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Redruth Gaol

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Coordinates: 33°39′52″S 138°55′59″E / 33.6645°S 138.9330°E / -33.6645; 138.9330
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Redruth Gaol

Redruth Gaol (later the Redruth Reformatory) is a historic former prison in Burra, South Australia, now operating as a museum. It was the first prison in South Australia to be built outside of the state capital, Adelaide.[1]

The gaol was built in 1856.[2] It was reported in January 1866 that it contained no prisoners, despite being an active prison.[3] In 1871, it was gazetted as the place of confinement for persons arrested on warrants from the Local Courts of Redruth, Clare, Riverton and Auburn, with Georgetown added in 1874.[4][5] In 1876, it had problems with overcrowding, with 22 prisoners in a total of only eight cells.[6] It was reported in 1879, at the time of the construction of the Gladstone Gaol, that Redruth was too small and in a poor state of repair.[7] By 1894, Redruth Gaol had again received little use for some time, and was costing £370 per annum despite holding only three prisoners; as such, the decision was made to close the prison in that year. Prisoners north of Burra were sent to Gladstone, while prisoners south of Burra were sent to Adelaide.[8]

It was reopened as a girls reformatory in 1897.[9] The reformatory was closed in 1922, when Acting Premier John George Bice declared that it was "entirely inadequate for its purpose."[10] The residents were moved to a Salvation Army home in the Adelaide suburb of Enfield.[11][12] The reformatory had seen a number of problems prior to its closure, with the matron reprimanded in 1920 following complaints about its management, and an inmate riot in February 1921; by July 1921, it only held 13 inmates.[13][14][15]

It was used for the filming of the 1979 movie Breaker Morant.[1] The building was restored in the late 1980s, with the National Trust of Australia and the Commonwealth Bank of Australia funding the renovations as an Australian Bicentenary project. It was subsequently opened as a museum containing various historical displays.[16] It is open to the public as part of the Burra Heritage Passport tour, with the site operated by the National Trust.[1]

It was listed on the South Australian Heritage Register on 24 July 1980 and on the former Register of the National Estate on 21 March 1978.[17][18]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "Redruth Gaol". National Trust of Australia. Retrieved 14 January 2017.
  2. ^ "Local Intelligence". Adelaide Times. Vol. XI, no. 1783. South Australia. 16 August 1856. p. 3. Retrieved 14 January 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  3. ^ "Kooringa and Redruth". South Australian Weekly Chronicle. Vol. VIII, no. 390. 27 January 1866. p. 2. Retrieved 14 January 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  4. ^ "Government Gazette". South Australian Chronicle and Weekly Mail. Vol. XIV, no. 681. 2 September 1871. p. 8. Retrieved 14 January 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  5. ^ "Government Gazette". South Australian Chronicle and Weekly Mail. Vol. XVI, no. 807. 31 January 1874. p. 9. Retrieved 14 January 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  6. ^ "An Over-Crowded Gaol". South Australian Register. Vol. XLI, no. 9367. 22 November 1876. p. 1 (SUPPLEMENT TO THE SOUTH AUSTRALIAN REGISTER). Retrieved 14 January 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  7. ^ "The Gladstone Gaol". Adelaide Observer. Vol. XXXVI, no. 1985. 18 October 1879. p. 23. Retrieved 14 January 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  8. ^ "The Redruth Gaol". The Express and Telegraph. Vol. XXXI, no. 9, 087. South Australia. 1 March 1894. p. 2 (SECOND EDITION). Retrieved 14 January 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  9. ^ "The Redruth Gaol". The Port Augusta Dispatch, Newcastle and Flinders Chronicle. Vol. XIX, no. 1408. South Australia. 22 October 1897. p. 2. Retrieved 14 January 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  10. ^ "To be Closed". The Journal. Vol. LVII, no. 15867. Adelaide. 3 July 1922. p. 1. Retrieved 14 January 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  11. ^ "Redruth Reformatory". The Register. Vol. LXXXVII, no. 25, 437. Adelaide. 7 July 1922. p. 6. Retrieved 14 January 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  12. ^ "Redruth Reformatory abolished". The Advertiser. Adelaide. 15 September 1922. p. 13. Retrieved 14 January 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  13. ^ "Redruth Reformatory". Daily Herald. Vol. XI, no. 3257. Adelaide. 27 August 1920. p. 4. Retrieved 14 January 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  14. ^ "Revolt in Redruth Reformatory". The Border Watch. Vol. LIX, no. 5930. South Australia. 11 February 1921. p. 3. Retrieved 14 January 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  15. ^ "Redruth Reformatory". The Advertiser. Adelaide. 30 July 1921. p. 18. Retrieved 14 January 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  16. ^ "Are you guilty?". The Times. Vol. 75, no. 3, 622. South Australia. 1 June 1988. p. 12. Retrieved 14 January 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  17. ^ "Former Redruth Gaol (sometime Girls Reformatory)". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Retrieved 14 January 2017.
  18. ^ "Redruth Gaol, Tregony St, Burra, SA, Australia". Australian Heritage Database. Department of the Environment. Retrieved 14 January 2017.

33°39′52″S 138°55′59″E / 33.6645°S 138.9330°E / -33.6645; 138.9330

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