Protospongia

Protospongia; Temporal range: Late Cambrian - Early Devonian
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Porifera
Class:	Hexactinellida
Order:	†Reticulosa
Genus:	†Protospongia
Species:	†P. hicksi
Binomial name
	†Protospongia hicksi; Hinde, 1888

Protospongia is a genus of Porifera known from the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale. 102 specimens of Protospongia are known from the Greater Phyllopod bed, where they comprise 0.19% of the community.^[3]

Description

Protospongia hicksi from the Burgess Shale is probably the only member of this genus of hexactinellid sponge. Several other species of fossil sponges, such as "Protospongia" tetranema of the Little Metis Formation in Quebec, and "P." rhenana from the Hunsruck, are placed in this genus due to the architecture of their spicules resembling that of P. hicksi.

Fossils of P. hicksi consist entirely of fragments and isolated, cruciform spicules, so the living animal's average to maximum size and growth habitus are unknown. If those "Protospongia" fossils outside of the Burgess Shale are of or closely related to P. hicksi, then the growth habitus of various species would have been globular, such as "P." tetranema, to cup-shaped, like with "P." rhenana.

References

^ Botting, J. (2007). "'Cambrian' demosponges in the Ordovician of Morocco: Insights into the early evolutionary history of sponges". Geobios. 40 (6): 737–748. Bibcode:2007Geobi..40..737B. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2007.02.006.
^ A monograph of the British fossil sponges. Hinde, G. J., 1888, Part 2, 93-188
^ Caron, Jean-Bernard; Jackson, Donald A. (October 2006). "Taphonomy of the Greater Phyllopod Bed community, Burgess Shale". PALAIOS. 21 (5): 451–65. Bibcode:2006Palai..21..451C. doi:10.2110/palo.2003.P05-070R. JSTOR 20173022. S2CID 53646959.

External links

Burgess Shale species 108

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[1] Botting, J. (2007). "'Cambrian' demosponges in the Ordovician of Morocco: Insights into the early evolutionary history of sponges". Geobios. 40 (6): 737–748. Bibcode:2007Geobi..40..737B. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2007.02.006.

[2] A monograph of the British fossil sponges. Hinde, G. J., 1888, Part 2, 93-188

[Caron2006-3] Caron, Jean-Bernard; Jackson, Donald A. (October 2006). "Taphonomy of the Greater Phyllopod Bed community, Burgess Shale". PALAIOS. 21 (5): 451–65. Bibcode:2006Palai..21..451C. doi:10.2110/palo.2003.P05-070R. JSTOR 20173022. S2CID 53646959.

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