Murray
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | William George | 491 | 61.4 | +3.8 | |
Labour | Albert Wilson | 309 | 38.6 | +38.6 | |
Total formal votes | 800 | 99.4 | +0.9 | ||
Informal votes | 5 | 0.6 | –0.9 | ||
Turnout | 805 | 49.0 | –18.1 | ||
Opposition hold | Swing | N/A |
Nelson
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | Sir James Lee-Steere | unopposed | |||
Ministerialist hold | Swing |
Northam
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | George Throssell | unopposed | |||
Ministerialist hold | Swing |
North Fremantle
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | Denis Doherty | 433 | 39.0 | –12.4 | |
Ministerialist | Thomas Cartwright | 345 | 31.1 | +31.1 | |
Independent | Henry Passmore | 332 | 29.9 | +29.9 | |
Total formal votes | 1,110 | 99.1 | +6.6 | ||
Informal votes | 10 | 0.9 | –6.6 | ||
Turnout | 1,120 | 55.8 | +22.2 | ||
Ministerialist hold | Swing | N/A |
North Murchison
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | Frederick Moorhead | 233 | 77.2 | –22.8 | |
Labour | George Carlton | 69 | 22.8 | +22.8 | |
Total formal votes | 302 | 98.1 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 6 | 1.9 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 308 | 39.1 | n/a | ||
Opposition hold | Swing | N/A |
- Moorhead had been elected unopposed at the previous election (a ministerial by-election in 1899).
North Perth
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | Richard Speight | 1,125 | 62.9 | +62.9 | |
Opposition | Edgar Zollner | 360 | 20.1 | +20.1 | |
Labour | Joseph Diver | 303 | 16.9 | +16.9 | |
Total formal votes | 1,788 | 99.4 | +6.7 | ||
Informal votes | 11 | 0.6 | –6.7 | ||
Turnout | 1,799 | 37.4 | +24.6 | ||
Independent gain from Opposition | Swing | +62.9 |
Perth
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | Frank Wilson | 691 | 65.4 | +65.4 | |
Ministerialist | Thomas Molloy | 366 | 34.6 | +34.6 | |
Total formal votes | 1,057 | 99.2 | +0.9 | ||
Informal votes | 9 | 0.8 | –0.9 | ||
Turnout | 1,066 | 38.8 | –6.9 | ||
Opposition gain from Ministerialist | Swing | +62.9 |
Pilbara
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | Walter Kingsmill | unopposed | |||
Opposition hold | Swing |
Plantagenet
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | Albert Hassell | 346 | 53.9 | –46.1 | |
Labour | Alfred Mather | 296 | 46.1 | +46.1 | |
Total formal votes | 642 | 98.1 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 6 | 1.9 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 308 | 39.1 | n/a | ||
Opposition hold | Swing | N/A |
Roebourne
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | John Sydney Hicks | unopposed | |||
Independent hold | Swing |
South Fremantle
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | Arthur Diamond | 492 | 36.9 | +36.9 | |
Labour | William Guilfoyle | 396 | 29.7 | +29.7 | |
Independent | William Forsythe | 296 | 22.2 | +22.2 | |
Opposition | Walter Mortess | 151 | 11.3 | +11.3 | |
Total formal votes | 1,335 | 98.7 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 17 | 1.3 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 1,352 | 40.9 | n/a | ||
Independent hold | Swing | N/A |
South Perth
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | William Gordon | 258 | 28.4 | +28.4 | |
Opposition | Alfred Russell | 226 | 24.9 | +24.9 | |
Independent | James Clydesdale | 210 | 23.2 | +23.2 | |
Independent | Thomas Tate | 164 | 18.1 | +18.1 | |
Opposition | Thomas Shafto | 49 | 5.4 | +5.4 | |
Total formal votes | 907 | 97.3 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 25 | 2.7 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 932 | 42.4 | n/a | ||
Ministerialist win | (new seat) |
South West Mining
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | John Ewing | 394 | 53.2 | +53.2 | |
Labour | George Henderson | 205 | 27.7 | +27.7 | |
Opposition | Harry Courtney | 142 | 19.2 | +19.2 | |
Total formal votes | 741 | 99.3 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 5 | 0.7 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 746 | 60.7 | n/a | ||
Opposition win | (new seat) |
Subiaco
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Henry Daglish | 828 | 49.6 | +49.6 | |
Independent | Samuel Brown | 535 | 32.1 | +32.1 | |
Independent | John Brickhill | 180 | 10.8 | +10.8 | |
Independent | Richard Sparrow | 126 | 7.5 | +7.5 | |
Total formal votes | 1,669 | 97.4 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 44 | 2.6 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 1,713 | 56.5 | n/a | ||
Labour win | (new seat) |
Sussex
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | Henry Yelverton | 249 | 43.6 | +43.6 | |
Ministerialist | Ernest Locke | 200 | 35.0 | –8.1 | |
Opposition | Henry Mills | 122 | 21.4 | +21.4 | |
Total formal votes | 571 | 99.5 | +3.2 | ||
Informal votes | 3 | 0.5 | –3.2 | ||
Turnout | 574 | 63.4 | –18.0 | ||
Ministerialist hold | Swing | N/A |
Swan
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | Mathieson Jacoby | 249 | 44.7 | +44.7 | |
Ministerialist | Robert Wolfe | 128 | 23.0 | +23.0 | |
Labour | George Hogarth | 115 | 20.6 | +20.6 | |
Independent | William Thomas | 44 | 7.9 | +7.9 | |
Ministerialist | Hugh McKernan | 21 | 3.8 | +3.8 | |
Total formal votes | 557 | 97.4 | ±0.0 | ||
Informal votes | 15 | 2.6 | ±0.0 | ||
Turnout | 572 | 45.0 | –6.5 | ||
Opposition gain from Independent | Swing | +44.7 |
Toodyay
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | Timothy Quinlan | 351 | 66.1 | +2.5 | |
Independent | Vernon Hamersley | 180 | 33.9 | +33.9 | |
Total formal votes | 531 | 97.4 | –1.0 | ||
Informal votes | 14 | 2.6 | +1.0 | ||
Turnout | 545 | 76.0 | –6.1 | ||
Ministerialist hold | Swing | N/A |
Wellington
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | Henry Teesdale Smith | 300 | 48.1 | +48.1 | |
Labour | Charles Burke | 151 | 24.2 | +24.2 | |
Independent | John Wellard | 95 | 15.2 | +15.2 | |
Ministerialist | William Reading | 78 | 12.5 | +12.5 | |
Total formal votes | 624 | 97.3 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 17 | 2.7 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 641 | 57.6 | n/a | ||
Independent gain from Ministerialist | Swing | +48.1 |
West Kimberley
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | Alexander Forrest | 105 | 78.4 | –21.6 | |
Opposition | Frank Biddles | 29 | 21.6 | +21.6 | |
Total formal votes | 134 | 99.3 | n/a | ||
Informal votes | 1 | 0.7 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 135 | 53.8 | n/a | ||
Ministerialist hold | Swing | N/A |
West Perth
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | George Leake | 886 | 51.7 | +51.7 | |
Ministerialist | Barrington Wood | 828 | 48.3 | –5.6 | |
Total formal votes | 1,714 | 98.7 | +0.4 | ||
Informal votes | 22 | 1.3 | –0.4 | ||
Turnout | 1,736 | 46.8 | +2.3 | ||
Opposition gain from Ministerialist | Swing | +51.7 |
Williams
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | Frederick Henry Piesse | unopposed | |||
Ministerialist hold | Swing |
Yilgarn
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opposition | William Oats | 186 | 39.7 | –11.2 | |
Labour | Richard Sneddon | 147 | 31.4 | +31.4 | |
Ministerialist | Isidor Cohn | 74 | 15.8 | –23.6 | |
Independent | William Montgomery | 61 | 13.0 | +13.0 | |
Total formal votes | 468 | 99.4 | +4.0 | ||
Informal votes | 3 | 0.6 | –4.0 | ||
Turnout | 471 | 47.6 | +0.1 | ||
Opposition hold | Swing | N/A |
York
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ministerialist | Frederick Monger | unopposed | |||
Ministerialist hold | Swing |
See also
[edit]- Members of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly, 1897–1901
- Members of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly, 1901–1904
References
[edit]- Black, David; Prescott, Valerie (1997). Election statistics : Legislative Assembly of Western Australia, 1890-1996. Perth, [W.A.]: Western Australian Parliamentary History Project and Western Australian Electoral Commission. ISBN 0730984095.