Pyronemataceae
| Pyronemataceae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Aleuria aurantia, member of the Pyronemataceae | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Pezizomycetes |
| Order: | Pezizales |
| Family: | Pyronemataceae Corda (1842) |
| Type genus | |
| Pyronema Carus (1834)
| |
The Pyronemataceae are a family of fungi in the order Pezizales. It is the largest family of the Pezizales, encompassing 75 genera[1] and approximately 500 species.[2] Phylogenetic analyses does not support the prior classifications of this family, and suggest that the family is not monophyletic as it is currently circumscribed.[3]
Morphology
[edit]Members of the family are diverse in ascomatal or cleistothecial form. Individual taxa may be sessile (without a stipe) to shortly stipitate, cupulate (cup-shaped), discoid (disc-shaped), pulvinate (cushion-shaped), or with turbinate (turban-shaped) epigeous apothecia. Also, taxa may be sub-hypogeous to hypogeous with closed, folded, or solid ascomata. Apothecia may range in size from less than 1 mm up to 12 cm (4+1⁄2 in) in diameter, and may be brightly colored due to carotenoid pigments. Genera of the Pyronemataceae lack unifying macroscopic or microscopic characteristics; this lack of uniting characters has led various authors to propose a variety of classification schemes.[4][5][6]
Genera
[edit]This list of genera in the family Pyronemataceae. The genus name is followed by the author citation, year of publication, and number of species.[7]
- Acervus Kanouse (1938) – 9 spp.
- Aleuria Fuckel (1870) – ca. 10 spp.
- Aleurina Massee (1898) – ca. 10 spp.
- Anthracobia Boud. (1885) – ca. 10 spp.
- Aparaphysaria Speg. (1922) – 2 spp.
- Arpinia Berthet (1974) – 4 spp.
- Ascocalathium Eidam ex J.Schröt. (1893) – 1 sp.
- Ascosparassis Kobayasi (1960) – 1 sp.
- Aurantiolachnea Van Vooren (2021) – 1 sp.
- Boubovia Svrček (1977) – 7 spp.
- Byssonectria P.Karst. (1881) – 7 spp.
- Boudierella Sacc. (1895) – 1 sp.
- Chaetothiersia B.A.Perry & Pfister (2008)[8] – 1 sp.
- Chalazion Dissing & Sivertsen (1975) – 3 spp.
- Cheilymenia Boud. (1885) – 67 spp.
- Cupulina Dougoud, Van Vooren & M.Vega (2015) – 2 spp.
- Dictyocoprotus J.C.Krug & R.S.Khan (1991) – 1 sp.
- Eoaleurina Korf & W.Y.Zhuang (1986) – 1 sp.
- Galeoscypha Svrček & J.Moravec (1989) – 1 sp.
- Genabea Tul. & C.Tul. (1844) – 5 spp.
- Genea Vittad. (1831) – ca. 40 spp.
- Geneosperma Rifai (1968) – 2 spp.
- Geopora Harkn. (1885) – ca. 20 spp.
- Geopyxis (Pers.) Sacc. (1889) –
- Gilkeya M.E.Sm., Trappe & Rizzo (2007) – 1 sp.
- Hiemsia Svrček (1969) – 2 spp.
- Hoffmannoscypha[9] Stielow, Göker & Klenk (2012) – 1 sp.
- Humaria Fuckel (1870) – ca. 10 spp.
- Hydnocystis Tul. & C.Tul. (1844) – 7 spp.
- Hypotarzetta Donadini (1985) – 1 spp.
- Jafnea Korf (1960) – 2 spp.
- Lamprospora De Not. (1863) – ca. 50 spp.
- Lasiobolidium Malloch & Cain (1971) – 13
- Lasiocupulina Van Vooren & M.Vega (2018) – 1 sp.
- Lathraeodiscus Dissing & Sivertsen (1989) – 1 sp.
- Lazuardia Rifai (1988) – 1 sp.
- Leucoscypha Boud. (1885) – 10 spp.
- Lotinia Pérez-Butrón Fern.-Vic. & P.Alvarado (2015) – 1 sp.
- Luciotrichus R.Galán & Raitv. (1995) – 1 sp.
- Melastiza Boud. (1885) – ca. 10 spp.
- Micronematobotrys[10] Xiang Sun & L.D.Guo (2010) – 1 sp.
- Miladina Svrček (1972) – 1 sp.
- Monascella Guarro & Arx (1986) – 1 sp.
- Moravecia Benkert, Caillet & Moyne (1987) – 2 spp.
- Mycogalopsis Gjurašin (1925) – 1 sp.
- Neottiella (Cooke) Sacc. (1889) – ca. 5 spp.
- Nothojafnea Rifai (1968) – 2 spp.
- Octospora Hedw. (1789) – ca. 50 spp.
- Octosporella Döbbeler (1980) – 16 spp.
- Orbicula Cooke (1871) – 2 spp.
- Otidea (Pers.) Bonord. (1851) – ca. 52 spp.
- Oviascoma Y.J.Yao & Spooner (1996) – 1 sp.
- Parascutellinia Svrček (1975) – 6 spp.
- Paratricharina Van Vooren, U.Lindemann, M.Vega, Ribes, Illescas & Matočec (2015) – 1 sp.
- Paratrichophaea Trigaux (1985) – 5 spp.
- Parawilcoxina Van Vooren (2021) – 1 sp.
- Paurocotylis Berk. (1855) – 8 spp.
- Perilachnea Van Vooren (2021) – 6 spp.
- Petchiomyces E.Fisch. & Mattir. (1938) – 1 sp.
- Picoa Vittad. (1831) – 2 spp.
- Planamyces Crous & Decock (2017) – 1 sp.
- Pseudaleuria Lusk (1987) – 2 spp.
- Pseudotricharina Van Vooren, Tello & M.Vega (2019) – 3 spp.
- Pulvinula Boud. (1885) – 26 spp.
- Pyronema Carus (1834) – 3 spp.
- Pyropyxis Egger (1984) – 1 sp.
- Ramsbottomia W.D.Buckley (1923) – 3 spp.
- Rhizoblepharia Rifai (1968) – 2 spp.
- Rhodoscypha Dissing & Sivertsen (1983) – 1 sp.
- Rhodotarzetta Dissing & Sivertsen (1983) – 2 spp.
- Scutellinia (Cooke) Lambotte (1887) – 70 spp.
- Selenaspora R.Heim & Le Gal (1936) – 1 sp.
- Sepultariella Van Vooren, U.Lindemmann & Healy (2017) – 2 spp.
- Smardaea Svrček (1969) – 9 spp.
- Smarodsia Raitv. & Vimba (2006) – 1 sp.
- Sowerbyella Nannf. (1938) – 17 spp.
- Sphaerosoma Klotzsch (1839) – 11 spp.
- Sphaerosporella (Svrček) Svrček & Kubička (1961) – 3 spp.
- Spooneromyces T.Schumach. & J.Moravec (1989) – 5 spp.
- Tricharina Eckblad (1968) – 12 spp.
- Trichophaea Boud. (1885) – 26 spp.
- Trichophaeopsis Korf & Erb (1972) – 4 spp.
- Wenyingia Zheng Wang & Pfister (2001) – 1 sp.
- Wilcoxina Chin S.Yang & Korf (1985) – 5 spp.
References
[edit]- ^ Eriksson OE. Outline of Ascomycota. 2006 Myconet 12:1–82.
- ^ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, David J, Stalpers JA. (Eds.) Ainsworth & Bisby's Dictionary of the Fungi (9th edn.). CAB International: Wallingford, UK (2001).
- ^ Perry BA, Hansen K, Pfister DH (2007). "A phylogenetic overview of the family Pyronemataceae (Ascomycota, Pezizales)". Mycological Research. 111 (5): 549–571. doi:10.1016/j.mycres.2007.03.014. PMID 17572335.
- ^ Kimbrough JW. Arguments towards restricting the limits of the Pyronemataceae (Ascomycetes, Pezizales). Memoirs of the New York Botanic Garden. 1989 49:326–335.
- ^ Eckblad F-E. The genera of operculate Discomycetes. A re-evaluation of their taxonomy, phylogeny and nomenclature. Norwegian Journal of Botany. 1968 15:1–191.
- ^ Korf RP. Synoptic key to the genera of Pezizales. Mycologia. 1972 64:937–94.
- ^ Wijayawardene, N.N.; Hyde, K.D.; Dai, D.Q.; Sánchez-García, M.; Goto, B.T.; Saxena, R.K.; et al. (2022). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa – 2021". Mycosphere. 13 (1): 53–453. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/13/1/2. hdl:10481/76378.
- ^ Perry BA. (2008). Chaetothiersia vernalis, a new genus and species of Pyronemataceae (Ascomycota, Pezizales) from California. Fungal Diversity 28: 65–72.
- ^ Stielow B, Hensel G, Strobelt D, Makonde HM, Rohde M, Dijksterhuis J, Klenk HP, Göker M (2013). "Hoffmannoscypha, a novel genus of brightly coloured, cupulate Pyronemataceae closely related to Tricharina and Geopora". Mycological Progress. 12 (4): 675–86. Bibcode:2013MycPr..12..675S. doi:10.1007/s11557-012-0875-1. hdl:10033/306493.
- ^ Sun X, Guo LD (2010). "Micronematobotrys, a new genus and its phylogenetic placement based on rDNA sequence analyses". Mycological Progress. 9 (4). Springer: 567–574. Bibcode:2010MycPr...9..567S. doi:10.1007/s11557-010-0664-7.
