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R. C. Majumdar

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For the Indian physicist, see Ramesh Chandra Majumdar (physicist).

R. C. Majumdar
Majumdar in 1960
Vice-Chancellor of University of Dhaka
In office
1 January 1937 – 30 June 1942
Preceded byA. F. Rahman
Succeeded byMahmud Hasan
Personal details
Born
Ramesh Chandra Majumdar

(1888-12-04)4 December 1888
Khandapara, Gopalganj, Bengal Presidency, British India
Died11 February 1980(1980-02-11) (aged 91)
Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Alma materUniversity of Calcutta
Signature

Ramesh Chandra Majumdar (known as R. C. Majumdar; 4 December 1888 – 11 February 1980)[1][2][3] was an Indian historian and professor known for promoting Hindu nationalist views.[4] He principally studied the history of India.[5][6][7]

Early life and education

Coming from a Baidya family, Majumdar was born in Khandarpara, Gopalganj, Bengal Presidency, British India (now in Bangladesh) on 4 December 1888, to Haladhara Majumdar and Bidhumukhi. He studied in various schools in Dhaka and Calcutta (now Kolkata), and finally in 1905, he passed his Entrance Examination from Ravenshaw College, Cuttack. In 1907, he passed F.A. with a first-class scholarship from Surendranath College and joined Presidency College, Calcutta. Graduating with a B.A.(Honours) and M.A. (History) in 1909 and 1911, respectively, he won the Premchand Roychand scholarship for his research work in 1913, which led to his thesis: Andhra-Kushana Age.[1]

Career

Majumdar started his teaching career as a lecturer at Government Teachers' Training College, Dhaka. Since 1914, he spent seven years as a professor of history at the University of Calcutta. He got his doctorate for his thesis "Corporate Life in Ancient India".[8] In 1921 he became a professor of History at the newly established University of Dacca. He also served, until he became its Vice Chancellor, as the head of the Department of History and the Dean of the Faculty of Arts. Between 1924 and 1936 he was Provost of Jagannath Hall. Then he became the Vice Chancellor of the University for five years from 1937 to 1942. From 1950, he was Principal of the College of Indology, Benares Hindu University. He was elected the General President of the Indian History Congress and also became the vice president of the 'International Commission for a History of the Scientific and Cultural Development of Mankind' (1950–1969) set up by the UNESCO for the history of mankind.[9]

Works

Majumdar started his research on ancient India. After extensive travels to Southeast Asia and research, he wrote detailed histories of Champa (1927), Suvarnadvipa (1938) and Kambuja Desa (1944). On the initiative of Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, he took up the mantle of editing a multi-volume tome on Indian history. Starting in 1951, he toiled for twenty-six long years to describe the history of the Indian people from the Vedic Period until the Independence of India in eleven volumes. In 1955, Majumdar established the College of Indology of Nagpur University and joined as Principal. In 1958–59, he taught Indian history in the University of Chicago and University of Pennsylvania. He was also the president of the Asiatic Society (1966–68) and the Bangiya Sahitya Parishad (1968–69), and also the Sheriff of Calcutta (1967–68).[citation needed]

When the final volume of The History and Culture of the Indian People was published in 1977, he had turned eighty-eight. He also edited the three-volume history of Bengal published by Dacca University. His last book was "Jivaner Smritidvipe".[citation needed]

The proposal to write on "Freedom movement" with Government sponsorship was put forth by in 1948 by R. C. Majumdar. In 1952 the ministry of education appointed Board of Editors for the compilation of the History. Majumdar was appointed by the Board as the Director and entrusted with the work of sifting and collecting materials and preparing the draft of the history. However, the Board as consisting of politicians and scholars, was least likely to function harmoniously. Perhaps this was the reason why it was dissolved at the end of 1955. The scheme remained in balance for a year until the government decided to transfer the work on to a single scholar. To the disappointment of Majumdar the choice of the ministry of education fell on one Tara Chand, a historian but also an ex-secretary of the Ministry of Education. Majumdar then decided to write independently The History of the Freedom movement in India in three volumes.[10][11]

Views

Majumdar has been noted for promoting Hindu nationalist views and for his communal interpretations of history.[12][4][13][14]

When the Government of India set up an editorial committee to author a history of the freedom struggle of India, he was its principal member. But, following a conflict with the then Education Minister Maulana Abul Kalam Azad on the Sepoy Mutiny, he left the government job and published his own book, The Sepoy Mutiny & Revolt of 1857. According to him the origins of India's freedom struggle lie in the English-educated Indian middle-class and the freedom struggle started with the Banga Bhanga movement in 1905. His views on the freedom struggle are found in his book History of the Freedom Movement in India. He was an admirer of Swami Vivekananda and Ramakrishna Paramahamsa.[15]

Bibliography

  • Corporate Life in Ancient India, Surendra Nath Sen, Calcutta. 1918
  • The Early History of Bengal, Dacca, 1924.
  • Champa, Ancient Indian Colonies in the Far East, Vol.I, Lahore, 1927. ISBN 0-8364-2802-1.
  • Outline of Ancient Indian History. 1927
  • Arab Invasion of India 1931.
  • Suvarnadvipa, Ancient Indian Colonies in the Far East, Vol.II, Calcutta, 1938.
  • The History of Bengal, 1943. ISBN 81-7646-237-3.
  • Kambuja Desa Or An Ancient Hindu Colony In Cambodia, Madras, 1944.
  • An Advanced History of India. London, 1960. ISBN 0-333-90298-X. (Part 1 Online) (Part 2)
  • The History and Culture of the Indian People, Bombay, 1951–1977 (in eleven volumes).
  • Ancient India, 1977. ISBN 81-208-0436-8.
  • History of the Freedom movement in India (in three volumes), Calcutta, ISBN 81-7102-099-2.
  • Vakataka – Gupta Age Circa 200–550 A.D., ISBN 81-208-0026-5.
  • Main currents of Indian history, ISBN 81-207-1654-X.
  • Hindu Colonies in the Far East, Calcutta, 1944, ISBN 99910-0-001-1.
  • Classical Accounts of India, 1960.
  • Ideas of History in Sanskrit Literature Oxford University Press, 1961.
  • Nationalist Historians, Oxford University Press. 1961.
  • Sepoy Mutiny and Revolt of 1857, 1963.
  • Historiography in Modern India, Asia Publishing House, NY 1970.
  • India and South-East Asia, I.S.P.Q.S. History and Archaeology Series Vol. 6, 1979, ISBN 81-7018-046-5.
  • The History of Ancient Lakshadweep, Calcutta, 1979.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Sarkar, H. B. (29 March 1980). "Ramesh Chandra Majumdar". Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute. 61 (1/4): 361–365. JSTOR 41691933.
  2. ^ Basa, Kishor K. (1998). "Indian Writings on Early History and Archaeology of Southeast Asia: A Historiographical Analysis". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. 8 (3): 395–410. doi:10.1017/S135618630001049X. ISSN 1356-1863. JSTOR 25183571. S2CID 162643792.
  3. ^ Aligarh Historians Group (1979). "The RSS Coup in the ICHR: Its First Fruits". Social Scientist. 7 (11): 56–60. doi:10.2307/3516534. ISSN 0970-0293. JSTOR 3516534.
  4. ^ a b Bhattacharya, S. (2007). Development of Modern Indian Thought and the Social Sciences. Development of Modern Indian Thought and the Social Sciences. Centre for Studies in Civilizations. p. 122. ISBN 978-0-19-568967-9. R.C. Majumdar, usually situated within Hindu-nationalist historiography
  5. ^ Ahir, Rajiv (2018). A Brief History of Modern India. Spectrum Books (P) Limited. p. 15. ISBN 978-81-7930-688-8.
  6. ^ Shobhan Saxena (17 October 2010). "Why is our past an area of darkness?". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 23 September 2012. Retrieved 15 December 2012.
  7. ^ "Books". Spectrum. The Sunday Tribune. 3 September 2006. Retrieved 15 December 2012.
  8. ^ Corporate Life in Ancient India: Thesis. mcmaster.ca. Retrieved 17 November 2013
  9. ^ Prof. RC Majumdar: Vice President UNESCO.
  10. ^ Heimsath, Charles H. (January 1964). "History of the Freedom Movement in India. Volume I. By R. C. Majumdar. (Calcutta: Firma K. L. Mukhopadhyay. 1962. Pp. xxi, 556. Rs. 15)". The American Historical Review. 69 (2): 465–466. doi:10.1086/ahr/69.2.465. ISSN 0002-8762.
  11. ^ Pandey, B.N (April 1966). "Reviewed Work: History of the Freedom Movement in India. Vol. I by R. C. Majumdar". The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 1/2: 86–87. doi:10.1017/S0035869X00124748. JSTOR 25202914. S2CID 162399240.
  12. ^ Guichard, S. (2010). The Construction of History and Nationalism in India: Textbooks, Controversies and Politics. Routledge Advances in South Asian Studies. Taylor & Francis. p. 29. ISBN 978-1-136-94931-9.
  13. ^ Noorani, A.G. (7 April 2005). "Savarkar's mercy petition". Frontline. R.C. Majumdar, a historian notorious for his communal bias
  14. ^ Rudolph, L.I.; Rudolph, S.H. (2008). Explaining Indian Democracy: A Fifty Year Perspective, 1956-2006: Volume II: The Realm of Institutions: State Formation and Institutional Change. OUP India. p. 227. ISBN 978-0-19-569365-2. By the 1960s, Majumdar had adopted a more Hindu nationalist position.
  15. ^ "R C Majumdar - A Forgotten Historian Who Rebelled Against The Establishment". UnBumf. 4 December 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
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